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Period of Enlightenment

The document outlines the Period of Enlightenment (1872-1898) in the Philippines, highlighting the rise of nationalism following the execution of three priests and the emergence of the Ilustrados, including key figures like Jose Rizal, Marcelo Del Pilar, and Graciano Lopez Jaena. It also discusses the American Regime (1898-1941), detailing the evolution of Filipino literature from re-orientation to self-discovery as writers adapted to new freedoms and language. Overall, it emphasizes the transition from Spanish colonial rule to independence and the development of a national identity through literature.

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15 views2 pages

Period of Enlightenment

The document outlines the Period of Enlightenment (1872-1898) in the Philippines, highlighting the rise of nationalism following the execution of three priests and the emergence of the Ilustrados, including key figures like Jose Rizal, Marcelo Del Pilar, and Graciano Lopez Jaena. It also discusses the American Regime (1898-1941), detailing the evolution of Filipino literature from re-orientation to self-discovery as writers adapted to new freedoms and language. Overall, it emphasizes the transition from Spanish colonial rule to independence and the development of a national identity through literature.

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morechives
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© © All Rights Reserved
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PERIOD OF ENLIGHTENMENT (1872-1898)

 After 300 years of passivity under Spanish rule, the Filipino spirit reawakened when the
3 priests (Mariano Gomez, Jose Burgos, Jacinto Zamora) were executed without
sufficient evidence of guilt.
 The once religious spirit transformed itself into one of nationalism and the Filipinos
demanded changes in the government and in the church.

ILUSTRADOS – middle-class Filipinos who were intellectual elite during the Spanish colonial
period.
1. Dr. Jose P. Rizal
 Jose Protacio Rizal Mercado Y Alonzo Realonda
 Born: June 19, 1861 at Calamba Laguna
 Died: December 30, 1896
 Last word: Consummatum Est (it is finished)
 Pseudonym/Pen Name: Laong Laan, Dimasalang

NOLI ME TANGERE (Touch Me Not) EL FILIBUSTERISMO (The Reign of Greed)


In this book, he courageously exposed the Exposed those in the government and in the
evils in the Spanish-run government in the church
Philippines (sequel of Noli Me Tangere)
Romantic Novel (Maria Clara and Ibarra) Political Novel
Freshness, Humor, Colorful (Light) Pain, Bitterness
Work of heart Work of Taught
64 chapters 38 chapters

2. Marcelo H. Del Pilar


 Pseudonym/Pen Name: Plaridel, Pupdoh, Dolores Mandapat, Piping Dilat, Siling
Labuyo
 He established the Diariong Tagalog in 1883 where he exposed the evils of the
Spanish government in the Philippines.
a. Kaiingat Kayo (Be Careful)
1. A humorous and sarcastic dig in answer to Fr. Jose Rodriquez in the
novel NOLI of Rizal, published in Barcelona in 1888.
b. Dasalan at Tocsohan (Prayers and Jokes)
2. Similar to a catechism but sarcastically done against the parish priests.
Because of this, del Pilar was called “filibuster.”
3. Written in pamphlets

3. Graciano Lopez Jaena


 Pseudonym/Pen Name: Diego Laura
 He was a Filipino journalist, orator, reformist, and national hero who is well
known for his newspaper, La Solidaridad.
1. Ang Fray Botod (Friar Botod)
1. He exposed how some of the friars were greedy, ambitious and immoral.
AMERICAN REGIME (1898-1941)
 The Filipino Revolutionists won against the Spaniards who colonized us for more than
300 years. Our flag was hoisted on June 12, 1898 as a symbol of our independence.

1. The Period of Re-orientation (1898-1910)


 Writers of this period were still adjusting to the newfound freedom after the
paralyzing effect of repression of thought and speech under the Spanish regime.
 They had to learn that sentence constructions; sounds and speech in English
were not the same as in the vernacular.
2. The Period of Imitation (1910-1924)
1. They were then groping their way into imitation American and British models
which resulted in a stilted, artificial and unnatural style, lacking vitality and
spontaneity.
3. Period of Self-Discovery and Growth (1925-1941)
2. By this time, Filipino writes had acquired the mastery of English writing. They
now confidently and competently wrote on a lot subjects.

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