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Dictionaries in Python

A Python dictionary is a key-value pair data structure where keys must be immutable and unique, while values can be of any data type. Dictionaries can be created using curly braces or the dict() constructor, and items can be accessed, added, updated, or removed using various methods. Nested dictionaries are also supported, allowing for complex data structures.

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10 views

Dictionaries in Python

A Python dictionary is a key-value pair data structure where keys must be immutable and unique, while values can be of any data type. Dictionaries can be created using curly braces or the dict() constructor, and items can be accessed, added, updated, or removed using various methods. Nested dictionaries are also supported, allowing for complex data structures.

Uploaded by

kaviyaanbalagan06
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Dictionaries in Python

A Python dictionary is a data structure that stores the value in key: value pairs. Values in a dictionary
can be of any data type and can be duplicated, whereas keys can’t be repeated and must be
immutable.

The data is stored in key:value pairs in dictionaries, which makes it easier to find values.

How to Create a Dictionary

In Python, a dictionary can be created by placing a sequence of elements within curly {} braces,
separated by a ‘comma’.

# Example create dictionary using { }

d2 = {1: ‘Chennai', 2: ‘Mumbai', 3: ‘Delhi'}

print(d2)

# Example create dictionary using dict() constructor

d3 = dict(a = “ball", b = “bat", c = “cricket")

print(d3)

 Dictionary keys are case sensitive: the same name but different cases of Key will be treated
distinctly.
 Keys must be immutable: This means keys can be strings, numbers, or tuples but not lists.
 Keys must be unique: Duplicate keys are not allowed and any duplicate key will overwrite
the previous value.
 Dictionary internally uses Hashing. Hence, operations like search, insert, delete can be
performed in Constant Time.

Accessing Dictionary Items


We can access a value from a dictionary by using the key within square brackets or get() method.

# example
d = { "name": "Alice", 1: "Python", (1, 2): [1,2,4] }

# Example Access using key


print(d["name"]) # output – “Alice”

# Example Access using get()


print(d.get("name") # output – “Alice”

Adding and Updating Dictionary Items


We can add new key-value pairs or update existing keys by using assignment.
# Example Adding a new key-value pair
d["age"] = 22
Print (d)

# Example Updating an existing value


d1[5] = “Success"
print(d1)

Removing Dictionary Items


We can remove items from dictionary using the following methods:

 del: Removes an item by key.


 pop(): Removes an item by key and returns its value.
 clear(): Empties the dictionary.
 popitem(): Removes and returns the last key-value pair

#Example- Using del to remove an item

del d2[“2"]

print(d2)

d2[“4"] = Kolkata # I want to add an key:value

print(d2)

# Example Using pop() to remove an item and return the value

val = d1.pop(4)

print(val)

# Example Using popitem to removes and returns the last key-value pair.

key, val = d1.popitem()

print("Key: “, {key}, “Value:”, {val})


Nested Dictionaries

d = {1: 'Geeks', 2: 'For', 3: {'A': 'Welcome', 'B': 'To', 'C': 'Geeks'}}

print(d) # output {1: 'Geeks', 2: 'For', 3: {'A': 'Welcome', 'B': 'To', 'C': 'Geeks'}}

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