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Exp5 Node Voltage Group(C)

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TAIBAH UNIVERSITY

COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
(Electrical Circuit 1)(EE201)

Experment(5)

Node voltage

Section m6
Name: RYAN ALJOHANI Id:4403310
Name: FAISAL ALQHTANI Id:4403726
Name: FARES HAMDI Id:4406020

GROUP C

Instructor
Dr. EMAD ABYAD
Introduction:
The node voltage method is a practical method in electrical

experiments used to analyze and understand circuits by calculating

the voltage at different nodes. This method applies Kirchhoff's

current law (KCL), which states that the total current entering a

node equals the total current leaving it, allowing equations to be

created to determine unknown voltages. It is particularly useful in

practical circuit experiments, as it simplifies the analysis of complex

circuits and provides insights into the behavior of real-world

electrical networks.

objectives:
• Accurately measure and record voltage values at various nodes in

the circuit.

• Evaluate the impact of circuit modifications on node voltages.

• Compare measured voltages with theoretical predictions to assess

accuracy.

Tools and devices:


(figuer1). (figuer2). (figuer3). Resistors
Power-supply(EL302 dual ) Multimeter(Iso-tech idm203)

(figuer4)..Breadboard(RH-74) (figuer5)...wires (figuer6)..Test props


Procedure:
Procedure:
First, we connected the circuit to the ground at a point and named it

Vd. In node voltage analysis, we label each point where two or more

components connect, then we observe it. To find the voltage at a

specific node, we use a multimeter at that point. If we want to find the

voltage across a specific resistor, we use the multimeter across the

resistor, name it R, and label the nodes around it.

To find the voltage at Va, we calculated the output voltage from the 30

V voltage source going to the resistor R1, and the voltage was 30.10 V.
To find the voltage at Vc, we calculated the output voltage from the 15

V voltage source going to the resistor R2, and the voltage was 15.02 V.

To calculate Vb, we determined the voltage produced on it from both

R1 and R3. And it equal 9.20\

To calculate the voltage at Vab, which is also the voltage across resistor

R1, we measured the voltage across the resistor using a multimeter,

and the result was 20.87 V.

To calculate the voltage at Vcb, which is also the voltage across resistor

R3, we measured the voltage across the resistor using a multimeter,

and the result was 5.81 V.

To calculate the voltage at Vbd, we measure the voltage across resistor

R2. The voltage at Vbd should be equal to Vb because point D is

connected to the ground. And it equal 9.20 V


(figuer7)..circuit using circuit lab (figuer8).. practical circuit

Results:

Resistor Color code Theoretical Measured Absolute Relative


1 2 3 4 value value error error
R1 Orange White Red Gold 3900 Ω 3821 Ω -79 Ω -2.21%
R2 Brown Green Red Gold 1600 Ω 1562 Ω -38 Ω -2.37%
R3 Grey Red Red Gold 8200 Ω 7949 Ω -251 Ω -3.06%
Table (1). Resistors values, color codes, and absolute and relative errors.
Voltage Theoretical Measured value Absolute error Relative error
value

VA 30 (V) 30.10 (V) 0.10 (V) 0.33%


VB 9.49 (V) 9.20 (V) -0.29 (V) -3.05%
VC 15 (V) 15.02 (V) 0.02 (V) 0.133%
VD 0 (V) 0 (V) 0 (V) 0%
VAB 20.51 (V) 20.87 (V) 0.36 (V) 1.75%
VBC 5.51 (V) 5.81 (V) 0.30 (V) 5.44%
VBD 9.49 (V) 9.20 (V) -0.29 (V) -3.05%
Veq 15 (V) 15.02 (V) 0.02 (V) 0.133%
Table (2). Voltages on every node. resistance, and absolute and relative errors.

Current Theoretical value Measured value Absolute error Relative error

5.26 (mA) 5.48 (mA) 0.22 (mA) 4.18%


IAB
-0.67 (mA) -0.71 (mA) -0.04 (mA) 5.97%
IBC
5.93 (mA) 6.19 (mA) 0.26 (mA) 4.38%
IBD
Table (3). Current on every resistance, and absolute and relative errors.

Absolute error = Measured value -True value


Absolute error
Relative error = ×100
𝑇𝑟𝑢𝑒 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒

Conclusion:
In conclusion, the node voltage method serves as an essential tool

in circuit analysis, greatly simplifying complex calculations by

focusing on the node voltage relative to a reference point. This

approach, guided by Kirchhoff’s current law, allows for the creation

of equations that accurately solve for unknown voltages, making it

invaluable for both theoretical understanding and practical

applications. The primary goals of using the node voltage method

include enhancing the efficiency of complex circuit analysis,

promoting a deeper insight into how electrical networks work, and

building problem-solving skills that are important for advanced

studies in electrical engineering. Furthermore, the method is

essential in practical scenarios, supporting circuit design,

optimization, and troubleshooting, and plays a key role in areas such

as power distribution, communications, and electronic device

development. By mastering this technique, engineers become

better equipped to tackle complex electrical challenges and devise

reliable solutions in a variety of applications.

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