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Layout of Steam Power Plant

A modern steam power plant consists of essential components including a boiler, steam turbine, generator, and condenser, among others. The layout features four main circuits: coal and ash, air and gas, feed water and steam flow, and cooling water. Key functions of the components include converting water to steam, driving the generator, and cooling the condenser water.

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32 views6 pages

Layout of Steam Power Plant

A modern steam power plant consists of essential components including a boiler, steam turbine, generator, and condenser, among others. The layout features four main circuits: coal and ash, air and gas, feed water and steam flow, and cooling water. Key functions of the components include converting water to steam, driving the generator, and cooling the condenser water.

Uploaded by

nallavinodkumar06
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Layout of Steam Power Plant

Layout of Steam Power Plant


Essentials of Steam Power Plant Equipment

A modern steam power plant comprises of the following components :


1. Boiler
(i) Superheater (ii) Reheater
(iii) Economiser (iv) Air-heater.
2. Steam turbine
3. Generator
4. Condenser
5. Cooling towers
6. Circulating water pump
7. Boiler feed pump
8. Wagon tippler
9. Crusher house
10. Coal mill
11. Induced draught fans
12. Ash precipitators
13. Boiler chimney
14. Forced draught fans
15. Water treatment plant
16. Control room
17. Switch yard.
The layout of a modern steam power plant comprises of the following four
circuits :
1. Coal and ash circuit.
2. Air and gas circuit.
3. Feed water and steam flow circuit.
4. Cooling water circuit.
Coal and Ash Circuit. Coal arrives at the storage yard and after necessary handling,
passes on to the furnaces.
Ash resulting from combustion of coal collects at the back of the boiler and is
removed to the ash storage yard through ash handling equipment.
Air and Gas Circuit. Air is taken in from atmosphere through the action of a forced .
Passes on to the furnace through the air preheater, where it has been
heated by the heat of flue gases which pass to the chimney via the preheater. The
flue gases after passing around boiler tubes and superheater ,economiser, and
finally through the air preheater before being exhausted to the atmosphere.
Feed Water and Steam Flow Circuit. Condensate is first heated in a closed feed water
heater through extracted steam from the lowest pressure extraction point of the turbine. It
then passes through the deaerator and a few
more water heaters before going into the boiler through economiser.
In the boiler drum and tubes, water circulates due to the difference between the density
of water in the lower temperature and the higher temperature sections of the boiler. Wet
steam from the drum is further heated up in the superheater for being supplied to the
prime mover.

Functions of some important parts


1. Boiler. Water is converted into wet steam.
2. Superheater. It converts wet steam into superheated steam.
3. Turbine. Steam at high pressure expands in the turbine and drives the generator.
4. Condenser. It condenses steam used by the steam turbine. The condensed steam (known
as condensate) is used as a feed water.
5. Cooling tower. It cools the condenser circulating water. Condenser cooling water absorbs
heat from steam. This heat is discharged to atmosphere in cooling water.
6. Condenser circulating water pump. It circulates water through the condenser and
the cooling tower.
7. Feed water pump. It pumps water in the water tubes of boiler against boiler steam
pressure.
8. Economiser. In economiser heat in flue gases is partially used to heat incoming feed
water.
9. Air preheater. In air preheater heat in flue gases (the products of combustion) is partially
used to heat incoming air.

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