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01_Introduction

Chapter 1 of 'Computer Organization and Architecture' introduces key concepts in computer science, emphasizing the importance of foundational knowledge and self-learning abilities. It distinguishes between architecture, which refers to programmer-visible attributes, and organization, which pertains to implementation details. The chapter also outlines the structure and function of computer systems, including data processing, storage, and movement.

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4 views

01_Introduction

Chapter 1 of 'Computer Organization and Architecture' introduces key concepts in computer science, emphasizing the importance of foundational knowledge and self-learning abilities. It distinguishes between architecture, which refers to programmer-visible attributes, and organization, which pertains to implementation details. The chapter also outlines the structure and function of computer systems, including data processing, storage, and movement.

Uploaded by

jerry20050125
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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William Stallings

Computer Organization
and Architecture
7th Edition

Chapter 1
Introduction
Computer Science
•資訊爆炸  學不完
•變化快  學習速度要快
•機會多  工作機會, 創新機會

— 基礎要打好; 基礎知識, 基本觀念
— 具備自學能力
— 邏輯訓練
Architecture & Organization 1
• Architecture is those attributes visible to the
programmer
—Instruction set, number of bits used for data
representation, I/O mechanisms, addressing
techniques.
—e.g. Is there a multiply instruction?
• Organization is how features are
implemented
—Control signals, interfaces, memory technology.
—e.g. Is there a hardware multiply unit or is it done
by repeated addition?
Architecture & Organization 2
• All Intel x86 family share the same basic
architecture
• The IBM System/370 family share the
same basic architecture

• This gives code compatibility


—At least backwards
• Organization differs between different
versions
Structure & Function
• Structure is the way in which components
relate to each other
• Function is the operation of individual
components as part of the structure
Function
• All computer functions are:
—Data processing
—Data storage
—Data movement
—Control
Functional View

Set of instruments or other mechanical


appliances
Put together for a purpose
設備, 裝置 ([͵æpəˋretəs])
Operations (a) Data movement
Operations (b) Storage
Operation (c) Processing from/to storage
Operation (d)
Processing from storage to I/O
Structure - Top Level

Peripherals Computer

Central Main
Processing Memory
Unit

Computer
Systems
Interconnection

Input
Output
Communication
lines
Structure - The CPU

CPU

Computer Arithmetic
Registers and
I/O Login Unit
System CPU
Bus
Internal CPU
Memory Interconnection

Control
Unit
Structure - The Control Unit

Control Unit

CPU
Sequencing
ALU Login
Control
Internal
Unit
Bus
Control Unit
Registers Registers and
Decoders

Control
Memory
Internet Resources
- Web site for book
• http://WilliamStallings.com/COA/COA7e.html
— links to sites of interest
— links to sites for courses that use the book
— errata list for book
— information on other books by W. Stallings
• http://WilliamStallings.com/StudentSupport.html
— Math
— How-to
— Research resources
— Misc
Internet Resources
- Web sites to look for
• WWW Computer Architecture Home Page
• CPU Info Center
• Processor Emporium
• ACM Special Interest Group on Computer
Architecture
• IEEE Technical Committee on Computer
Architecture
• Intel Technology Journal
• Manufacturer’s sites
—Intel, IBM, etc.
Internet Resources
- Usenet News Groups
• comp.arch
• comp.arch.arithmetic
• comp.arch.storage
• comp.parallel

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