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Monte Carlo Method

The document introduces the Monte Carlo method, a statistical technique that estimates mathematical results through random sampling. It details an implementation that estimates π by generating random points within a unit square and checking their position relative to a quarter-circle. The method demonstrates how increasing sample sizes improves the accuracy of the π estimate, with results plotted to show convergence.

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8 views3 pages

Monte Carlo Method

The document introduces the Monte Carlo method, a statistical technique that estimates mathematical results through random sampling. It details an implementation that estimates π by generating random points within a unit square and checking their position relative to a quarter-circle. The method demonstrates how increasing sample sizes improves the accuracy of the π estimate, with results plotted to show convergence.

Uploaded by

devsingh.bisht
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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WEEK 5 : Monte Carlo Method and Applications 23IT006

1] Introduction to the Monte Carlo Method

The Monte Carlo method is a statistical technique that uses


random sampling to estimate mathematical results. It relies on
repeated random sampling to compute results for problems that
might be deterministic in nature but are difficult or impossible to
solve directly. The key idea is to simulate a large number of random
inputs and use statistical analysis to estimate the outcome.

In simplest terms:

1. Random Sampling: Generate random values based on the


problem's conditions.
2. Statistical Estimation: Use the results from these random
values to make an estimate or solve for a quantity of interest.
WEEK 5 : Monte Carlo Method and Applications 23IT006

2]Explanation of the implemented problems


The implementation uses the Monte Carlo method to estimate π.
Here's the breakdown:

1. Random Sampling: Generate random points within a 1x1 unit


square.
2. Quarter-Circle Check: Check if the point lies inside a quarter
circle (radius 1).
3. Estimate π: The ratio of points inside the circle to total points,
multiplied by 4, gives an estimate for π.
4. Multiple Sample Sizes: The program runs simulations for different
sample sizes (10,000, 100,000, 1,000,000) to see how the
estimate improves with more points.
5. Plotting: Results are plotted to show the convergence of the
estimate towards the actual value of π as sample size increases.

3]Python code and results:


WEEK 5 : Monte Carlo Method and Applications 23IT006

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