1.

CREATE TABLE with any two constraints

CREATE TABLE User (

u_id INT PRIMARY KEY,
name VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL,
email VARCHAR(100) UNIQUE
);

CREATE TABLE Product (

p_id INT PRIMARY KEY,
name VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL,
price DECIMAL(10, 2) CHECK (price > 0),
description TEXT
);

2. ALTER TABLE

ALTER TABLE User

ADD phone_number VARCHAR(15);

ALTER TABLE Product

MODIFY price DECIMAL(12, 2);

3. DELETE TABLE

DROP TABLE Cart;

4. COMMIT ,SAVEPOINT and ROLLBACK

BEGIN;
INSERT INTO User (u_id, name, email) VALUES (101, 'Alice', '[email protected]');
SAVEPOINT savepoint1;
INSERT INTO User (u_id, name, email) VALUES (102, 'Bob', '[email protected]');
ROLLBACK TO savepoint1;
COMMIT;

5. selecting specific column,

SELECT name, email FROM User;

6. arithmetic operation in select,

SELECT price * 1.05 AS price_with_tax FROM Product;

7. use Column alias ,

SELECT name AS product_name, price AS product_price FROM Product;

8. concatenation operation ,

SELECT name || ' - ' || description AS product_info FROM Product;

9. Literal Character String in select clause

SELECT name, 'is available' AS availability FROM Product;

10. Removing duplicate rows, displaying table structure

SELECT DISTINCT name FROM Product;

DESC User;

11. Using the WHERE Clause

SELECT * FROM Product WHERE price > 100;

12. Character Strings and Dates

SELECT * FROM Order WHERE order_date = '2023-01-01';

13. Using the BETWEEN AND Condition

SELECT * FROM Product WHERE price BETWEEN 50 AND 200;

14. Using the IN Condition

SELECT * FROM User WHERE name IN ('Alice', 'Bob', 'Charlie');

15. Using the LIKE Condition

SELECT * FROM Product WHERE name LIKE 'S%';

16. Using the NULL Conditions

SELECT * FROM Product WHERE description IS NULL;

17. Using any two Logical Conditions

SELECT * FROM Product WHERE price > 50 AND price < 200;
SELECT * FROM User WHERE name = 'Alice' OR email = '[email protected]';
18. Using the ORDER BY Clause

SELECT * FROM Product ORDER BY price DESC;

19. using any 5 Character Functions

SELECT UPPER(name) FROM User;

SELECT LOWER(name) FROM User;
SELECT LENGTH(name) FROM User;
SELECT SUBSTR(name, 1, 3) FROM User;
SELECT REPLACE(name, 'a', 'o') FROM User;

20. Using 3 Number Functions

SELECT ROUND(price, 2) FROM Product;

SELECT FLOOR(price) FROM Product;
SELECT MOD(price, 10) FROM Product;

21. Using any 3 Date Functions

SELECT SYSDATE FROM dual;

SELECT ADD_MONTHS(order_date, 3) FROM Order;
SELECT MONTHS_BETWEEN(SYSDATE, order_date) FROM Order;

22. using Explicit Data Type Conversion

SELECT TO_CHAR(order_date, 'YYYY-MM-DD') FROM Order;

SELECT TO_NUMBER('100') + 50 FROM dual;
SELECT TO_DATE('2024-01-01', 'YYYY-MM-DD') FROM dual;

23. Using NVL Function

SELECT NVL(description, 'No description') FROM Product;

24. using any 4 Group Functions

SELECT COUNT(*) FROM Product;

SELECT AVG(price) FROM Product;
SELECT MAX(price) FROM Product;
SELECT SUM(price) FROM Product;

25. Using the GROUP BY Clause

SELECT u_id, COUNT(*) FROM Order GROUP BY u_id;

26. Using the HAVING Clause

SELECT u_id, COUNT(*) FROM Order GROUP BY u_id HAVING COUNT(*) > 1;

27. Retrieving Records with any equi-joins

SELECT User.name, Order.order_no FROM User JOIN Order ON User.u_id = Order.u_id;

28. Retrieving Records with any non equi-joins or outer join

SELECT User.name, Order.order_no FROM User LEFT JOIN Order ON User.u_id =

Order.u_id;

29. Using a Subquery to Solve a Problem

SELECT * FROM Product WHERE price > (SELECT AVG(price) FROM Product);

30. Multiple-Row Subqueries

SELECT name FROM User WHERE u_id IN (SELECT u_id FROM Order WHERE
order_amount > 100);

31. queries on Set Operators -union

SELECT name FROM User

UNION
SELECT name FROM Product;

32. queries on Set Operators -Intersect

SELECT name FROM User

INTERSECT
SELECT name FROM Product;

33. queries on Set Operators -Minus

SELECT name FROM User

MINUS
SELECT name FROM Product;

34. INSERT Statement

INSERT INTO User (u_id, name, email) VALUES (103, 'David', '[email protected]');

35. UPDATE Statement

UPDATE Product SET price = price * 1.1 WHERE name = 'Laptop';

36. DELETE Statement

DELETE FROM User WHERE name = 'David';

37. PL/SQL

BEGIN
INSERT INTO User (u_id, name, email) VALUES (104, 'Eve', '[email protected]');
COMMIT;
END;

38. Create any 3 views

CREATE VIEW UserOrders AS

SELECT User.u_id, User.name, Order.order_no, Order.order_amount
FROM User
JOIN Order ON User.u_id = Order.u_id;

CREATE VIEW HighPriceProducts AS

SELECT * FROM Product WHERE price > 500;

CREATE VIEW OrderSummary AS

SELECT order_no, COUNT(*) AS product_count
FROM Order
GROUP BY order_no;

39. create Sequence

CREATE SEQUENCE user_seq START WITH 1 INCREMENT BY 1;

40. Create Index

CREATE INDEX idx_product_name ON Product(name);

41. Use Implicit cursor

BEGIN
FOR rec IN (SELECT * FROM User) LOOP
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(rec.name || ' - ' || rec.email);
END LOOP;
END;

42. Use Explicit cursor

DECLARE
CURSOR user_cur IS SELECT * FROM User;
user_rec user_cur%ROWTYPE;
BEGIN
OPEN user_cur;
 LOOP
FETCH user_cur INTO user_rec;
EXIT WHEN user_cur%NOTFOUND;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(user_rec.name);
END LOOP;
CLOSE user_cur;
END;

43. Use for iterative statement in PLSQL

BEGIN
FOR i IN 1..5 LOOP
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Iteration: ' || i);
END LOOP;
END;

44. Use Loop statement in PLSQL

DECLARE
i NUMBER := 1;
BEGIN
LOOP
EXIT WHEN i > 5;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Loop iteration: ' || i);
i := i + 1;
END LOOP;
END;

45. Use inbuilt exception

DECLARE
num NUMBER := 0;
BEGIN
num := 10 / num;
EXCEPTION
WHEN ZERO_DIVIDE THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Cannot divide by zero');
END;

46. Use User defined exception

DECLARE
e_invalid_value EXCEPTION;
value NUMBER := -1;
BEGIN
IF value < 0 THEN
RAISE e_invalid_value;
END IF;
EXCEPTION
WHEN e_invalid_value THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Invalid value provided');
END;

47. write 2 procedure

CREATE PROCEDURE add_user(u_id IN INT, name IN VARCHAR, email IN VARCHAR) IS

BEGIN
INSERT INTO User (u_id, name, email) VALUES (u_id, name, email);
END;

CREATE PROCEDURE delete_user(u_id IN INT) IS

BEGIN
DELETE FROM User WHERE u_id = u_id;
END;

48. write 2 function

1)CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION get_user_total_orders(u_id_in INT)

RETURN NUMBER IS
total_amount NUMBER := 0;
BEGIN
SELECT SUM(order_amount)
INTO total_amount
FROM Order
WHERE u_id = u_id_in;

RETURN NVL(total_amount, 0);

END;

For execution:-
SELECT get_user_total_orders(101) FROM dual;

2)
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION get_category_product_count(c_id_in INT)
RETURN NUMBER IS
product_count NUMBER := 0;
BEGIN
SELECT COUNT(*)
INTO product_count
FROM Product
WHERE c_id = c_id_in;

RETURN product_count;
END;
For execution:-
SELECT get_category_product_count(1) FROM dual;

49. write trigger

CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER trg_update_tracking_status

AFTER INSERT ON Order
FOR EACH ROW
BEGIN
INSERT INTO Tracking_Detail (t_id, order_no, status)
VALUES (tracking_detail_seq.NEXTVAL, :NEW.order_no, 'Processing');
END;