Nested Menu System

In interactive systems or software, nested loops can generate menus with multiple options and
sub-options.

Example: Displaying a Menu

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

int main() {
for (int i = 1; i <= 2; i++) { // Outer loop for main menu
cout << "Main Menu " << i << endl;
for (int j = 1; j <= 3; j++) { // Inner loop for sub-menu
cout << " Sub-Menu " << j << endl;
}
}
return 0;
}

Write a program in C++ to handle the scenario where you have 5 sections, each containing
10 students. We’ll use nested loops to represent the sections and the students.

Program: Sections and Students

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

int main() {
int totalSections = 5; // Number of sections
int studentsPerSection = 10; // Number of students in each section

for (int section = 1; section <= totalSections; section++) { // Outer

loop for sections
cout << "Section " << section << ":" << endl;

for (int student = 1; student <= studentsPerSection; student++) {

// Inner loop for students
cout << " Student " << student << endl;
}
 cout << endl; // Add a blank line after each section for clarity
}

return 0;
}

Question 1: Print a Square Pattern

Write a program to print a square of * of size 5 using nested loops.

*****
*****
*****
*****
*****
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main() {
int n = 5; // Size of the square
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) { // Outer loop for rows
for (int j = 0; j < n; j++)
{ // Inner loop for columns
cout << "* ";
}
cout << endl; // Move to the next line
}
return 0;
}

Working Table:

Outer Inner Action Output (Partial Complete Output

Loop (i) Loop (j) Performed Row) (After endl)
i = 0 j = 0 Print * *
j = 1 Print * * *
j = 2 Print * * * *
j = 3 Print * * * * *
j = 4 Print * * * * * * * * * * *
i = 1 j = 0 Print * *
j = 1 Print * * *
j = 2 Print * * * *
j = 3 Print * * * * *
j = 4 Print * * * * * * * * * * *
i = 2 j = 0 Print * *
j = 1 Print * * *
j = 2 Print * * * *
 j = 3 Print * * * * *
j = 4 Print * * * * * * * * * * *
i = 3 j = 0 Print * *
j = 1 Print * * *
j = 2 Print * * * *
j = 3 Print * * * * *
j = 4 Print * * * * * * * * * * *
i = 4 j = 0 Print * *
j = 1 Print * * *
j = 2 Print * * * *
j = 3 Print * * * * *
j = 4 Print * * * * * * * * * * *

Question 2: Print a Right Triangle Pattern

Write a program to print a right-angled triangle of * with 5 rows.

*
**
***
****
*****
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

int main() {
int n = 5; // Number of rows
for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) { // Outer loop for rows
for (int j = 1; j <= i; j++) { // Inner loop for columns
cout << "* ";
}
cout << endl; // Move to the next line
}
return 0;
}

Working Table:

Outer Inner Action Output (Partial Complete Output

Loop (i) Loop (j) Performed Row) (After endl)
i = 1 j = 1 Print * * *
i = 2 j = 1 Print * *
j = 2 Print * * * * *
i = 3 j = 1 Print * *
j = 2 Print * * *
 j = 3 Print * * * * * * *
i = 4 j = 1 Print * *
j = 2 Print * * *
j = 3 Print * * * *
j = 4 Print * * * * * * * * *
i = 5 j = 1 Print * *
j = 2 Print * * *
j = 3 Print * * * *
j = 4 Print * * * * *
j = 5 Print * * * * * * * * * * *

Question 3: Inverted Triangle Pattern

Write a program to print an inverted triangle of * with 5 rows.

*****
****
***
**
*
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

int main() {
int n = 5; // Number of rows
for (int i = n; i >= 1; i--) { // Outer loop for rows
for (int j = 1; j <= i; j++) { // Inner loop for
columns
cout << "* ";
}
cout << endl; // Move to the next line
}
return 0;
}

Working Table:

Outer Inner Action Output (Partial Complete Output

Loop (i) Loop (j) Performed Row) (After endl)
i = 5 j = 1 Print * *
j = 2 Print * * *
j = 3 Print * * * *
j = 4 Print * * * * *
j = 5 Print * * * * * * * * * * *
i = 4 j = 1 Print * *
j = 2 Print * * *
j = 3 Print * * * *
j = 4 Print * * * * * * * * *
 i = 3 j = 1 Print * *
j = 2 Print * * *
j = 3 Print * * * * * * *
i = 2 j = 1 Print * *
j = 2 Print * * * * *
i = 1 j = 1 Print * * *

Question 4: Number Pyramid

Write a program to print the following number pyramid for 5 rows:

1
12
123
1234
12345

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

int main() {
int n = 5; // Number of rows
for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) { // Outer loop for rows
for (int j = 1; j <= i; j++) { // Inner loop for
columns
cout << j << " ";
}
cout << endl; // Move to the next line
}
return 0;
}

Working Table:

Outer Inner Action Output (Partial Complete Output

Loop (i) Loop (j) Performed Row) (After endl)
i = 1 j = 1 Print 1 1 1
i = 2 j = 1 Print 1 1
j = 2 Print 2 1 2 1 2
i = 3 j = 1 Print 1 1
j = 2 Print 2 1 2
j = 3 Print 3 1 2 3 1 2 3
i = 4 j = 1 Print 1 1
j = 2 Print 2 1 2
j = 3 Print 3 1 2 3
j = 4 Print 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4
i = 5 j = 1 Print 1 1
j = 2 Print 2 1 2
j = 3 Print 3 1 2 3
j = 4 Print 4 1 2 3 4
j = 5 Print 5 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5