Submitted By:
Muhammad talal
Registration #:
FA22-CVE-045
Assigment :
Project planning and management
Submitted to:
Dr.hasan ashraf
DEPARTMENT OF
CIVIL ENGINEERING
COMSATS WAH
The Line of Balance (LOB) is a graphical scheduling technique primarily used in
repetitive construction projects. It focuses on maintaining a steady production
rate across different work activities to optimize resource allocation and minimize
downtime. The technique is particularly beneficial in projects where tasks are
repeated in a sequence, such as in high-rise buildings, road construction, and
pipeline installations.
Uses of Line of Balance in Construction
LOB is used to:
Ensure a continuous and efficient workflow by reducing idle time.
Balance resource usage across different project phases.
Identify delays and bottlenecks early in the process.
Improve coordination between different teams working on repetitive tasks.
Benefits of Line of Balance
Efficiency – Ensures a smooth workflow with minimal interruptions.
Resource Optimization – Reduces resource idling and improves labor and
equipment utilization.
Early Identification of Delays – Helps in proactive planning and mitigation of
scheduling issues.
Visual Representation – Provides a clear and easy-to-understand graphical
schedule.
Cost Savings – Reduces project costs by minimizing waste and delays.
Limitations of Line of Balance
Limited Applicability – Best suited for repetitive projects; not ideal for unique or
non-repetitive tasks.
Complex Implementation – Requires detailed planning and precise sequencing of
tasks.
Less Flexible – Adjustments can be difficult once the schedule is set.
Requires Skilled Management – Needs experienced planners to optimize the
balance and maintain workflow continuity.
Types of Civil Engineering Projects Best Suited for LOB
LOB is most effective for projects with repetitive activities, such as:
High-rise Buildings – Where floors have repetitive work sequences.
Road Construction – Involves repeating the same tasks across different segments.
Pipeline and Tunnel Projects – Where sections of work are completed in a
sequence.
Railway and Bridge Construction – Repetitive structures and sections benefit from
a steady workflow.
Difference Between LOB and Other Scheduling Techniques
Aspect Line of Balance (LOB) Critical Path Method (CPM) Gantt Chart
PERT (Program Evaluation & Review Technique)
Best for Repetitive projectsComplex, interdependent tasks Simple projects
Projects with uncertain task durations
Focus Maintaining workflow balance Identifying critical activities Task
sequencing Probabilistic time estimation
Representation Graphical lines showing progress Network diagram Bar
chart Network diagram
Flexibility Less flexible; requires a steady rhythm Moderate flexibility
High flexibility High flexibility
Complexity Moderate to High High Low High
LOB is unique because it focuses on maintaining a continuous production rate,
whereas other methods like CPM and PERT are better suited for projects with
interdependent tasks. It is particularly useful when repetitive tasks are involved,
ensuring steady progress and avoiding resource inefficiencies.
