Section 6.

1 - Linear Systems ♦ 223

1.6
6.1 RadicalSystems
Linear Equations

Many problems in mathematics are defined with two equations called a system of linear equations. These are
are sets of equations with two variables that are solved all at once. This section will show three strategies for
solving these systems: graphing, addition, and substitution. Outside of the classroom, examples of linear systems
could be comparing membership plans at a local gym, or calculating the travel costs of taxis versus ride sharing.

Solving a Linear System by Graphing

Graphing a system of linear equations shows a visual picture of the problem and a solution to the system. A
linear system may have no solutions, one solution or an infinite number of solutions.

1. Rewrite each equation in either slope-intercept form or standard form.

2. Graph both equations on the same grid.
3. Identify the point of intersection of the two graphs. The solution of the system is the ordered pair of the
point of intersection.
4. Check the solution algebraically by substituting the ordered pair into each equation of the original system.
5. Label the point of intersection.

Example 1 Solve the system by graphing.

a) x - 3y = 6 and 2x + y = 5 b) 3x - y = 3 and - 3x + y = 6
c) x - 2y = 6 and - 2x + 4y =- 12
y

►Solution: a) x - 3y = 6 : x y 2x + y = 5 : x y
0 -2 0 5
6 0 2.5 0 x
(3, -1)
-3 -3 4 -3

Graphing the two lines shows an intersection at ^3, - 1 h .

y

b) 3x - y = 3 : x y - 3x + y = 6 : x y
0 -3 0 6
1 0 -2 0 x
3 6 -4 -6

Graphing the two lines shows no intersection points.

y
c) x - 2y = 6 : x y - 2x + 4y =- 12 : x y
0 -3 0 -3
6 0 6 0 x
-4 -5 -4 -5

Graphing the two lines shows infinite intersection points.

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224 ♦ Chapter 6 - Linear and Quadratic Systems

Solving a system by graphing is limited by the accuracy of the graph. When the intersecting point is not an
exact integer, it is difficult to determine the coordinates from the graph. Solving a system algebraically does
not depend on a graph, and always gives accurate coordinates. The method used to solve a system algebraically
is an extension of the addition property used to solve an equation for a single variable.

Solving a Linear System by the Addition Method

1. Write the equations of the system in general form ax + by = c .

2. Multiply the terms of one equation, or both of the equations, by a constant such that the coefficients of
x or y are different only in their sign.
3. Add the equations, and solve the resulting equation.
4. Substitute the value obtained in step 3 into either of the original equations, and solve for the remaining
variable.
5. Steps 3 and 4 give the solution to the system.
6. To check the solution take the values from steps 3 and 4, and substitute them into the equation not used
in step 4.

Example 2 Solve the system by addition.

a) 2x - 3y = 2 and x + 2y = 8 b) 4x + 3y = 5 and 3x - 2y = 8

►Solution: a) To obtain coefficients for x that differ only in sign, multiply the second equation by −2.
Add the results to obtain an equation that has only one variable y.

2x - 3y = 2 2x - 3y = 2
- 2 ^ x + 2y = 8 h
"
- 2x - 4y =- 16
- 7y =- 14 " y=2
To find x, substitute y = 2 in one of the original equations.

x + 2y = 8 " x + 2 ^2 h = 8 " x = 4

The solution to the system is (4, 2).

Check: 2x - 3y = 2 " 2 ^4h - 3 ^2h = 2 " 8 - 6 = 2 " 2 = 2

b) Multiply equation 1 by 2 and equation 2 by 3, then add the results.

2 ^4x + 3y = 5 h 8x + 6y = 10
3 ^3x - 2y = 8 h
"
9x - 6y = 24
17x = 34 " x=2
To find y, substitute x = 2 in one of the original equations.

4x + 3y = 5 " 4 ^2 h + 3y = 5 " 3y =- 3 " y =- 1

The solution to the system is (2, − 1).

Check: 3x - 2y = 8 " 3 ^2 h - 2 ^- 1 h = 8 " 6 + 2 = 8 " 8 = 8

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 Section 6.1 - Linear Systems ♦ 225

An algebraic method by substitution can be used to find the exact solution of a system of equations. The
substitution method requires writing one of the equations of the system in terms of x, or in terms of y.

Solving a Linear System by the Substitution Method

1. Solve one equation for one of its variables in terms of the other variable; this becomes equation (3).
2. Substitute the equation from step 1 into the other equation, and solve that equation.
3. Take the value solved for in step 2 and substitute the value into equation (3).
4. Check the solution by inserting the x and y values calculated in steps 2 and 3 into the equation not used
in step 3.

Example 3 Solve the system by substitution.

a) 2x - 4y = 7 and - x + 8y =- 5 b) 3x - y = 5 and - 6 + 2y =- 10

►Solution: a) Choose either equation, and solve for x.

- x + 8y =- 5 " x = 8y + 5 → Equation (3)

In the other equation, replace x with ^8y + 5 h , and solve for y.

2x - 4y = 7 " 2 ^8y + 5 h - 4y = 7
16y + 10 - 4y = 7
12y =- 3
y =- 1
4

To find x, substitute y =- 1 into equation (3)

4

x = 8y + 5 " x = 8 ` - 1 j + 5 " x = 3
4

The solution to the system is ` 3, - 1 j .

4
Check: 2x - 4y = 7 " 2 ^3 h - 4 ` - 41 j = 7 " 6 + 1 = 7 " 7 = 7

b) Choose either equation and solve for y.

3x - y = 5 " y = 3x - 5 → Equation (3)

In the other equation, replace y with ^3x - 5 h and solve for x.

- 6x + 2y =- 10 " - 6x + 2 ^3x - 5 h =- 10
- 6x + 6x - 10 =- 10
0=0

This is a true equation, therefore there are infinite solutions, and the lines must coincide.

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226 ♦ Chapter 6 - Linear and Quadratic Systems

6.1 Exercise Set

1. Solve by graphing.
y y
a) 2x - y = 3 b) x + 2y =- 4
x+y = 3 f ^ x h =- 1 x + 1
2
x x

y y
c) f ^ x h = 2x - 4 d) x + y =- 5
- 2x + 1 = 1
x- 1 y = 2
2
x x

y y
y
e) 2x - 3y =- 1 f) x - =- 3
2
4x - y = 3
x - y =- 1
3
x x

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 Section 6.1 - Linear Systems ♦ 227

2. Solve by addition.

a) x = 3y b) 3x - 11 = 8y
y = 5x + 14 x + 6y - 8 = 0

c) 3x + 5y = 17 d) 4x + 3y = 1
4x - y =- 8 3x + 2y = 2

e) 7x - 3y =- 5 f) 5x + 2y = 8
3x + 5y =- 21 3x + 5y = 20

g) 5x - 3y = 10.5 h) 3x - 2y = 6
2x + 5y =- 2 - 6x + 4y =- 6

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228 ♦ Chapter 6 - Linear and Quadratic Systems

3. Solve by substitution.

a) y = 3x + 4 b) y =- 2x
2x - 3y = 2 x + 4y = 21

c) 6x - y = 0 d) 2s + t =- 3
8x - 3y = 25 3s + 2t =- 4

e) y = 1 x + 2 f) 2x = 3y + 4
3
6x = 9y + 8
2x - 6y =- 12

g) 1x-y = 3 h) x - 2y = 2
3 2 3
2x + 1 y = 5 x + 3y =- 4
2 4

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 Section 6.2 - Graphing Non-Linear Systems of Equations ♦ 229

1.6
6.2 Radical Equations
Graphing Non-Linear Systems of Equations

Two or more equations considered together are called a system of equations. If the equations are of the first
degree, they are called a linear system. If any of the equations are other than the first degree, the system is
called non-linear. The solution(s) to a system are the points of intersection of the graphs.

Graphing a System Consisting of a Parabola and a Linear Equation

If a system consists of an equation of a parabola and an equation of a line, there can be 0, 1, or 2 real solutions.
y y y

x x x

0 real solutions 1 real solution 2 real solutions

Sketching solutions to non-linear functions requires great care in order to get an accurate solution.

Example 1 Is ^3, - 5 h a solution to the non-linear system: x 2 + y = 4

2x + y = 1

►Solution: To be a solution, the ordered pair ^3, - 5 h must satisfy both equations.

x2 + y = 4 2x + y = 1
^3 h2 + ^- 5 h = 4 2 ^3h - 5 = 1
9-5 = 4 6-5 = 1
4=4 1=1

Therefore ^3, - 5 h is a solution.

Example 2 Is ^5, 7 h a solution to the non-linear system: 3x 2 - 10y = 5

x - y =- 3

►Solution: 3x 2 - 10y = 5 x - y =- 3
3 ^5 h2 - 10 ^7 h = 5 5 - 7 =- 3
75 - 70 = 5 -2 !-3
5=5

Therefore ^5, 7 h is not a solution to the non-linear system.

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230 ♦ Chapter 4 - Linear and Quadratic Systems

Example 3 Solve the system y = x 2 - 5x + 4 and x - y = 1 by graphing.

►Solution: To graph the parabola, find the vertex and x and y intercepts.

y = x 2 - 5x + 4 y
= ` x - 5x + 25 j + 4 - 25
2
4 4
= `x - j -
5 9
2

2 4

The vertex is ` 5 , - 9 j x
2 4
y = x 2 - 5x + 4 = 0
= ^ x - 4h^ x - 1h = 0
x-intercepts are: ^1, 0 h, ^4, 0 h

y = 0 2 - 5 ^0h + 4 = 4
y-intercept is ^0, 4h

The linear equation can be written y = x - 1 , which has a slope of 1 and y-intercept of − 1.

The graphs intersect at ^1, 0 h and ^5, 4h .

Check: y = x 2 - 5x + 4 y = x 2 - 5x + 4
0 = ^1 h2 - 5 ^1 h + 4 4 = ^5 h2 - 5 ^5 h + 4
0=0 4=4

Example 4 Solve the system y = x 2 - 4 and 2x - y = 5 by graphing.

►Solution: To graph the parabola, find the vertex and x and y intercepts.

The vertex of the parabola is ^0, - 4 h y

x2 - 4 = 0
x2 = 4
x =!2
x
x-intercepts are: ^2, 0 h, ^- 2, 0 h

y-intercept is ^0, - 4 h

The linear equation can be written y = 2x - 5 ,

which has a slope of 2 and y-intercept of − 5.

The graphs intersect at ^1, - 3 h .

Check: y = x2 - 4 2x - y = 5
- 3 = ^1 h2 - 4 2 ^1h - ^- 3h = 5
- 3 =- 3 5=5

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 Section 6.2 - Graphing Non-Linear Systems of Equations ♦ 231

6.2 Exercise Set

1. Determine if the ordered pair is a solution to the given non-linear systems.

a) 2x 2 - 3y = 2 ^2, 2 h b) 2x 2 - 3y = 2 ^- 1.25, 0.375 h

x - 2y =- 2 x - 2y =- 2

c) x 2 + 2y =- 2 ^- 2, - 3 h d) y = x 2 + 2x - 1 ^ - 3, 2 h
- 2x + y = 2 y = 2x + 8

e) y = x 2 - 3x - 2 ^- 53 , 25 h
4
f) y = x 2 - 3x - 4 ^ 3, - 4 h
y =- 25 x - 25
2
y =- 2x + 4

2. Determine all values of h, so that the graph of the equation contains the given point.

a) y = 2 ^ x - h h2 + 7 ; ^3, 57 h b) y =- 3 ^ x - h h2 + 6 ; ^2, - 42 h

c) y =- 1 ^ x - h h2 + 8 ; ^- 1, - 10 h d) y = 1 ^ x - h h2 - 4 ; ^- 2, 71 h
2 3

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232 ♦ Chapter 4 - Linear and Quadratic Systems

3. Solve the system by graphing.

y y
a) y = 4 - x 2 b) y = x 2 - 1
y = x+2 y = 2x - 2

x x

y y
c) y = x 2
d) y = ^ x + 2 h 2

y = x-2 y =- 2x - 4

x x

y y

e) y =- x 2 + 1 f) y = 21 ^ x - 1 h2 - 4
x+y = 2 2x + y =- 4

x x

y y
g) y = x + 6x + 7
2
h) y = x - 4x + 5
2

x + y =- 3 x - y =- 1

x x

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 Section 6.3 - Solving Linear-Quadratic Systems ♦ 233

1.6
6.3 Radical Equations
Solving Linear-Quadratic Systems

Steps for Solving a Non-Linear System by Substitution

1. Write one equation in terms of one variable, usually y.

2. Substitute the resulting expression into the quadratic equation to get an equation of one variable.
3. Solve the resulting equation for the variable.
4. Substitute each solution into the linear equation to solve for the other variable.
5. Check the solution.

Example 1 Solve the system: y = x 2 - 3x - 4

2x - y = 4

►Solution: 2x - y = 4 " y = 2x - 4

y = x 2 - 3x - 4 Since the left side of both equations equal y, the

y = 2x - 4
! right side of both equations must also be equal.

Solving for x: 2x - 4 = x 2 - 3x - 4
x 2 - 5x = 0
x^ x - 5h = 0
x = 0 or x - 5 = 0
x = 0, 5

Solving for y: y = 2x - 4 y = 2x - 4
= 2 ^0h - 4 = 2 ^5h - 4
=- 4 =6

Check: ^0, - 4 h : y = x 2 - 3x - 4 ^5, 6 h : y = x 2 - 3x - 4

- 4 = 0 2 - 3 ^0h - 4 6 = 5 2 - 3 ^5h - 4
- 4 =- 4 6 = 25 - 15 - 4
6=6

The system has solutions ^0, - 4 h and ^5, 6h .

Example 2 Solve the system: y =- 21 x 2 + 2x - 3

y = x-2

►Solution: Solving for x: x - 2 =- 21 x 2 + 2x + 3

1
2 x 2 - x + 1 = 0 (does not factor)
x 2 - 2x + 2 = 0 (multiply equation by 2 to eliminate 1
2 )
-^- 2 h ! ^- 2 h2 - 4 ^1 h^2 h
x= = 2 ! -4 = Q
2 2
The line and the parabola do not intersect. There are no real solutions.

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234 ♦ Chapter 6 - Linear and Quadratic Systems

Example 3 Solve the system: y = x 2 - 3x - 4

2x - y = 3

►Solution: 2x - y = 3 " y = 2x - 3

Solving for x: 2x - 3 = x 2 - 3x - 4
x - 5x - 1 = 0 (does not factor)
2

-^- 5 h ! ^- 5 h2 - 4 ^1 h^- 1 h
x= = 5 ! 29
2 2

Solving for y: y = 2x - 3 y = 2x - 3

= 2 c 5 + 29 m - 3 = 2 c 5 - 29 m - 3
2 2
= 5 + 29 - 3 = 5 - 29 - 3
= 2 + 29 = 2 - 29

Check: 2x - y = 3 " 2 c 5 + 29 m - ^2 + 29 h = 3 " 5 + 29 - 2 - 29 = 3 " 3 = 3

2

2x - y = 3 " 2 c 5 - 29 m - ^2 - 29 h = 3 " 5 - 29 - 2 + 29 = 3 " 3 = 3

2

The system has solutions c 5 + 29 , 2 + 29 m and c 5 - 29 , 2 - 29 m .

2 2

Example 4 Solve the system: y = 1

2 x 2 - 2x + 3
2x - 2y = 3

►Solution: 2x - 2y = 3 " y = x - 3
2

Solving for x: x - 3 = 1 x 2 - 2x + 3
2 2
1 x 2 - 3x + 9 = 0
2 2
x 2 - 6x + 9 = 0
^ x - 3 h^ x - 3 h = 0
x-3 = 0
x=3

Solving for y: 2x - 2y = 3
2 ^3 h - 2y = 3
- 2y =- 3
y= 3
2

Check ` 3, 3 j : y = 1 x 2 - 2x + 3 " 3 = 1 ^3 h2 - 2 ^3 h + 3 " 3 = 9 - 6 + 3 " 3 = 3

2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2

The system has a single solution ` 3, 3 j .

2

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 Section 6.3 - Solving Linear-Quadratic Systems ♦ 235

Example 5 A rocket flies through the air following a parabola y =- 0.002x 2 + 0.12x + 2 . If the land slopes
upward along the line y = 0.15x from the launch site, where does the rocket land?

►Solution: The system is: y =- 0.002x 2 + 0.12x + 2 " 0.15x =- 0.002x 2 + 0.12x + 2
y = 0.15x 1000 ^0.15x =- 0.002x 2 + 0.12x + 2 h
2 ^ 150x =- 2x + 120x + 2000 h
1 2

75x =- x 2 + 60x + 1000

0 = x 2 + 15x - 1000
^ x - 25 h^ x + 40 h = 0
x = 25, - 40 reject - 40

The rocket lands 25 units from the launch site.

Example 6 The income from a plumbing company, in 100’s of dollars, is given by I ^ x h =- 20x 2 - 50x + 200 ,
where x is the average charge for each plumbing job. The cost of wages, materials, and
transportation is given by I ^ x h = 50x - 10 . Determine the price that will allow the plumbing
company to break even.

►Solution: The system is: I ^ x h =- 20x 2 - 50x + 200 " 50x - 10 =- 20x 2 - 50x + 200
I ^ x h = 50x - 10 20x 2 + 100x - 210 = 0
x 2 + 10x - 21 = 0
^ x + 7 h^ x - 3 h = 0
x = 3, - 7 reject - 7

The average plumbing bill will be $300 to break even.

Example 7 The equations y = 2x 2 - 5x + 3 and y = 3x + k meet at one point. Determine the value of k
for this to happen.

►Solution: The system is: y = 2x 2 - 5x + 3 " 2x 2 - 5x + 3 = 3x + k

2 ^ 2x - 8x + 3 - k = 0 h
1 2
y = 3x + k
x 2 - 4x + 3 - k = 0
2

Completing the square for x 2 + 4x + results in: x 2 + 4x + 4 = ^ x - 2 h2 .

For x 2 - 4x + 3 - k to be a perfect square, 3 - k must be 4.

2 2
Therefore 3 - k = 4
2
3-k = 8
k =- 5

When k =- 5 , y = 2x 2 - 5x + 3 and y = 3x + 5 will meet at one point.

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236 ♦ Chapter 6 - Linear and Quadratic Systems

6.3 Exercise Set

1. Find all real solutions of the system of equations.

a) 2x 2 - y = 1 b) x 2 - y = 3
y = 5x + 2 y = 3x + 7

c) 2y = x 2 d) x 2 + y = 4
1
y = x- 2 2x + y = 1

e) 3x 2 - 10y = 5 f) 2x 2 - 3y = 2
x - y =- 2 x - 2y =- 2

g) x 2 + 2y =- 2 h) y = 1 - x 2
- 2x + y = 1 x+y = 2

i) y = x2 - x j) y = x 2 - 6x
y = 2x y = x - 12

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 Section 6.3 - Solving Linear-Quadratic Systems ♦ 237

1. k) y = x 2 + 8x - 10 l) x2 = y
y = 3x + 4 2x - y = 1

m) x 2 + y = 9 n) x 2 - y = 10
3x + 2y = 16 2x - 3y =- 10

o) y = x 2 p) 3y - x - 3 = 0
x+y = 3 y + 2x 2 - 2 = 0

q) y = x 2 - 4x + 3 r) y = x 2 + 5x + 6
y = 3x - 2 x - y =- 12

s) xy =- 9 t) xy = 4
y =- 21 x y = 2x - 1

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238 ♦ Chapter 6 - Linear and Quadratic Systems

2. Find all points of intersection of the parabola 3. Find all points of intersection of the parabola
y = x 2 - 4x + 2 and the x-axis. 3x 2 + 61 x + y = 0 and the x-axis.

4. Find all points of intersection of the parabola 5. Find all points of intersection of the parabola
y = 75x 2 - 33x + 157 and the y-axis. y =- 0.001x 2 and the line y =- 5 .

6. The equations y = x 2 - 6x + c and y = 2x - 13 7. Penny throws a ball in the air with trajectory
meet at one point. Determine the value of c. h ^ t h = - t 2 + t x + 4 . Rachel releases a balloon
with path q ^ t h = 2 t at the same time. With h in
metres and t in seconds, when do the paths cross
and at what height?

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 Section 6.3 - Solving Linear-Quadratic Systems ♦ 239

8. A company builds two factories. The production at 9. For a company to break even, revenue must equal
site A is A ^ x h = 2x 2 , while the production at site B cost. If the revenue of Crescent Beach Publishing
is B ^ x h = 4x + 6 where x is the number of units is given by R ^ p h =- 50 p 2 + 3000 p , with the cost
built and A ^ x h and B ^ x h are in 100’s of dollars. of printing C ^ p h = 6000 - 500 p , determine the
When are the production costs of the two sites equal? price per book to break even.

10. The cost of making a pickleball is C ^ x h = 3x + 10 ; 11. The price of a stock, A ^ x h , over a 12 month period
revenue from sales is R ^ x h =- x + 123 x - 1990 .
2
increases and decreases according to the equation
If Profit = Revenue - Cost, and x is given in 100’s A ^ x h = 0.75 x 2 - 6x + 20 , where x equals the
of dollars, how many balls must be produced to make number of months. The price of a bond increased
the maximum profit, and what is the maximum profit? according to the equation B ^ x h = 2.75 x + 1.5 over
the same time. State to the nearest dollar when the
stock and bond have the same value.

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240 ♦ Chapter 6 - Linear and Quadratic Systems

6.4
1.6 Radical Equations
Solving Quadratic-Quadratic Systems

Quadratic-Quadratic systems of the form f ^ x h = ax 2 + bx + c , a ! 0 , can have 0 , 1, 2, or infinite solutions.

If the equations are unique, then there are only 0, 1, or 2 solutions.

y y y y

x x x x

0 real solutions 1 real solution 2 real solutions infinite real solutions

(identical graphs)

Steps for Solving Non-Linear Systems by Addition

1. Re-arrange equations so the terms line up.

2. Multiply none, one, or both equations by a constant so that the coefficients of one of the variables are opposite.

3. Add the equations to eliminate one of the variables.

4. Solve the resulting equation.

5. Substitute the solution in step 4 back into an original equation to find the other variable.

Example 1 Solve the system 6x 2 + 4x - y = 4 and 3x 2 - x - y - 2 = 0 by addition.

►Solution: 6x 2 + 4x - y = 4 " 6x 2 + 4 x - y - 4 = 0
- 1 ^ 3x 2 - x - y - 2 = 0 h - 3x 2 + x + y + 2 = 0
3x 2 + 5 x -2 = 0
^3x - 1 h^ x + 2 h = 0
x = 31 , - 2

Solving for y: 3x 2 - x - y - 2 = 0 or 3 ^- 2 h2 - ^- 2 h - y - 2 = 0
3 ^ 31 h - 1
12 + 2 - y - 2 = 0
2
3 -y-2 = 0
1
3 - 1
3 -y-2 = 0 y = 12
y =- 2

The points of intersection are ^ 31 , - 2 h and ^- 2, 12 h .

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 Section 6.4 - Solving Quadratic-Quadratic Systems ♦ 241

Steps for Solving a Non-Linear System by Substitution

1. Write one equation in terms of one variable, usually y.

2. Substitute the resulting expression into the quadratic equation to get an equation of one variable.

3. Solve the resulting equation for the variable.

4. Substitute each solution into the linear equation to solve for the other variable.

5. Check the solution.

Example 2 Solve the system: x 2 - y = 0

x 2 - 2x + y = 4

►Solution: x2 - y = 0 " y = x2

Solving for x: x 2 - 2x + y = 4
x 2 - 2x + x 2 = 4
2x 2 - 2x - 4 = 0
x2 - x - 2 = 0
^ x - 2 h^ x + 1 h = 0
x =- 1, 2

Solving for y: y = x 2 y = x2
= ^- 1 h2 = ^2 h2
=1 =4

Check: ^- 1, 1h : x 2 - 2x + y = 4 ^2, 4 h : x 2 - 2x + y = 4
^- 1 h2 - 2 ^- 1 h + 1 = 4 ^2 h2 - 2 ^2 h + 4 = 4
1+2+1 = 4 4-4+4 = 4
4=4 4=4

The system has solutions ^- 1, 1h and ^2, 4h .

Note: This method of isolating one variable can also be used in systems involving two quadratics.

Example 3 Solve the system: y = x 2 - x - 3 and y = 2x 2 - x + 7 .

►Solution: Solving for x: 2x 2 - x + 7 = x 2 - x - 3

x 2 =- 10
x=Q

The system does not intersect. There are no real solutions.

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242 ♦ Chapter 6 - Linear and Quadratic Systems

Example 4 Solve the system: y - 2x 2 = 0 and x 2 + 6x - y = 6 .

►Solution: y - 2x 2 = 0 " y = 2x 2

Solving for x: x 2 + 6x - y = 6
x 2 + 6x - 2x 2 = 6
x 2 - 6x + 6 = 0 (does not factor)
-^- 6h ! ^- 6h2 - 4 ^1 h^6h
= 6 ! 12 = 6 ! 2 3 = 3 ! 3
2 ^1h
x=
2 2
Solving for y: y = 2x 2 y = 2x 2
= 2 ^3 + 3 h = 2 ^3 - 3 h
2 2

= 2 ^9 + 6 3 + 3h = 2 ^9 - 6 3 + 3h
= 24 + 12 3 = 24 - 12 3

Check: ^3 + 3 , 24 + 12 3 h : x 2 + 6x - y = 6
^3 + 3 h + 6 ^3 + 3 h - ^24 + 12 3 h = 6
2

12 + 6 3 + 18 + 6 3 - 24 - 12 3 = 6
6=6

^3 - 3 , 24 - 12 3 h : x 2 + 6x - y = 6
^3 - 3 h + 6 ^ 3 - 3 h - ^ 24 - 12 3 h = 6
2

12 - 6 3 + 18 - 6 3 - 24 + 12 3 = 6
6=6

The system has solutions ^3 + 3 , 24 + 12 3 h and ^3 - 3 , 24 - 12 3 h .

Example 5 Solve the system: x 2 - 4x + y + 1 = 0 and 2x 2 - 2x - y + 2 = 0 .

►Solution: 2x 2 - 2x - y + 2 = 0 " y = 2x 2 - 2x + 2

Solving for x: x 2 - 4x + y + 1 = 0
x - 4x + ^2x 2 - 2x + 2h + 1 = 0
2

x 2 - 4x + 2x 2 - 2x + 2 + 1 = 0
3x 2 - 6x + 3 = 0
x 2 - 2x + 1 = 0
^ x - 1 h^ x - 1 h = 0
x=1

Solving for y: x 2 - 4x + y + 1 = 0
^1h - 4 ^1h + y + 1 = 0
2

1-4+y+1 = 0
y=2

Check: ^1, 2 h : 2x 2 - 2x - y + 2 = 0
2 ^1 h2 - 2 ^1 h - 2 + 2 = 0
2-2-2+2 = 0
0=0

The system has solution ^1, 2 h .

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 Section 6.4 - Solving Quadratic-Quadratic Systems ♦ 243

6.4 Exercise Set

1. Fill in the blanks to make a true statement.

a) An ordered pair that satisfies each equation in a system of quadratic equations is called a _____________ of
the system of quadratic equations.

b) Graphically, the solution of a system of two quadratic equations is represented by the point of _____________ .

c) Graphically, quadratic equations with no points in common have _____________ solutions.

d) The maximum number of solutions of two unique quadratic equations of the type y = ax 2 + bx + c has
_____________ solution(s).

e) For a quadratic equation of the type y = ax 2 + bx + c to have one solution, the parabolas must be
_____________ to each other at the point of intersection.

2. Find all real solutions of the system of equations.

a) y = x 2 b) y = 2 - x 2
y = 2x 2 + x 2x 2 + 2y = 4

c) y = x 2 + 2 d) y = 31 x 2 - 5
y =- x 2 + 4x y = 2x 2 + 4x

e) y = x 2 + x f) y = x2 - x
y = 2x 2 + 3x - 3 y = 2x 2 + 2x - 4

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244 ♦ Chapter 6 - Linear and Quadratic Systems

2. g) y = x 2 + 1 h) y - x 2 = 0
y = 2x 2 + x - 3 x 2 - 2x + y = 6

i) x 2 + 3x - y - 4 = 0 j) 2x 2 + 9 = 9
x 2 + 2x + y - 8 = 0 y - x 2 - 5x = 1

k) y = 2x 2 - 16x + 35 l) y = 2x 2 + 11
y =- x 2 + 2x - 2 y = x 2 - 8x - 5

m) y =- x 2 - 8 n) y =- 2 ^ x - 3 h2 + 4
y = x 2 - 12x + 10 y = 2 ^ x - 2 h2 - 1

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 Section 6.4 - Solving Quadratic-Quadratic Systems ♦ 245

3. Find an equation for the line that passes through the points of intersection.

a) y = x 2 + 2x and y =- x 2 b) y = x 2 - 4x + 5 and y =- x 2 + 2x + 1

4. An altitude of a triangle is twice as long as the 5. If f ^ x h = x 2 - 6x + 14 and g ^ x h =- x 2 - 20x + k ,

corresponding base; its area is 36 cm². If one side determine the value of k so that there is exactly one
of the triangle, that is not the base, is 4 10 cm, point of intersection between the two parabolas.
what is the perimeter of the triangle?

6. The revenue for a company producing car parts is 7. A circle and a square have the same area. Determine
given by y =- 20x 2 - 50x + 200 , where x is the the ratio of the perimeter of the circle to the perimeter
price per $10 for each part. The cost of production of the square.
is given by y =- 5x 2 - 120x + 175 . Determine
the price per part that will allow production costs
to break even.

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246 ♦ Chapter 6 - Linear and Quadratic Systems

6.5
1.6 Radical Equations
Chapter Review

Section 6.1

1. Solve the system by graphing.

y y

a) x + y = 4 b) x + y =- 5
2x - y = 2 2x - y =- 1

x x

2. Solve the system by addition.

y
a) 8x + 4y = 0 b) 2x + 3 =- 31
- 4x + 2y =- 2 x
2 + 2y =- 7

3. Solve the system by substitution.

a) 6x - y =- 9 b) 3x + 5y = 17
y =- 7x - 4 4x - y =- 8

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 Section 6.5 - Chapter Review ♦ 247

Section 6.2

4. Solve the system by graphing.

y y
a) y =- x 2 - 2x + 3 b) y = x 2 - 3x - 4
y =- x + 1 2x + y = 2

x x

Section 6.3

5. Find all real solutions.

a) y = x 2 - 3 b) y =- 21 x 2 + 4
x+y = 3 y =- 2x + 6

c) y - x 2 = 3 d) y = x 2 + 2
y-x = 3 y = x-2

6. The equation y = 2x 2 - 3x + c and y =- x + 4 7. A fireworks mortar is launched vertically. The

meet at a point. Determine the value of c that height, h, in feet after t seconds is given by
makes this happen. h ^ t h =- 16t 2 + 96t . At what time will the mortar
first get to a height of 80 feet?

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248 ♦ Chapter 6 - Linear and Quadratic Systems

Section 6.4

8. Find all real solutions.

a) y = x 2 + 4 b) y = x 2 - 2
y = 16 - x 2 y =-^ x + 2 h2

c) y = 21 x 2 - 3 d) y =-^ x + 2 h2 + 6
y =-^ x - 1 h2
x2 + y = 4

9. A circle and a square have the same perimeter. 10. If f ^ x h = x 2 - 4x + 3 and g ^ x h =- x 2 + 6x + k ,

Determine the ratio of the area of the circle to determine the value of k so that there is exactly one
the area of the square. point of intersection between the two parabolas.
Find the point of intersection.

Copyright © 2009 by Crescent Beach Publishing. No part of this publication may be reproduced without written permission from the publisher.