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Relations and Functions

The document contains a series of mathematical questions related to relations, functions, and properties such as reflexivity, symmetry, and transitivity. It includes problems about equivalence relations on sets, properties of specific relations defined on real numbers, and questions about functions and their characteristics. Additionally, it poses questions regarding the planting of saplings and the relationships between parallel and perpendicular lines.

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Yashika Gupta
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6 views

Relations and Functions

The document contains a series of mathematical questions related to relations, functions, and properties such as reflexivity, symmetry, and transitivity. It includes problems about equivalence relations on sets, properties of specific relations defined on real numbers, and questions about functions and their characteristics. Additionally, it poses questions regarding the planting of saplings and the relationships between parallel and perpendicular lines.

Uploaded by

Yashika Gupta
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1.

If a relation R on the set A = {1,2, 3} be defined by R = {(1, 2)}, then R is


(a) reflexive (b) transitive (c) symmetric
(d) none of these
2. Let A = {1, 2, 3}. Then the number of relations containing (1, 2) and (1, 3)
which are reflexive and symmetric but not transitive is
(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4
3. The maximum number of equivalence relations on the set A = {1, 2, 3} is
(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 5
4. Let S be the set of all real numbers. Then the relation R = {(a, b) : 1 + ab >
0} on S is
(a) reflexive and symmetric but not transitive.
(b) reflexive and transitive but not symmetric
(c) symmetric, transitive but not reflexive
(d) reflexive, transitive and symmetric
5. Let R be a relation on the set Z of integers given by aRb ⇔ a = 2kb for some
integer k. Then, R is
(a) reflexive but not symmetric
(b) symmetric and transitive but not reflexive
(c) reflexive and transitive but not symmetric
(d) an equivalence relation
6. For real numbers x and y, define x R y iff x – y + √2 is an irrational number.
Then the relation is
(a) reflexive (b) symmetric (c) transitive (d)
none of these
7. A relation 𝑅 is defined on 𝑍 as 𝑎𝑅𝑏 if and only if 𝑎2 − 7𝑎𝑏 + 6𝑏 2 = 0.
Then, 𝑅 is
(a) reflexive and symmetric
(b) symmetric but not reflexive
(c) transitive but not reflexive
(d) reflexive but not symmetric
8. Show that the relation R in the set R of real numbers, define as R = {(a, b) : a
≤ 𝑏2} is neither reflexive nor symmetric nor transitive.
9. Show that the relation R in the set A = {1,2,3,4,5} given by R = {(a, b) : |a –
b| is even}, is an equivalence relation. Show that all the elements of {1, 3, 5}
are related to each other and all the elements of {2, 4} are related to each
other. But no element of {1, 3, 5} is related to any element of {2, 4}.
10.Let 𝑁 be the set of natural numbers and 𝑅 be the relation on 𝑁 × 𝑁 defined
by (𝑎, 𝑏)𝑅(𝑐, 𝑑) iff 𝑎𝑑 = 𝑏𝑐
for all 𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐, 𝑑 ∈ 𝑁. Show that 𝑅 is an equivalence relation.
11.Students of Grade 9, planned to plant saplings along straight lines, parallel to
each other to one side of the playground ensuring that they had enough play
area. Let us assume that they planted one of the rows of the saplings along
the line 𝑦 = 𝑥 − 4. Let 𝐿 be the set of all lines which are parallel on the
ground and 𝑅 be a relation on 𝐿.

Answer the following questions using the above information.[CBSE Question


Bank]

(i) Let relation 𝑅 be defined by 𝑅 = {(𝐿1, 𝐿2): 𝐿1 ∥ 𝐿2 where 𝐿1 , 𝐿2 ∈ 𝐿}, then


𝑅 is ........ relation .
(a) Equivalence
(b) Only reflexive
(c) Not reflexive
(d) Symmetric but not transitive

(ii) Let 𝑅 = {(𝐿1, 𝐿2): 𝐿1 ⊥ 𝐿2 where 𝐿1, 𝐿2 ∈ 𝐿}, which of the following is
true?
(a) 𝑅 is Symmetric but neither reflexive nor transitive
(b) 𝑅 is Reflexive and transitive but not symmetric
(c) 𝑅 is Reflexive but neither symmetric nor transitive
(d) 𝑅 is an Equivalence relation

(iii) The function 𝑓: 𝑅 → 𝑅 defined by 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 − 4 is


(a) Bijective
(b) Surjective but not injective
(c) Injective but not Surjective
(d) Neither Surjective nor Injective

(iv) Let 𝑓: 𝑅 → 𝑅 be defined by 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 − 4. Then, the range of 𝑓(𝑥) is


(a) 𝑅
(b) 𝑍
(c) 𝑊
(d) Q

(v) Let 𝑅 = {(𝐿1 , 𝐿2 ): 𝐿1 is parallel to 𝐿2 and 𝐿1 : 𝑦 = 𝑥 − 4}, then which of the


following can be taken as 𝐿2 ?
(a) 2𝑥 − 2𝑦 + 5 = 0
(b) 2𝑥 + 𝑦 = 5
(c) 2𝑥 + 2𝑦 + 7 = 0
(d) 𝑥 + 𝑦 = 7

12.Prove that the Greatest Integer Function f:R →R given by f(x) = [x], is
neither one-one nor onto, where [x] denotes the greatest integer less than or
equal to x.

13.Let the function 𝑓: 𝑅 → 𝑅 be defined by 𝑓(𝑥) = cos⁡ 𝑥, ∀𝑥 ∈ 𝑅. Show that 𝑓


is neither one-one nor onto.
14.Let A = R – {3} and B = R – {1}.consider the function f : A → B defined by
𝑥−2
f(x) = ( ). Is f one-one and onto? Justify your answer.
𝑥−3
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