LINKING WORDS (TỪ NỐI)

ALTHOUGH / DESPITE / INSPITE OF / HOWEVER

A. LÝ THUYẾT
1. Cụm từ và mệnh đề chỉ sự tương phản: IN SPITE OF/ DESPITE VÀ ALTHOUGH: MẶC DÙ
a. Cụm từ chỉ sự tương phản: in spite of/ despite
- Chúng ta sử dụng cụm từ in spite of hoặc despite trước một danh từ hoặc một cụm danh từ.
- Cấu trúc:

in spite of /despite + danh từ/ cụm danh từ/ V-ing, S + V

Ví dụ:
Despite/ in spite of being so young, he performs excellently.
(Mặc dù còn rất trẻ nhưng cậu ấy biểu diễn xuất sắc.)
Despite/ in spite of his young age, he performs excellently.
(Mặc dù nhỏ tuổi nhưng cậu ấy biểu diễn xuất sắc.)
b. Mệnh đề chỉ sự tương phản: though/ although/ even though
- Chúng ta sử dụng although/ though trước một mệnh đề mang ý nghĩa tương phản, đối lập. Ngoài although
ta có thể dùng though hoặc even though để thay thế
- Cấu trúc:

Although + S + V, S + V
Ví dụ:
Although the weather was bad, we had a wonderful holiday.
(Mặc dù thời tiết xấu, chúng tôi vẫn có kỳ nghỉ tuyệt vời.)
Even though I don't like her, I try my best to help her.
(Mặc dù tôi không thích cô ấy, tôi cố gắng hết sức giúp đỡ cô ấy.)
2. Từ chỉ sự tương phản: HOWEVER/ NEVERTHELESS: TUY NHIÊN
- Cấu trúc:

S+V. However/ Nevertheless, S + V

- However/ Nevertheless đứng ở giữa mệnh đề được ngăn cách với 2 mệnh đề bởi dấu "," và ";" hoặc
giữa dấu "." và ","
Ví dụ:
She is young. However, she is very talented.
(Cô ấy còn trẻ. Tuy vậy cô ấy rất tài năng.)
It rained very hard; nevertheless, I went to school on time
(Trời mưa to; dù vậy, tôi vẫn tới trường đúng giờ.)
B. LUYỆN TẬP
Exercise 1. Choose the best answer.
1. __________ some German and British management styles are similar, there are many differences between
them.
A. In spite B. In spite of C. Despite the fact that D. Despite
2. I could not eat _______ I was very hungry.
A. even though B. in spite C. despite D. in spite the fact that
3. Julie passed the exam _______ of working very hard.
A. despite B. because C. in spite D. though
4. In spite _______, the baseball game was not cancelled.
A. the rain B. of the rain C. it was raining D. there was a rain
5. _______ he had enough money, he could buy a new car.
A. Despite B. In spite of C. Because of D. Because
6. _______, he walked to the station.
A. Despite being tired B. Although to be tired
C. In spite being tired D. Despite tired
7. The children slept well, despite _______.
A. it was noise B. the noise C. of the noise D. noisy
8. She left him _______ she still loved him.
A. even if B. even though C. in spite of D. despite
9. _______ her lack of hard work, she wasn’t promoted.
A. Because B. Even though C. Because of D. In spite of
10. Our new neighbors are quite nice ______ they are sometimes talkative.
A. despite B. in spite of the fact C. thought D. despite of
11. _____ of the difficulty, they managed to climb to the top of the mountain.
A. In spite B. Despite C. But D. Although
12. Because ______, we arrived late.
A. of the traffic B. the traffic C. the heavy traffic D. of there was heavy traffic
Exercise 2. Choose the best answer.
1. She stayed at home because her mother was sick.
A. Despite her sick mother, she stayed at home.
B. Because of her sick mother, she stayed at home.
C. In spite of her sick mother, she stayed at home.
D. A & C are correct.
2. Although he took a taxi, Bill arrived late for the concert.
A. Bill arrived late for the concert because he takes a taxi.
B. Bill arrived late for the concert because of the taxi.
C. In spite of taking a taxi, Bill arrived late for the concert.
D. Although Bill took a taxi, he can’t come to the concert in time.
3. In spite of his suffering from a bad cold, William went to school.
A. Although William suffers from a bad cold, he went to school.
B. Although William suffered from a bad cold, he went to school.
C. William went to school although he is suffering from a bad cold.
D. William went to school; he suffered from a bad cold although.
4. Despite the fact that it was snowing, I felt warm.
A. In spite of snowing, I felt warm.
B. In spite of feeling warm, it was snowing.
C. Although it was snowing, I felt warm.
D. Although I felt warm, it was snowing.
5. Though he tried hard, he didn’t succeed.
A. Despite he tried hard, he didn’t succeed.
B. In spite of he tried hard, he didn’t succeed.
C. In spite of trying hard, he didn’t succeed.
D. Even though he tried hard, but he didn’t succeed.
Exercise 3: Rewrite the sentences without changing its meaning.
1. Although there was a traffic jam, he managed to arrive at the train station on time. (despite)
.........................................................................................................................
2. I don’t want to buy a new computer although I have enough money. (having)
.........................................................................................................................
3. Both of them usually go to school late although they don’t live far away from school. (spite)
.........................................................................................................................
4. My brother still went to school yesterday although he was sick. (sickness)
.........................................................................................................................
5. Although he looks healthy, he has a weak heart. (looking)
.........................................................................................................................
6. Despite the fact that Louis is not so rich, he often does charity. (although)
.........................................................................................................................
7. In spite of the awful weather, we enjoyed our party last night. (although)
.........................................................................................................................
8. She goes shopping every week although she has many clothes. (having)
.........................................................................................................................
Exercise 4: Fill in the blanks with “although/ despite/ in spite of”.
1. ________________ she has a good look, everybody hates her.
2. Jane seldom sees Jim ________________ they go to the same school.
3. ________________ her illness, Jane went to work yesterday.
4. ________________ it was chilly outside, we went fishing.
5. ________________ working hard, Peter failed the test.
6. ________________ the difficulties, Sarah managed to solve the problem.
7. My grandfather was very strong ________________ his old age.
8. The children slept deeply ________________ the noise.
9. ________________ the high salary, Mary refused the job offer.
10. ________________ earning a high salary, Sara never wastes her money.
11. I find the film boring________________ many people like it.
12. ________________the bad weather, we went on our school picnic.
13. ________________the congestion, we weren’t late for the meeting.
14. ________________ he’s rich, he is always upset.
15. I couldn’t sleep________________ I was exhausted.