6.

Trigonometric Identities
Exercise 6.1

1. Question

Prove the following trigonometric identities:

Answer

2. Question

Prove the following trigonometric identities:

Answer

Consider,

(1+cot2A)sin2A

As we know 1+cot2A = cosec2A

Putting the values we get,

(cosec2A)sin2A

As we know,cosec A = 1/sinA

So,

hence proved

3. Question

Prove the following trigonometric identities:

Answer
Hence Proved.

4. Question

Prove the following trigonometric identities:

Answer

Hence Proved.

5. Question

Prove the following trigonometric identities:

Answer

Hence Proved.

6. Question

Prove the following trigonometric identities:

Answer

Hence Proved.

7. Question

Prove the following trigonometric identities:

Answer

Hence Proved.
8. Question

Prove the following trigonometric identities:

Answer

Hence Proved.

9. Question

Prove the following trigonometric identities:

Answer

Hence Proved.

10. Question

Prove the following trigonometric identities:

Answer

Hence Proved.

11. Question

Prove the following trigonometric identities:

Answer

Hence Proved.
12. Question

Prove the following trigonometric identities:

Answer

Hence Proved.

13. Question

Prove the following trigonometric identities:

Answer

Hence Proved.

14. Question

Prove the following trigonometric identities:

Answer

Hence Proved.

15. Question
Prove the following trigonometric identities:

Answer

Consider,

(cosecθ + sinθ)(cosecθ - sinθ)

Apply the formula (a2 - b2) = (a+b)(a-b)

we get,

(cosecθ + sinθ)(cosecθ - sinθ) = cosec2θ - sin2θ

As we know 1+cot2A = cosec2A

and 1-cos2A = sin2A

So,

(cosecθ + sinθ)(cosecθ - sinθ) = (1+cot2A) -(1-cos2A )

= 1+cot2A - 1+cos2A

=cot2A +cos2A

Hence Proved.

16. Question

Prove the following trigonometric identities:

Answer

To prove:

Proof:Use the identity cosec2θ = 1 + cot2θand the formula cosθ=1/ secθ and cosecθ=1/sinθ, tanθ= 1 / cotθcotθ = cosθ / sinθ

Hence Proved.

17. Question

Prove the following trigonometric identities:

Answer

To Prove:

Proof: Use the formula:(a + b) (a - b) = a2 - b2 on (secθ + cosθ ) (secθ - cosθ)

Where a = secθ and b = cosθ

so,

(secθ + cosθ ) (secθ - cosθ) = sec2θ - cos2θ ...... (1)

We know,sec2θ = tan2θ + 1
sin2θ + cos2θ = 1

Use the identities in the eq. (1)(secθ + cosθ ) (secθ - cosθ) = sec2θ - cos2θ

= (tan2θ + 1) - (1 - sin2θ)

= tan2θ + 1 - 1 + sin2θ

= tan2θ + sin2θ Hence proved.

18. Question

Prove the following trigonometric identities:

Answer

Hence Proved.

19. Question

Prove the following trigonometric identities:

Answer

taking LHS

(cosecA-sinA)(secA-cosA)(tanA+cotA)As we know,cosec A = 1/sinAsec A = 1/cos Atan A = sin / cos ASo,

As we know,sin2A+ cos2A = 1

=1

Hence Proved.

20. Question

Prove the following trigonometric identities:

Answer
Hence Proved.

21. Question

Prove the following trigonometric identities:

Answer

Hence Proved.

22. Question

Prove the following trigonometric identities:

=1

Answer

given : =1

To prove : Above equality holds.

Proof: Consider LHS,we know,

using these

Which is equal to RHS.

Hence Proved.

23 A. Question

Prove the following trigonometric identities:

Answer
Hence Proved.

23 B. Question

Prove the following trigonometric identities:

Answer

Hence Proved.

24. Question

Prove the following trigonometric identities:

Answer

Hence Proved.

25. Question

Prove the following trigonometric identities:

Answer

Hence Proved.

26. Question

Prove the following trigonometric identities:

Answer

Hence Proved.

27. Question

Prove the following trigonometric identities:

Answer

Hence Proved.

28. Question

Prove the following trigonometric identities:

Answer

Use the formula:

Hence Proved.

29. Question

Prove the following trigonometric identities:

Answer

Hence Proved.

30. Question

Prove the following trigonometric identities:

Answer

Given :

To prove: Above equality.

Taking LHS Use

= RHSHence Proved.

31. Question

Prove the following trigonometric identities:

Answer

Taking RHS

tan6θ + 3tan2θsec2θ + 1

= (sec2θ - 1)3 + 3(sec2θ - 1)sec2θ + 1

[As, tan2θ = sec2θ - 1]

= (sec6θ - 1 - 3sec4θ + 3sec2θ) + (3sec4θ - 3sec2θ) + 1

[(a + b)3 = a3 - b3 - 3a2b + 3ab2]

= sec6θ= LHSHence Proved.

32. Question

Prove the following trigonometric identities:

Answer
33. Question

Prove the following trigonometric identities:

Answer

Hence Proved.

34. Question

Prove the following trigonometric identities:

Answer

Hence Proved.

35. Question

Prove the following trigonometric identities:

Answer

Hence Proved.
36. Question

Prove the following trigonometric identities:

Answer

Hence Proved.

37. Question

Prove the following trigonometric identities:

Answer

Hence Proved.

38. Question

Prove the following trigonometric identities:

Answer

Hence Proved.

39. Question

Prove the following trigonometric identities:

Answer

Hence Proved.

40. Question

Prove the following trigonometric identities:

Answer

Given:

To prove: Above equality

Proof:Rationalize the LHS,Use sin2x + cos2x =1Solve,

Hence proved

41. Question

Prove the following trigonometric identities:

Answer

Hence Proved.

42. Question

Prove the following trigonometric identities:

Answer
Hence Proved.

43. Question

Prove the following trigonometric identities:

Answer

Hence Proved.

44. Question

Prove the following trigonometric identities:

Answer

Hence Proved.

45. Question

Prove the following trigonometric identities:

Answer
Hence Proved.

46. Question

Prove the following trigonometric identities:

Answer

Hence Proved.

47 A. Question

Prove the following trigonometric identities:

Answer

Hence Proved.

47 B. Question

Prove the following trigonometric identities:

Answer

To Prove:
Dividing the numerator and denominator by cosθ, we get,

Now, we know that, sec2θ - tan2θ = 1

Therefore, replacing 1 by sec2θ - tan2θ in the numerator only, we get,

As we know,a2 - b2 = (a-b)(a+b)

= secθ + tanθNow, multiplying and dividing by secθ - tanθ, we get,

As we know,sec2θ - tan2θ = 1

= R.H.SHence, proved.

47 C. Question

Prove the following trigonometric identities:

Answer

Hence Proved.

48. Question

Prove the following trigonometric identities:

Answer

To prove:

Proof: Consider LHS,

Use the formula:secθ = 1/cos θ and tanθ=sinθ/cosθ

Do rationalization,
Use the formula cos2θ + sin2θ = 1

= - tan AConsider RHS,

Use the formula:secθ = 1/cos θ and tanθ=sinθ/cosθ

Do rationalization,

Use the formula cos2θ + sin2θ = 1

= - tan ALHS = RHSHence proved.

49. Question
Prove the following trigonometric identities:

Answer

Hence Proved.

50. Question

Prove the following trigonometric identities:

Answer

To prove:

Use the formula

Hence Proved.

51. Question

Prove the following trigonometric identities:

Answer

Hence Proved.

52. Question

Prove the following trigonometric identities:

Answer
Hence Proved.

53. Question

Prove the following trigonometric identities:

Answer

Hence Proved.

54. Question

Prove the following trigonometric identities:

Answer

Hence Proved.

55. Question

If prove that

Answer
Hence Proved.

56. Question

Prove the following trigonometric identities:

Answer

Hence Proved.

57. Question

Prove the following trigonometric identities:

Answer
Hence Proved.

58. Question

Prove the following trigonometric identities:

Answer
Hence Proved.

59. Question

Prove the following trigonometric identities:

Answer

Hence Proved.

60. Question

Prove the following trigonometric identities:

Answer
Hence Proved.

61. Question

Prove the following trigonometric identities:

Answer

Therefore, LHS = RHS

Hence Proved.

62. Question

Prove the following trigonometric identities:

Answer

To prove:

Proof: Consider LHS,(secA-cosecA)(1+tanA+cotA)We know,cosecA=1/sinA, secA=1/cosA, tanA=sinA/cosA,cotA=cosA/sinASo,

Using the formula a3 - b3 = (a-b) (a2+b2+ab) we get,

LHS = RHS

Hence Proved.

63. Question

Prove the following trigonometric identities:

Answer

Hence Proved.

64. Question

Prove the following trigonometric identities:

Answer
Hence Proved.

65. Question

Prove the following trigonometric identities:

Answer

Hence Proved.

66. Question

Prove the following trigonometric identities:

Answer

Hence Proved.

67. Question

Prove the following trigonometric identities:

Answer
From (1) and (2) we get

LHS = RHS

Hence Proved.

68. Question

Prove the following trigonometric identities:

Answer

To Prove:

Proof:Consider the LHS,

= sinA - cosA+ cotA sinA - cotA cosA + tanA sinA - tanA cosA

Use the formula:

We know:

So,

Again use the formula:

So,

Use the formula:

Therefore,

Hence Proved.

69. Question

Prove the following trigonometric identities:

Answer

To prove: Proof: Take LHS,Use the identity sin2θ+cos2θ=1

sin2A cos2B - cos2A sin2B= sin2A(1 – sin2B) – (1 – sin2A)sin2B = sin2A – sin2A

sin2B – sin2B + sin2A sin2B

= sin2A – sin2B = RHSHence Proved

70. Question

Prove the following trigonometric identities:

Answer
Use the formula

Hence Proved.

71. Question

Prove the following trigonometric identities:

Answer

Hence Proved.

72. Question

Prove the following trigonometric identities:

Answer

Hence Proved.

73. Question

Prove the following trigonometric identities:

Answer
Hence Proved.

74. Question

If and prove that

Answer

Hence Proved.

75. Question

and , prove that .

Answer

Hence Proved.

76. Question

If cosecθ - sinθ = a3, secθ - cosθ = b3, prove that a2b2(a2 + b2).

Answer

Similarly we can see that,

From (1) and (2), we get

Hence Proved.

77. Question

If , , prove that

Answer

Hence Proved.

78. Question

If , prove that .

Answer

79. Question

If , prove that .
Answer

Hence Proved.

80. Question

If and , prove that

Answer

Hence Proved.

81. Question

If and , prove that .

Answer

Hence Proved.

82. Question

If , prove that

Answer

Consider,cos A+ cos2A = 1⇒cosA = 1 - cos2A As we know 1-cos2A = sin2A⇒ cosA = sin2A .... (1)Now sin2A + sin4A = sin2A +
(sin2A)2 From 1sin2A + sin4A = sin2A + ( cosA)2 = sin2A + cos2A =1

Hence Proved.

83. Question

Prove that:

(i)

(ii)

(iii)

(iv)

Answer
(i)

Hence Proved.

(ii)

Hence Proved.

(iii)

Hence Proved.

(iv)
Hence Proved.

84. Question

If , prove that

Answer

Hence Proved.

85. Question

Given that:

Show that one of the values of each member of this equality is sin sin sin

Answer
Hence Proved.

86. Question

If prove that

Answer

Hence Proved.

87. Question

If , and , show that

Answer
Hence Proved.

Exercise 6.2

1. Question

If , find all other trigonometric ratios of angle .

Answer

Hence Proved.

2. Question

If , find all other trigonometric ratios of angle

Answer

3. Question

If , find the value of

Answer
4. Question

If , find the value of

Answer

5. Question
If , find the value of

Answer

6. Question

If , find the value of

Answer

Now,

7. Question

If , find the value of

Answer

Now,
8. Question

If , find the value of

Answer

Now,

9. Question

If , find the value of

Answer

10. Question

If , find the value of

Answer

11. Question

If , find the value of

Answer
12. Question

If , find .

Answer

CCE - Formative Assessment

1. Question

Define an identity.

Answer

An equation that is true for all values of the variables involved is said to be an identity. For example:

a2 – b2 = (a – b) (a + b)

sin2 θ + cos2 θ = 1

2. Question

What is the value of (1 – cos2θ) cosec2θ?

Answer

To find: (1 – cos2 θ) cosec2 θ

…………(i)

∵ sin2 θ + cos2 θ = 1

∴ sin2 θ = 1 – cos2 θ

⇒ from (i), we have

3. Question

What is the value of (1 + cot2θ) sin2θ?

Answer
To find: (1 + cot2θ) sin2θ

∵ 1 + cot2 θ = cosec2 θ

∴ (1 + cot2θ) sin2θ = cosec2 θ sin2 θ

Also,

4. Question

What is the value of ?

Answer

To find:

∵ 1 + tan2 θ = sec2 θ

Also, we know that

Also,

∵ sin2 θ + cos2 θ = 1

5. Question

If sec θ + tanθ = x, write the value of sec θ − tan θ in terms of x.

Answer

Given: sec θ + tan θ = x ……………(i)

To find: sec θ – tan θ

We know that 1 + tan2 θ = sec2 θ

⇒ 1 = sec2 θ – tan2 θ

Now, ∵ a2 – b2 = (a – b) (a + b)

⇒ 1 = sec2 θ – tan2 θ = (sec θ – tan θ) (sec θ + tan θ)

⇒ From (i), we have

1 = (sec θ – tan θ) x

6. Question

If cosec θ − cot θ = α, write the value of cosec θ + cot α.

Answer
Given: cosec θ – cot θ = α ………………(i)

To find: cosec θ + cot θ

We know that 1 + cot2 θ = cosec2 θ

⇒ 1 = cosec2 θ – cot2 θ

Now, ∵ a2 – b2 = (a – b) (a + b)

⇒ 1 = cosec2 θ – cot2 θ = (cosec θ – cot θ) (cosec θ + cot θ)

⇒ From (i), we have

1 = α (cosec θ + cot θ)

7. Question

Write the value of cosec2 (90° − θ) − tan2θ.

Answer

To find: cosec2 (90° − θ) − tan2θ

∵ cosec (90° – θ) = sec θ

∴ cosec2 (90° – θ) = sec2 θ

⇒ cosec2 (90° θ) − tan2 θ = sec2 θ – tan2 θ

Now, ∵ 1 + tan2 θ = sec2 θ

∴ cosec2 (90° − θ) − tan2 θ = sec2 θ – tan2 θ

= 1 + tan2 θ – tan2 θ = 1

8. Question

Write the value of sin A cos (90° − A) + cos A sin (90° − A).

Answer

To find: sin A cos (90° − A) + cos A sin (90° − A)

∵ cos (90° – A) = sin A and sin (90° – A) = cos A ……………(i)

∴ sin A cos (90° − A) + cos A sin (90° − A)

= sin A sin A + cos A cos A [Using (i)]

= sin2 A + cos2 A

Now, ∵ sin2 θ + cos2 θ = 1

∴ sin A cos (90° − A) + cos A sin (90° − A)

= sin2 A + cos2 A = 1

9. Question

Write the value of .

Answer

To find:

∵
Also, we know that 1 + cot2 θ = cosec2 θ

⇒ cot2 θ – cosec2 θ = – 1

10. Question

If x = a sin θ and y = b cos θ, what is the value of b2x2 + a2y2 ?

Answer

Given: x = a sin θ and y = b cos θ

⇒ x2 = a2 sin2 θ and y2 = b2 cos2 θ ………(i)

To find: b2x2 + a2y2

Consider b2x2 + a2y2 = b2 a2 sin2 θ + a2 b2 cos2 θ

= a2 b2 (sin2 θ + cos2 θ)

= a2 b2 (1) [∵ sin2 θ + cos2 θ = 1]

= a2 b2

11. Question

If , what is the value of cot θ + cosec θ?

Answer

Given:

To find: cot θ + cosec θ

∵ sin2 θ + cos2 θ = 1

∴ cos2 θ = 1 – sin2 θ

Now, as

Also,

12. Question

What is the value of 9 cot2θ − 9 cosec2θ?

Answer

To find: 9 cot2 θ – 9 cosec2 θ

Consider 9 cot2 θ – 9 cosec2 θ = 9 (cot2 θ – cosec2 θ)

Now ∵ 1 + cot2 θ = cosec2 θ

⇒ cot2 θ – cosec2 θ = – 1

⇒ 9 cot2 θ – 9 cosec2 θ = 9 (cot2 θ – cosec2 θ) = 9 ( – 1) = – 9

13. Question

What is the value of ?

Answer

To find:

Now, as 1 + tan2 θ = sec2 θ

⇒ tan2 θ – sec2 θ = – 1

14. Question

What is the value of ?

Answer

To find:

We know that 1 + tan2 θ = sec2 θ

And 1 + cot2 θ = cosec2 θ

⇒ tan2 θ – sec2 θ = – 1

And cot2 θ – cosec2 θ = – 1

15. Question

What is the value of (1 + tan2θ) (1 − sin θ) (1 + sin θ)?

Answer

To find: (1 + tan2θ) (1 − sin θ) (1 + sin θ)

∵ (a – b) (a + b) = a2 – b2

∴ (1 + tan2θ) (1 − sin θ) (1 + sin θ)

= (1 + tan2 θ) (1 – sin2 θ)

Now, as sin2 θ + cos2 θ = 1

⇒ 1 – sin2 θ = cos2 θ ……………………(i)

Also, we know that 1 + tan2 θ = sec2 θ …………………(ii)

Using (i) and (ii), we have

(1 + tan2θ) (1 − sin θ) (1 + sin θ)

= (1 + tan2 θ) (1 – sin2 θ)

= sec2 θ cos2 θ

⇒ (1 + tan2 θ) (1 − sin θ) (1 + sin θ)

= sec2 θ cos2 θ

16. Question

If , find the value of tan A + cot A.

Answer

Given:

To find: tan A + cot A

∵ sin2 A + cos2 A = 1

⇒ sin2 A = 1 – cos2 A

Now, as

And

17. Question

If , then find the value of 2 cot2θ + 2.

Answer

Given:

To find: The value of 2 cot2 θ + 2.

Solution:

⇒ cosec2 θ = 32 = 9
Also, 1 + cot2 θ = cosec2 θ

⇒ cot2 θ = cosec2 θ – 1 = 9 – 1 = 8

⇒ 2 cot2 θ + 2 = 2 (8) + 2 = 16 + 2 = 18Hence, the value of 2 cot2 θ + 2 is 18.

18. Question

If , then find the value of 9 tan2θ + 9.

Answer

Given:

To find: 9 tan2 θ + 9

Also, we know that 1 + tan2 θ = sec2 θ

19. Question

If sec2θ (1 + sin θ) (1 − sin θ) = k, then find the value of k.

Answer

Given: sec2θ (1 + sin θ) (1 − sin θ) = k

To find: k

Consider sec2θ (1 + sin θ) (1 − sin θ)

∵ (a – b) (a + b) = a2 – b2

∴ sec2θ (1 + sin θ) (1 − sin θ) = sec2 θ (1 – sin2 θ)

Now, as sin2 θ + cos2 θ = 1

⇒ cos2 θ = 1 – sin2 θ

⇒ sec2 θ (1 + sin θ) (1 − sin θ) = sec2 θ (1 – sin2 θ)

= sec2 θ cos2 θ

Now, ∵

⇒ sec2 θ (1 + sin θ) (1 − sin θ) = sec2 θ (1 – sin2 θ)

= sec2 θ cos2 θ

⇒k=1

20. Question

If cosec2θ (1 + cos θ) (1 − cos θ) = λ, then find the value of λ.

Answer

Given: cosec2θ (1 + cos θ) (1 − cos θ) = λ

To find: λ

Consider cosec2θ (1 + cos θ) (1 − cos θ)

∵ (a – b) (a + b) = a2 – b2

∴ cosec2θ (1 + cos θ) (1 − cos θ) = cosec2 θ (1 – cos2 θ)

Now, as sin2 θ + cos2 θ = 1

⇒ sin2 θ = 1 – cos2 θ

⇒ cosec2θ (1 + cos θ) (1 − cos θ) = cosec2 θ (1 – cos2 θ)

= cosec2 θ sin2 θ

Now, ∵

⇒ cosec2 θ (1 + cos θ) (1 − cos θ) = cosec2 θ (1 – cos2 θ)

= cosec2 θ sin2 θ

21. Question

If sin2θ cos2θ (1 + tan2θ) (1 + cot2θ) = λ, then find the value of λ.

Answer

Given: sin2θ cos2θ (1 + tan2θ) (1 + cot2θ) = λ

To find: λ

We know that 1 + tan2 θ = sec2 θ

And 1 + cot2 θ = cosec2 θ

⇒ sin2θ cos2θ (1 + tan2θ) (1 + cot2θ)

= sin2 θ cos2 θ sec2 θ cosec2 θ

Now, ∵

And ∵

⇒ sin2 θ cos2 θ (1 + tan2 θ) (1 + cot2 θ)

= sin2 θ cos2 θ sec2 θ cosec2 θ

⇒λ=1

22. Question
If 5x = sec θ and , find the value of .

Answer

Given: 5x = sec θ

………(i)

And

………(ii)

To find:

Consider [Using (i)]

[Using (ii)]

Now, as 1 + tan2 θ = sec2 θ

⇒ 1 = sec2 θ – tan2 θ

23. Question

If cosec θ = 2x and , find the value of

Answer

Given: cosec θ = 2x

…………………(i)

And

…………………(ii)

To find:
Consider [Using (i)]

[Using (ii)]

Now, as 1 + cot2 θ = cosec2 θ

⇒ 1 = cosec2 θ – cot2 θ

1. Question

If sec θ + tan θ = x, then sec θ =

A.

B.

C.

D.

Answer

Given: sec θ + tan θ = x ……………(i)

To find: sec θ

We know that 1 + tan2 θ = sec2 θ

⇒ sec2 θ – tan2 θ = 1

∵ a2 – b2 = (a – b) (a + b)

∴ sec2 θ – tan2 θ = (sec θ – tan θ) (sec θ + tan θ) = 1

⇒ From (i), we have

⇒ (sec θ – tan θ) x = 1

…………………(ii)

Adding (i) and (ii), we get

2. Question

If sec θ + tan θ = x, then tan θ =

A.

B.

C.

D.

Answer

Given: sec θ + tan θ = x ……………(i)

To find: tan θ

We know that 1 + tan2 θ = sec2 θ

⇒ sec2 θ – tan2 θ = 1

∵ a2 – b2 = (a – b) (a + b)

∴ sec2 θ – tan2 θ = (sec θ – tan θ) (sec θ + tan θ) = 1

⇒ From (i), we have

⇒ (sec θ – tan θ) x = 1

…………………(ii)

Subtracting (ii) from (i), we get

3. Question

is equal to

A. sec θ + tan θ

B. sec θ − tan θ

C. sec2θ + tan2θ

D. sec2θ − tan2θ

Answer

Note: Since all the options involve the trigonometric ratios sec θ and tan θ, so we divide the whole term (numerator as well as
denominator) by cos θ.

To find:

Consider
Dividing numerator and denominator by cos θ, we get

Rationalizing the term by multiplying it by ,

Now, as 1 + tan2 θ = sec2 θ

⇒ sec2 θ – tan2 θ = 1

4. Question

The value of is

A. cot θ − cosec θ

B. cosec θ + cot θ

C. cosec2θ + cot2θ

D. (cot θ + cosec θ)2

Answer

Note: Since all the options involve the trigonometric ratios cosec θ and cot θ, so we divide the whole term (numerator as well as
denominator) by sin θ.

To find:

Consider

Dividing numerator and denominator by sin θ, we get

Rationalizing the term by multiplying it by ,

Now, as 1 + cot2 θ = cosec2 θ

⇒ cosec2 θ – cot2 θ = 1

5. Question

sec4 A − sec2 A is equal to

A. tan2 A − tan4 A

B. tan4 A − tan2 A

C. tan4 A + tan2 A

D. tan2 A + tan4 A

Answer

Note: Since all the options involve the trigonometric ratio tan θ, so we use the identity 1 + tan2 θ = sec2 θ.

To find: sec4 A – sec2 A

Consider sec4 A – sec2 A = (sec2 A)2 – sec2 A

Now, as sec2 A = 1 + tan2 A

⇒ sec4 A – sec2 A = (sec2 A)2 – sec2 A

= (1 + tan2 A)2 – (1 + tan2 A)

= 1 + tan4 A + 2 tan2 A – 1 – tan2 A

= tan4 A + tan2 A

6. Question

cos4 A − sin4 A is equal to

A. 2 cos2 A + 1

B. 2 cos2 A − 1

C. 2 sin2 A − 1

D. 2 sin2 A + 1

Answer

To find: cos4 A – sin4 A

Consider cos4 A – sin4 A = (cos2 A)2 – (sin2 A)2

∵ a2 – b2 = (a – b) (a + b)
∴ cos4 A – sin4 A = (cos2 A)2 – (sin2 A)2

= (cos2 A – sin2 A) (cos2 A + sin2 A)

= (cos2 A – sin2 A) [∵ cos2 A + sin2 A = 1]

= cos2 A – (1 – cos2 A) [∵ sin2A = 1 – cos2A]

= cos2 A – 1 + cos2 A = 2 cos2 A – 1

7. Question

is equal to

A.

B.

C.

D.

Answer

To find:

Consider

Rationalizing the above fraction by (1 – cos θ),

[∵ (a – b) (a + b) = a2 – b2]

∵ sin2 θ + cos2 θ = 1

⇒ sin2 θ = 1 – cos2 θ

8. Question

is equal to

A. 0

B. 1

C. sin θ + cos θ

D. sin θ − cos θ

Answer

Given:
To find:The value of

Solution:

Use:

So,

Using the identity,

a2 – b2 = (a – b) (a + b)

9. Question

The value of (1 + cot θ − cosec θ) (1 + tan θ + sec θ) is

A. 1

B. 2

C. 4

D. 0

Answer

To find: (1 + cot θ − cosec θ) (1 + tan θ + sec θ)

Consider (1 + cot θ − cosec θ) (1 + tan θ + sec θ)

[∵ (a – b) (a + b) = a2 – b2]

[∵ sin2 θ + cos2 θ = 1]
10. Question

is equal to

A. 2 tan θ

B. 2 sec θ

C. 2 cosec θ

D. 2 tan θ sec θ

Answer

To find:

Consider

[∵ sin2 θ = 1 – cos2 θ]

11. Question

(cosec θ − sin θ) (sec θ − cos θ) (tan θ + cot θ) is equal

A. 0

B. 1

C. −1

D. None of these

Answer

To find: (cosec θ – sin θ) (sec θ – cos θ) (tan θ + cot θ)

∴ (cosec θ – sin θ) (sec θ – cos θ) (tan θ + cot θ)

Now, as sin2 θ + cos 2 θ = 1

⇒ sin2 θ = 1 – cos2 θ

And cos2 θ = 1 – sin2 θ

Hence the answer is 'B'

12. Question

If x = a cos θ and y = b sin θ, then b2x2 + a2y2 =

A. a2b2

B. ab

C. a4b4

D. a2 + b2

Answer

Given: x = a sin θ and y = b cos θ

⇒ x2 = a2 sin2 θ and y2 = b2 cos2 θ …………………(i)

To find: b2x2 + a2y2

Consider b2x2 + a2y2 = b2 a2 sin2 θ + a2 b2 cos2 θ

= a2 b2 (sin2 θ + cos2 θ)

= a2 b2 (1) [∵ sin2 θ + cos2 θ = 1]

= a2 b2

13. Question

If x = a sec θ and y = b tan θ, then b2x2− a2y2 =

A. ab

B. a2− b2

C. a2 + b2

D. a2 b2

Answer

Given: x = a sec θ and y = b tan θ

⇒ x2 = a2 sec2 θ and y2 = b2 tan2 θ ……………………(i)

To find: b2x2 – a2y2

Consider b2x2 – a2y2 = b2 a2 sec2 θ – a2 b2 tan2 θ

= a2 b2 (sec2 θ – tan2 θ)

= a2 b2 (1) [∵ sec2 θ – tan2 θ = 1]

= a2 b2

14. Question

is equal to
A. 0

B. 1

C. −1

D. 2

Answer

To find:

Consider

15. Question

2(sin6θ + cos6θ) − 3(sin4θ + cos4θ) is equal to

A. 0

B. 1

C. −1

D. None of these

Answer

To find: 2(sin6 θ + cos6 θ) – 3(sin4 θ + cos4 θ)

First, we consider

sin6 θ + cos6 θ = (sin2 θ)3 + (cos2 θ)3

Now, as (a + b)3 = a3 + b3 + 3a2b + 3ab2

⇒ a3 + b3 = (a + b)3 – 3a2b – 3ab2

⇒ sin6 θ + cos6 θ

= (sin2 θ)3 + (cos2 θ)3

= (sin2 θ + cos2 θ)3 – 3 (sin2 θ)2 cos2 θ – 3 sin2 θ (cos2 θ)2

= 1 – 3 sin4 θ cos2 θ – 3 sin2 θ cos4 θ [∵ sin2 θ + cos2 θ = 1]

= 1 – 3 sin2 θ cos2 θ (sin2 θ + cos2 θ)

= 1 – 3 sin2 θ cos2 θ [∵ sin2 θ + cos2 θ = 1] ………(i)

Next, we consider

sin4 θ + cos4 θ = (sin2 θ)2 + (cos2 θ)2

Now, as (a + b)2 = a2 + b2 + 2ab

⇒ a2 + b2 = (a + b)2 – 2ab

⇒sin4 θ + cos4 θ

= (sin2 θ)2 + (cos2 θ)2

= (sin2 θ + cos2 θ)2 – 2 sin2 θ cos2 θ

= 1 – 2 sin2 θ cos2 θ [∵ sin2 θ + cos2 θ = 1] ………(ii)

Now, using (i) and (ii), we have

2(sin6 θ + cos6 θ) – 3(sin4 θ + cos4 θ)

= 2(1 – 3 sin2 θ cos2 θ) – 3(1 – 2 sin2 θ cos2 θ)

= 2 – 6 sin2 θ cos2 θ – 3 + 6 sin2 θ cos2 θ

=2–3=–1

16. Question

If a cos θ + b sin θ and a sin θ − b cos θ = 3, then a2 + b2 =

A. 7

B. 12

C. 25

D. None of these

Answer

Given: a cos θ + b sin θ = 4

Squaring both sides, we get

(a cos θ + b sin θ)2 = 42

⇒ a2 cos2 θ + b2 sin2 θ + 2ab sin θ cos θ = 16 ………(i)

and a sin θ – b cos θ = 3

Squaring both sides, we get

(a sin θ – b cos θ)2 = 32

⇒ a2 sin2 θ + b2 cos2 θ – 2ab sin θ cos θ = 9 ………(ii)

To find: a2 + b2

Adding (i) and (ii), we get

a2 cos2 θ + b2 sin2 θ + 2ab sin θ cos θ

+ a2 sin2 θ + b2 cos2 θ – 2ab sin θ cos θ = 16 + 9

⇒ a2 (sin2 θ + cos2 θ) + b2 (sin2 θ + cos2 θ) = 25

⇒ a2 + b2 = 25 [∵ sin2 θ + cos2 θ = 1]

17. Question

If a cot θ + b cosec θ = p and b cot θ + a cosec θ = q, then p2− q2 =

A. a2− b2

B. b2− a2

C. a2 + b2

D. b − a

Answer

Given: a cot θ + b cosec θ = p

Squaring both sides, we get

(a cot θ + b cosec θ)2 = p2

⇒ a2 cot2 θ + b2 cosec2 θ + 2ab cot θ cosec θ = p2 ……(i)

and b cot θ + a cosec θ = q

Squaring both sides, we get

(b cot θ + a cosec θ)2 = q2

⇒ b2 cot2 θ + a2 cosec2 θ + 2ab cot θ cosec θ = q2 ……(ii)

To find: p2 – q2

Subtracting (ii) from (i), we get

a2 cot2 θ + b2 cosec2 θ + 2ab cot θ cosec θ – b2 cot2 θ – a2 cosec2 θ – 2ab cot θ cosec θ = p2 – q2

⇒ P2 – q2 = a2 (cot2 θ – cosec2 θ) + b2 (cosec2 θ – cot2 θ)

= a2 ( – 1) + b2 (1) [∵1 = cosec2 θ – cot2 θ]

= b2 – a2

18. Question

The value of sin2 29° + sin2 61° is

A. 1

B. 0

C. 2 sin2 29°

D. 2 cos2 61

Answer

To find: sin2 29° + sin261°

Consider sin2 29° + sin261°

∵ 29 = 90 – 61

∴ sin2 29° + sin261° = sin2 (90° – 61°) + sin2 61°

Now, as sin (90° – θ) = cos θ

⇒ sin2 29° + sin261° = sin2 (90° – 61°) + sin2 61°

= cos2 61° + sin2 61°

= 1 [sin2 θ + cos2 θ = 1]

19. Question

If x = r sin θ cos φ, y = r sin θ sin φ and z = r cos θ, then

A. x2 + y2 + z2 = r2

B. x2 + y2− z2 = r2

C. x2− y2 + z2 = r2

D. z2 + y2− x2 = r2

Answer

Given: x = r sin θ cos ϕ, y = r sin θ sin φ and z = r cos θ,

Solution:x = r sin θ cos ϕ

Squaring both sides, we get

x2 = r2 sin2 θ cos2ϕ ……….(i)

and y = r sin θ sin ϕ

Squaring both sides, we get

⇒ y2 = r2 sin2 θ sin2ϕ ……….(ii)

z = r cos θSquaring both sides, we get

⇒ z2 = r2 cos2 θ ……….(iii)

Adding (i), (ii) and (iii), we get

x2 + y2 + z2 = r2 sin2 θ cos2ϕ + r2 sin2 θ sin2ϕ + r2 cos2 θ

= r2 (sin2 θ cos2ϕ + sin2 θ sin2ϕ + cos2 θ)

= r2 [sin2 θ (cos2ϕ + sin2ϕ) + cos2 θ]

∵ sin2 θ + cos2 θ = 1

= r2 [sin2 θ + cos2 θ]

Again apply the identity sin2 θ + cos2 θ = 1

= r2 Hence x2 + y2 + z2 = r2

20. Question

If sin θ + sin2 = 1, then cos2θ + cos4θ =

A. −1

B. 1

C. 0

D. None of these

Answer

Given: sin θ + sin2 θ = 1

⇒ sin θ = 1 – sin2 θ = cos2 θ [∵ sin2 θ + cos2 θ = 1]……(i)

⇒ Sin2 θ = (cos2 θ)2 = cos4 θ ……(ii)

To find: cos2 θ + cos4 θ

Consider cos2 θ + cos4 θ = sin θ + sin2 θ [Using (i) and (ii)]

= 1 [Given]

21. Question

If a cos θ + b sin θ = m and a sin θ − b cos θ = n, then a2 + b2 =

A. m2− n2

B. m2n2

C. n2− m2

D. m2 + n2

Answer

Given: a cos θ + b sin θ = m

Squaring both sides, we get

(a cos θ + b sin θ)2 = m2

⇒ a2 cos2 θ + b2 sin2 θ + 2ab cos θ sin θ = m2 ……(i)

And a sin θ – b cos θ = n

Squaring both sides, we get

(a sin θ – b cos θ)2 = n2

⇒ a2 sin2 θ + b2 cos2 θ – 2ab sin θ cos θ = n2 ……(ii)

To find: a2 + b2

Adding (i) and (ii), we get

a2 cos2 θ + b2 sin2 θ + 2ab cos θ sin θ + a2 sin2 θ + b2 cos2 θ – 2ab sin θ cos θ = m2 + n2

⇒ a2 (cos2 θ + sin2 θ) + b2 (sin2 θ + cos2 θ) = m2 + n2

⇒ a2 + b2 = m2 + n2 [∵ sin2 θ + cos2 θ = 1]

22. Question

If cos A + cos2 A = 1, then sin2 A + sin4 A

A. −1

B. 0

C. 1

D. None of these

Answer

Given: cos A + cos2 A = 1

⇒ cos A = 1 – cos2 A = sin2 A [∵ sin2 A + cos2 A = 1]……(i)

Squaring both sides, we get

⇒ cos2 A = (sin2 A)2 = sin4 A ……(ii)

To find: sin2 A + sin4 A

Consider sin2 A + sin4 A = cos A + cos2 A [From (i) and (ii)]

=1

23. Question

If x = a sec θ cos φ, y = b sec θ sin φ and z = c tan θ, then

A.

B.

C.

D.

Answer

Given: x a sec θ cos ϕ

Squaring both sides, we get

x2 = a2 sec2 θ cos2ϕ

and y = b sec θ sin ϕ

Squaring both sides, we get

y2 = b2 sec2 θ sin2ϕ

And z = c tan θ

⇒ z2 = c2 tan2 θ

………(i)

To find:

Consider

= sec2 θ cos2ϕ + sec2 θ sin2ϕ

= sec2 θ (cos2ϕ + sin2ϕ)

= sec2 θ [∵ sin2ϕ + cos2ϕ = 1]

= 1 + tan2 θ [∵ 1 + tan2 θ = sec2 θ]

24. Question

If a cos θ − b sin θ = c, then a sin θ + b cos θ =

A.

B.

C.

D. None of these

Answer

Given: a cos θ – b sin θ = c

To find: a sin θ + b cos θ

Consider a cos θ – b sin θ = c

Squaring both sides, we get

(a cos θ – b sin θ)2 = c2

∵ (a – b)2 = a2 + b2 – 2ab

∴ a cos θ – b sin θ = c

⇒ a2 cos2 θ + b2 sin2 θ – 2ab sinθ cos θ = c2 ……(i)

Now, ∵ sin2 θ + cos2 θ = 1

∴ sin2 θ = 1 – cos2 θ and cos2 θ = 1 – sin2 θ

⇒ From (i), we have

⇒ a2 (1 – sin2 θ) + b2 (1 – cos2 θ) – 2ab sin θ cos θ = c2

⇒ a2 – a2 sin2 θ + b2 – b2 cos2 θ – 2ab sin θ cos θ = c2

⇒ a2 + b2 – (a2 sin2 θ + b2 cos2 θ + 2ab sin θ cos θ) = c2

⇒ – (a2 sin2 θ + b2 cos2 θ + 2ab sin θ cos θ) = c2 – a2 – b2

⇒ a2 sin2 θ + b2 cos2 θ + 2ab sin θ cos θ = a2 + b2 – c2

⇒ (a sin θ)2 + (b cos θ)2 + 2 (a sin θ) (b cos θ) = a2 + b2 – c2

⇒ (a sin θ + b cos θ)2 = a2 + b2 – c2

25. Question

9 sec2 A − 9 tan2 A is equal to

A. 1

B. 9

C. 8

D. 0

Answer

To find: 9 sec2 A – 9 tan2 A

Consider 9 sec2 A – 9 tan2 A = 9 (sec2 A – tan2 A)

∵ 1 + tan2 A = sec2 A

∴ 9 sec2 A – 9 tan2 A = 9 (sec2 A – tan2 A)

= 9 (1 + tan2 A – tan2 A) = 9

26. Question

(1 + tan θ + sec θ) (1 + cot θ − cosec θ) =

A. 0

B. 1

C. 1

D. −1

Answer

To find: (1 + tan θ + sec θ) (1 + cot θ − cosec θ)

Consider (1 + tan θ + sec θ) (1 + cot θ − cosec θ)

[∵ (a – b) (a + b) = a2 – b2]

[∵ sin2 θ + cos2 θ = 1]

27. Question

(sec A + tan A) (1 − sin A) =

A. sec A

B. sin A

C. cosec A

D. cos A

Answer

To find: (sec A + tan A) (1 − sin A)

Consider (sec A + tan A) (1 − sin A)

We know that

∵ (a + b) (a – b) = a2 – b2

Also, sin2 A + cos2 A = 1 ⇒ 1 – sin2 A = cos2 A

28. Question

is equal to

A. sec2 A

B. −1

C. cot2 A

D. tan2 A

Answer

To find:

Consider

∵ 1 + tan2 A = sec2 A and 1 + cot2 A = cosec2 A