Scribd
Upload
3 views

android_overview

Android is an open-source operating system developed by Google for touchscreen devices, based on a modified Linux kernel. It has evolved since its inception in 2005, featuring a multi-layer architecture and various versions with unique enhancements. Its flexibility, customizability, and extensive developer support have made it the most widely used mobile operating system globally.

Uploaded by

dev.gerardocd
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
3 views

android_overview

Android is an open-source operating system developed by Google for touchscreen devices, based on a modified Linux kernel. It has evolved since its inception in 2005, featuring a multi-layer architecture and various versions with unique enhancements. Its flexibility, customizability, and extensive developer support have made it the most widely used mobile operating system globally.

Uploaded by

dev.gerardocd
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 2

Introduction to Android

What is Android?
Android is an open-source operating system developed by Google, designed primarily for
touchscreen mobile devices such as smartphones and tablets. It is based on a modified version of
the Linux kernel and other open-source software.

History of Android
Android was initially developed by Android Inc., which was later acquired by Google in 2005. The
first commercial Android device, the HTC Dream, was launched in 2008. Over the years, Android
has evolved with numerous versions, each bringing new features and improvements.

Android Architecture
Android's architecture is composed of several layers:
- Linux Kernel: Handles core system services like security, memory management, and hardware
drivers.
- Hardware Abstraction Layer (HAL): Provides standard interfaces for hardware components.
- Android Runtime (ART): Executes Android applications and manages memory.
- Application Framework: Includes APIs for UI, sensors, location, and more.
- Applications: The top layer where end-user applications run.

Features of Android
- Open-source: Allows developers to modify and distribute their own versions.
- Customizable UI: Supports various skins and themes.
- Multitasking: Runs multiple applications simultaneously.
- Google Services: Integrated with Google applications such as Maps, Gmail, and Play Store.
- Security Features: Includes app sandboxing, Google Play Protect, and regular updates.

Android Development
Developers create Android apps using programming languages such as Kotlin, Java, and Dart
(Flutter). Android Studio is the official IDE for development. Apps are packaged as APK files and
distributed via the Google Play Store or other means.
Android Versions
Android has gone through multiple versions, each with unique features. Some notable versions
include:
- Android 4.0 (Ice Cream Sandwich) - Improved UI and multitasking.
- Android 5.0 (Lollipop) - Introduced Material Design.
- Android 6.0 (Marshmallow) - Improved app permissions.
- Android 10 - Introduced system-wide dark mode.
- Android 12 - Enhanced privacy controls and UI changes.

Conclusion
Android has become the most widely used mobile operating system worldwide, thanks to its
flexibility, open-source nature, and extensive developer support. With continuous improvements, it
remains a dominant platform in the mobile industry.

You might also like