CLASS OF 2020 - Interview Questions

Notes :
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Tintash
Interview Type:
Technical

Questions:

Analytical Skills:
• Given an N by N array, how would you iterate through all the elements using only one
loop and one variable.
 • If you have to give grades like [80-100] = A, [70-80] = B, [50-70] = C, [30-50] = D, and
[<30] = F, what is the shortest possible program would you write using only a Switch
Statement (with as few cases as possible).
• Given a string of fractions separated by spaces, how would you return their sum in
fraction but with datatype of string. If input is “1 1/2 2/5“, then the output must be
“19/10”. Program must be clean and its complexity must be optimized.
• 25 Horses Problem. Details: https://mindyourdecisions.com/blog/2017/05/11/can-you-
solve-the-25-horses-puzzle-google-interview-question/
Data Structures:
• Can you find the middle node in a singly linked-list in single traversal only? Without
knowing size.
• How would you delete a node in linked-list if node pointer is given. Show working of
both singly and doubly linked-lists. Trick is to do it in O(1).
• How many stacks would you need to reverse content of a stack (answer must be in the
same stack)?
• Write code for expression validation. For example (1+3)*4.
Algorithms:
• Explain how you would choose between MergeSort and QuickSort when given dataset
with specific parameters (such as low memory, high processing power etc), which one is
efficient in what case.
• When you have a dataset that is almost sorted, meaning that most of its content is already
in order, which algorithm would work best to completely sort the data? (The answer was
surprisingly Bubble Sort and it would take O(n)).
• If we could find minimum and maximum from an array in O(1), can you devise a sorting
algorithm based on this approach. What will be its time complexity?
• Find the duplicates in an array in O(n) time complexity and O(1) space complexity.
Object Oriented Programming:
• What is inheritance, composition and aggregation, give real life examples of each.
• What is the difference between Encapsulation and Abstraction?
• How do constructors work? If I inherit a class A from B and C, which constructor will be
called first (and second) when I create an object of class A.
• How do copy constructors work? Why do we need them
• What are constant objects and can you change its attribute values?
• What is private inheritance?
Databases:
• If you are in charge of a grocery store, and you have to manage shares and profit of
suppliers while buying items (different for each category), and each item could belong to
multiple categories and each category could have multiple items, how would you design a
schema where we can easily calculate the shares/profits depending on categories. If
multiple categories overlap, then assume that the maximum share/profit will be
calculated.
• If you have a huge drawing board, how would you save all the drawings on it? You have
to store pixel values but the databases have limited storage in an entry (i.e varchar max
stores 256kb). Design schema and the approach you'd have to implement this.
• Find the number of occurrences of character ‘t’ from “Tintash”.
Web Related:
 • What is the life-cycle of ReactJs components? What is Virtual-Dom? What are higher-
order components?
• What is the purpose of Redux? Try to explain how it makes State Management easier?
Does it affect speed? And what are its components?
• What are No-SQL databases? How many have you worked with and why are they
becoming popular?
• Javascript variables are immutable, meaning that if we copy a variable to another one,
then changing content of one updates the other. How do we avoid that?

Tips for interview at Tintash:

Do not panic in any case. These interviewers specifically want you to panic because they want to
know your emotional capacity beforehand.
If you don’t know an answer, just say “I can’t recall it right now, but I’m sure there’s a way”.
Explain everything concisely and calmly. Do not rush to give the answer, think about the first
answer in your mind a little bit more deeply, it will give you some sense.

Frag Games
Interview No.
1
Interview Type:
Technical

Questions:
1. In a game, there are two types of enemies, one who spits water and one who spits fire.
Implement both of their attack functions using the concepts of abstraction and demonstrate them
using polymorphism.
2. Write a function to see if two binary trees are mirrors of each other.
3. Write a function to reverse a binary tree.
4. Write a function which takes a string as parameter and returns the longest palindrome
from that string. You can use a helper function isPalindrome which you can assume is already
implemented that takes a string type as argument and returns Boolean.
5. Write FindAndReplace(int Number, int Find, int Replace). In the number e.g. 12345, you
have to first find a given number, e.g. 4 and then replace it with e.g. 6. The catch is that you are
NOT Allowed to use any data structure or typecasting.
6. Write a function to reverse a graph.
7. Write a function to check if a graph is a Tree or not.
8. Give examples of Composition and Aggregation.
9. Diamond Problem.

I2c Inc.
Interview No.
0
Interview Type:
Recruitment Drive
Questions:
o OOP concepts
o SQL query dry run (mostly with EXISTS, ANY, IN, UNIQUE, DISTINCT)
o SQL concepts (views etc)
o Queries with operators SQL supports like mod etc
o SE/ST related questions
o Basic terms and their full forms like XML, HTML etc
o About Java language (how machine code is converted to byte code), JVM etc

Interview No.
1
Interview Type:
HR assessment
Questions:
• Essay Writing
o What is your biggest goal in life? What is your biggest career goal? Are they
somehow related?
o What is your favorite personality trait?
o What is the biggest factor in your personality you are most proud of?
• IQ (26 MCQs) / EQ (2 sections ~15-20 MCQs)

Interview No.
2
Interview
Type:
Technical
Questions:
Code:
1. Get Second Max Number in array
2. Explain your understanding of Design Pattern, polymorphism and other OOP and OOAD
related concepts via code
Note: see VP interview for a few more
Conceptual Questions:
o Introduction
Ans: "Hi, I am ----. I am from lahore. I am doing bachelors in computer science from Punjab
university college of information technology.”it's a pleasure to meet you.

2nd ans: Hi, this is ----. I am basically from ---. We are 4 siblings. I am about a CS graduate from
FAST while turning 22 being a keen badminton player.

o FYP
o Difference between Soap and RESTful API
Answer: REST API has no has no official standard at all because it is an architectural style. SOAP
API, on the other hand, has an official standard because it is a protocol. REST APIs use multiple
standards like HTTP, JSON, URL, and XML while SOAP APIs are largely based on HTTP and
XML.
o What are some compile languages?
• C
• C++
• C# (to bytecode)
• COBOL
• Cobra
• Crystal
• Fortran
• Go
• Java (to bytecode)
o Kotlin
• JavaScript (to bytecode JIT)
• Mercury

o How does the compiler work?

A compiler is a computer program that transforms source code written in a high-
level programming language into a lower level language.
Basically, a compiler consists of the following phases: Lexical Analysis, Syntax Analysis,
Semantic Analysis, IR Generation, IR Optimization, Code Generation, Optimization.

o What is a private constructor?

A private constructor is a special instance constructor. It is generally used in classes that contain
static members only. If a class has one or more private constructors and no public constructors,
other classes (except nested classes) cannot create instances of this class

o What is prototyping?
Prototypes help designers and developers build partial product implementations, which
potential end-users or customers use to provide feedback to the development team before
full-scale development begins.

o What is Agile methodology?

Ans: AGILE methodology is a practice that promotes continuous iteration of development and
testing throughout the software development life cycle of the project.Both development and testing
activities are concurrent unlike the Waterfall model
The agile software development emphasizes on four core values.

1. Individual and team interactions over processes and tools

2. Working software over comprehensive documentation
3. Customer collaboration over contract negotiation
4. Responding to change over following a plan

o What is a final method?

Ans: A final method cannot be overridden. Which means even though a sub class can call the
final method of parent class without any issues but it cannot override it. Example: class XYZ{
final void demo(){ System. println("XYZ Class Method"); } } class ABC extends XYZ{ void
demo()
o How long the sprint lasts?
a sprint is 30 days long. sprint is a fixed time period of 1-4 weeks
o What is the default specifier in Java?
Ans: private
o What is HTTP Session?
HTTP sessions is an industry standard feature that allows Web servers to maintain user identity
and to store user-specific data during multiple request/response interactions between a client
application and a Web application.
o Difference between Activity and fragments? (android)
Activity is an application component which gives user interface where user can interact.
Fragment is a part of an activity, which contribute its own UI to that activity
o What is transaction in db?
Ans: A transaction, in the context of a database, is a logical unit that is independently
executed for data retrieval or updates.
o What happens at the end of transactions? (commit/rollback)
Ans: if successful then commit else rollback, Automatic rollback happens when a query fails to
execute for any reason.
• COMMIT − to save the changes.
• ROLLBACK − to roll back the changes.

o Where can UDP be used? Give example

UDP is used for some routing update protocols like RIP(Routing Information Protocol).UDP as a
transport layer protocol: NTP (Network Time Protocol)

UDP is mailing a letter at the post office.

TCP is mailing a letter with a return receipt at the post office, except that the post master will
organize the letters in-order-of mailing and only deliver them in-order.
UDP is used when speed is desirable and error correction is not necessary. For example, UDP is
frequently used for live broadcasts and online games.

o Difference between vector and array?

The basis of Vector Array

comparison

Memory Occupy more memory than Array Memory-efficient

Length Length vary Fixed size length

Usage Frequent insertion and deletion Frequent element access

Resize Resize Vector is dynamic in Resizing arrays is expensive

nature
 Structure Template class, C++ only Contiguous memory

construct location

o Anomalies in db.
Ans: Anomalies are problems that can occur in poorly planned, unnormalized databases where all
the data is stored in one table.
There are three types of Data Anomalies: Update Anomalies, Insertion Anomalies, and Deletion
Anomalies.

o What is DDL, DML

DDL is Data Definition Language which is used to define data structures. For example: create
table, alter table are instructions in SQL. DML: DML is Data Manipulation Language which is
used to manipulate data itself. For example: insert, update, delete are instructions in SQL.
o What is NoSQL
A NoSQL originally referring to non SQL or non relational is a database that provides a
mechanism for storage and retrieval of data.
o What does big O notation tell us.
Ans: Big O notation is used in Computer Science to describe the performance or complexity of
an algorithm. Big O specifically describes the worst-case scenario, and can be used to describe
the execution time required or the space used (e.g. in memory or on disk) by an algorithm
o How is normalisation?
Ans: normalization is the process of efficiently organising data in a database. There are two main
objectives of the normalization process: eliminate redundant data (storing the same data in more
than one table) and ensure data dependencies make sense (only storing related data in a table).
o Difference in mongo dB and SQL server
Ans: 1. In SQL databases, data is stored in the form of a traditional 2 dimensional row-column
structure while in MongoDB rich data document model is followed, which allows storage of any
type of data.
2. MongoDB is more fast and scalable in comparison to the SQL server.
3. MongoDB doesn't support JOIN and Global transactions but the SQL server supports it.
4. MongoDB supports a big amount of data but the MS SQL server doesn't.

o SOLID principles
Ans: SOLID is an acronym for the five object-oriented design principles. These principles enable
developers to develop software that is easily extendable and maintainable. SOLID principles also
ensure that software can easily adapt to changing requirements.
Check this website:
S.O.L.I.D: The First 5 Principles of Object Oriented Design

o Difference between Truncate and Delete.

Ans: TRUNCATE is the DDL statement whereas DELETE is a DML statement. Below are the
differences between the two: ... TRUNCATE always removes all the rows from a table, leaving
the table empty and the table structure intact whereas DELETE may remove conditionally if the
where clause is used.
o What is the difference between Software and process?
Ans:A program is a set of repeatable instructions the computer can run, which would include a
place to start. Software is normally a set of repeatable instructions for the computer which are
stored in some general-purpose hardware (usually a hard drive or SSD, but could also be memory).
In most places, these are the same.

• Process is an executing part of a program whereas a program is a group of ordered

operations to achieve a programming goal.
• The process has a shorter and minimal lifespan whereas program has a longer lifespan.
• Process contains many resources like a memory address, disk, printer while Program needs
memory space on the disk to store all instructions.
• Process is a dynamic or active entity whereas Program is a passive or static entity.
• Process has considerable overhead whereas Program has no significant overhead cost.

o Immutable data types

Ans: Immutable Objects : These are of in-built types like int, float, bool, string, unicode, tuple.
In simple words, an immutable object can't be changed after it is created. Mutable Objects : These
are of type list, dict, set . Custom classes are generally mutable.
o What is JDBC?
Ans: Java Database Connectivity is an application programming interface for the programming
language Java, which defines how a client may access a database.
o What to use when connecting front end to oracle database
o Types of testing
o What is unit testing
Ans: UNIT TESTING is a level of software testing where individual units/ components of a
software are tested. ... A unit is the smallest testable part of any software. It usually has one or a
few inputs and usually a single output
o What servers did you use in your web programming course project?
Ans: 1. Apache Tomcat
2. Apache server
o What is SDLC
Ans: Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC) is a process used by the software industry to
design, develop and test high quality softwares.
stages(5): Planning, Analysis, Design, Implementation, and Maintenance.
phases(7): planning, requirements, design, development, testing, deployment, and maintenance.
o Difference between Agile and Waterfall Model:

Agile Waterfall

Agile can be considered as a collection of many Software development will be completed as

different projects. one single project.

o Name different types of diagrams i.e. Class, Activity, Usecase etc.

package, state, component, communication,object, sequence,Timing,State Machine Diagram.

o What is Single Responsibility Principle ?

The single-responsibility principle is a computer-programming principle that states that every
module or class should have responsibility over a single part of the functionality provided by the
software, and that responsibility should be entirely encapsulated by the class, module or function

o Difference b/w global and static variable?

1. Global variables cannot be declared inside a function whereas Static can also be declared
globally.
2. Global variables can be used by other files but static global variable can only be used in
the file where it is declared
o What is a controller?
Ans: The Controller in MVC architecture handles any incoming URL request. Controller is a class,
derived from the base class System.Web.Mvc.Controller. Controller class contains public methods
called Action methods. Controller and its action method handles incoming browser requests,
retrieves necessary model data and returns appropriate responses.
In ASP.NET MVC, every controller class name must end with a word "Controller"
o What is a model?
Ans: Model represents domain specific data and business logic in MVC architecture. It maintains
the data of the application. Model objects retrieve and store model state in the persistance store
like a database.
o What is a view?
Ans: View is a user interface. View displays data from the model to the user and also enables them
to modify the data.ASP.NET MVC views are stored in Views folder.
o What is exception handling?
Ans: Exception handling ensures that the flow of the program doesn't break when an exception
occurs. For example, if a program has bunch of statements and an exception occurs mid way after
executing certain statements then the statements after the exception will not execute and the
program will terminate abruptly
o What is DHCP?
Ans: Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) is a network management protocol used to
automate the process of configuring devices on IP networks, thus allowing them to use network
services such as DNS, NTP, and any communication protocol based on UDP or TCP. ... DHCP is
an enhancement of an older protocol called BOOTP.
o What is DNS?
Ans: The Domain Name System is a hierarchical and decentralized naming system for computers,
services, or other resources connected to the Internet or a private network.
o What is a socket?
Ans: A socket is one endpoint of a two-way communication link between two programs running
on the network. A socket is bound to a port number so that the TCP layer can identify the
application that data is destined to be sent to. An endpoint is a combination of an IP address and a
port number.
o What is a group by?
Ans: The GROUP BY Statement in SQL is used to arrange identical data into groups with the
help of some functions. i.e if a particular column has the same values in different rows then it will
arrange these rows in a group.
o What is a composite key?
Ans: in database design, a composite key is a candidate key that consists of two or more attributes
that together uniquely identify an entity occurrence. A compound key is a composite key for which
each attribute that makes up the key is a simple key in its own right.
o What is indexing?
Ans: Indexing is used to optimize the performance of a database by minimizing the number of
disk accesses required when a query is processed. The index is a type of data structure. It is used
to locate and access the data in a database table quickly.
o What does Rollback Function do?
Ans: In SQL, ROLLBACK is a command that causes all data changes since the last BEGIN
WORK , or START TRANSACTION to be discarded by the relational database management
systems (RDBMS), so that the state of the data is "rolled back" to the way it was before those
changes were made.
o Difference between primary and unique in db?
 1. Primary key will not accept NULL values whereas Unique key can accept one NULL
value.
2. A table can have only primary key whereas there can be multiple unique key on a
table.
3. A Clustered index automatically created when a primary key is defined whereas
Unique key generates the non-clustered index.

o What are orphan threads? How are they created?

Ans: An orphan process is a computer process whose parent process has finished or terminated,
... process as its parent, it is still called an orphan process since the process that originally created
it no longer exists. Instead, they are adopted by init (process ID 1), which waits on its children.
When a parent dies before its child, the child is automatically adopted by the original “init” process
whose PID is 1.
o What is composition? Real life example?
Ans: Composition relationships are part-whole relationships where the part must constitute part
of the whole object.
An example of a composition is a flower arrangement. An example of a composition is a
manuscript. An example of a composition is how the flowers and vase are arranged in Van Gogh's
painting Sunflowers.
o What is polymorphism? Real life example?
Ans: The process of representing one form in multiple forms is known as
Polymorphism.Polymorphism is not a programming concept but it is one of the principal of
OOPs. For many objects oriented programming language polymorphism principle is common but
whose implementations are varying from one objects oriented programming language to another
object oriented programming language.
Example: Suppose if you are in class room that time you behave like a student, when you are in
market at that time you behave like a customer, when you at your home at that time you behave
like a son or daughter, Here one person present in different-different behaviors
what is black box and white box t
esting differentiate between them
o what is black box(Behavioral Testing) and white box testing(Glass box testing) differentiate
between them
Black Box Testing is a software testing method in which the internal structure/ design/
implementation of the item being tested is not known to the tester. White Box Testing is a software
testing method in which the internal structure/ design/ implementation of the item being tested is
known to the tester.

o what are acid properties in database?

Ans: ACID (atomicity, consistency, isolation, durability) is a set of properties of database transactions
intended to guarantee validity even in the event of errors, power failures, etc.
o Familiarity with terminal instruction in Linux.
Ans: Launch a terminal from your desktop's application menu and you will see the bash
shell. There are other shells, but most Linux distributions use bash by default.
o How can you see running processes through a instruction in terminal? How can you quit a
process using a terminal instruction?
Ans: killall is a tool for terminating running processes on your system based on
name. In contrast, kill terminates processes based on Process ID number (PID).
kill and killall can also send specific system signals to processes.

o What does chmod instruction do in terminal?

In Unix and Unix-like operating systems, chmod is the command and system call which
is used to change the access permissions of file system objects (files and directories). It
is also used to change special mode flags. The request is filtered by the umask. The
name is an abbreviation of change mode.

o what are design patterns?

Ans: In software engineering, a design pattern is a general repeatable solution to a commonly
occurring problem in software design

o what is sprint?
Ans: Sprint is one timeboxed iteration of a continuous development cycle.

o what is the difference between sdlc and waterfall model?

Ans: A software development life cycle (SDLC) is a structured approach to the

development of software. ... On the other hand, the Waterfall model is a classic
approach to software development that follows a linear and sequential method to
deliver software product.
o What is the difference between return and exit.
Ans: exit() is a system call which terminates current process. ... Whereas, return() is a C
language instruction/statement and it returns from the current function (i.e. provides exit
status to calling function and provides control back to the calling function).

Interview No.
3
Interview Type:
HR
Questions:

• Intro?
• Fyp?
• Your role? If team leader what was the biggest challenge you faced?
• What you did in fyp 1 and then fyp 2?
• Your Hobbies? Question related to your hobbies?
• required pay?
• What companies have you applied at?
• What will you consider before joining a company?
• questions about family
• Introduction
• GPA
• Do you know what i2c does?
• Plans for further studies or moving abroad

Interview No.
4
Interview Type:
VP interview

This one mostly has leading questions.

Questions:
• Introduction
• FYP and your role in it
• How to go to middle element of linked list in one go
• How to find 2nd largest largest element in linkedlist
• How to go to nth last element of linked list in one go/one loop
• Why was Vector built/advantages?
• Implement Vector using primitive data types?
• Given a sorted array how will you create a balanced binary tree from it ?
My answer involved using a Set, so he asked how to do it without help of Set
• What is 1nf,2nf,3nf
• A dictionary has many words and a word has many meanings, what will be its relation
 One-one/one-many/many-many
• Details of redundancy it involves and how to remove many-many redundancy.
• Difficult program you have ever written?
• If there are 3 tyres, each tyre worn out after 30 KM how much distance can you travel
with these tyres on a bike?
• If there are 3 bulbs inside a room and a board outside has 3 switches belonging to those
bulbs. How would you tell which switch maps to which bulb by only turning on one
switch at the time. You cannot look into the room to see the status of bulbs.
o The trick is to first turn on one switch and let the bulbs glow for some time. Then
turn it off and press another switch and go inside the room. The bulb that is on is
mapped to the switch that you pressed at the end. The bulb that is off but warm
belongs to the switch you pressed first. Lastly the bulb that is off and not warm
belongs to the last switch.
• What are aggregate Functions?
• There was a given scenario and I had to write a query for it ?
• What is indexing ?
• Give a daily life example of polymorphism?
• Difference between compile time and run time binding?
• Difference between association and aggregation ?
• What are cookies ?
• Name layers of TCP/IP stack ?
• How would you find duplicates in an array in O(n)?
• How can you implement a queue using stack ?

Interview by Assistant Director

• Intro
• Tell me about Fyp?
• Your role in Fyp?
• Algorithms that you have used?
• Other related questions to fyp?
• Cases in which your Algorithms will fail?
• How can we implement Cache in Android?
• Rate your skills/knowledge about Web,Android and Web Services out of 10?
• Difference b/w SOAP and Restful api?
• Why do we even implement Web services? Why are they needed exactly, can't we manage without them?
• If an APP has a 2 star rating how will you take it to 4?
• If you have the power to make decision whether to lift up or not the lockdown due to COVID-19 what
are the things you will factor before making a decision?

Interview Type:
AI department
Questions:
• What are support vectors in SVMs
• Box plot, scatter plot, correlation, overfitting, imbalanced data, outlier detection, anomaly
detection, interquartile range, non-functional requirements of data science, fill missing
values, activation functions, loss function, why sigmoid is not good activation function
 • Delete column in DB, SQL questions
• Software engineering questions like name software processes - agile etc.

Xavor
Interview No.

1
Interview Type:
Technical
Questions:
• Concepts of oop (Abstraction, encapsulation, polymorphism)
• Difference between interface and abstract class
• Dry running polymorphism code
• Static objects, methods
• Check if string is a palindrome
• Reverse a singly linked list
• Write singleton class code
• Imagine you start a company, what would be most important for you
• 8 balls problem, 1 is heavy; find in least number of tries
• 3 cups problem (https://www.glassdoor.com/Interview/There-are-three-boxes-one-
contains-only-apples-one-contains-only-oranges-and-one-contains-both-apples-and-
oranges-The-b-QTN_114922.htm)
• Database query with joins and aggregate functions
• Definition of join
• what is oop
• 4 pillars of oop
• tell about your fyp
• What is encapsulation? Do private and other identifiers play a role in encapsulation?
• What is polymorphism? Its types?
• What is inheritance? how is it different from encapsulation?
• What is a friend function?
• Give some examples of polymorphism from your surroundings.
• What is the interface?
• What is abstract class?What is pure abstract class?
• Difference between abstract and pure abstract class and interface?
• How to create only 1 instance of a class (singleton design pattern)
• About different design patterns.
• What is a singleton pattern? How is it different from a static function?
• Difference between shallow and deep copy.
• Difference between clustered and non-clustered index.
• Difference between drop and truncate.
• Difference between unique vs unique all query.
 • What is stack? how do you remove and insert in stack ?
• What is queue ? how do you insert and remove from queue?
• Algorithm of removal of nodes from doubly linked list
• Normalization and its types
• Joins and its types
• What sort of animal are you?
• Would you prefer to work in a team or on a project which requires an individual only?
• Any chance of further studies?
• Missing Dollar Riddle : https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Missing_dollar_riddle

Interview No.
2
Interview Type:
VP interview
Questions:
• Introduce yourself
• prior experience details?
• Languages you are most comfortable with?
• What is life?
• Tell about your FYP
• your passion in CS?
• Witch, wand and broom puzzle

Interview No.
2
Interview Type:
AI team interview
Questions:
• Introduce your FYP
• Role of ML/DL in your FYP
• Which models are you using?
• What is GAN?
• Explain purpose of activation function?
• Explain convolutional process
• Parts of autoencoders
• Why are you using Deep Learning and not machine learning?
• Difference b/w random Forest and decision tree?
• How do you decide the top node in the decision tree?
• What is information gain?
• Several questions about CNN
 SSI
Interview No.
1
Interview Type:
hr/managerial
Questions:
• Explain fyp
• Role in fyp
• Why is it not hot at the top of a mountain?
• What does ton in AC mean?
• Difference between coronavirus and Covid-19
• Your passions except for CS?
• Introduce yourself?
• What should be the end of PSL-V? (give trophy to table-toppers Multan or not and why)
• questions related to hobbies
• How and where you would invest 50,000 rupees to get maximum profit.
• Last book you read?
• If you have 100 Rupees how much amount would you have after 10 years with interest
of 10% per year
• Any field that gained advantage due to Corona outbreak (other than Medical)
• How much maximum score can be made in 10 Overs by a single player?
Ans: 9 (6*6*6*6*6*3) + 1 (6*6*6*6*6*6) = 333

Interview No.
2&3
Interview Type:
Technical
Questions:
• Explain fyp
• Role in fyp
• Technologies you are comfortable with
• Technologies you want to work in
• CV specific questions (want to work in front end frameworks? They will check what you
already know?)
• Polymorphism related examples
• How polymorphism works?
• What is Inheritance
• Write pseudo code to find sum of remaining items except current in O(n)
• What is indexing in db?
• Types of indexes?
 • Which language are you more comfortable in? Language specific questions like if it is
python then they will ask how you manage OOP related concepts in python and how they
differ from C++ and Java
• Why use a hashmap / dictionary ?
• What databases have you worked with?
• What frameworks have you worked in?
• What algos do you know?
• Have you ever used binary search in real life?
• Check for balanced parentheses.
• How to reverse an Integer?
• Left/Right Outer Join.
• Difference between Stack and Queue.
• How will we make a Queue class? (vars and methods required)

Arbisoft

Interview No.
0
Questions:
(Next pages have images)
Interview No.
1
Interview Type:
Technical
Questions:
• What is Function overloading?
• What is inheritance, Polymorphism.
• Explain composition with example
• What is Function overriding?
• What Data Structure will you use to save images such that same images are close
together? Ans=> Hash map
• Is the address size of memory same?
• Copy constructor concept
• Deep copy and shallow copy difference?
• Quick sort vs merge sort
• Joins in database (diff. b/w inner join and outer join)
• Find out ball with diff. Weight out of 8 balls in max 3 tries. (8 or 9 balls, i don’t
remember the exact fig)
 Uworx
Interview No.
1
Interview Type:
Technical
Questions:
• Asked questions about your test in their recruitment drive at FAST
• What is inheritance, Polymorphism. Abstraction?
• A lot of Question about Prototype Design pattern
• Singleton Design pattern along with Prototype. How would the structure be changed
now?
• Explain your FYP and your roll

Afiniti
Data Analyst
Questions which Senior Data Analyst (My interviewer) asked me were (1st Interview):
• What do I know about the role of a data analyst?
• How important is data analytics?
• What are my interests?
• Which tools do I use (including all the fields whether data analytics or others like web
designing, software development ky tools etc)
• My area of motivation in computer science and why it motivates me ?
• What I opt to learn and why? Like I told him I want to be better at pandas although I have
worked on it a little bit. The answer was very long but you get the gist of it.
• He told me about three domains which are of data visualization (communicating directly
with the client and dealing with graphical data), Data analytics and fundamentals of data
and asked me which one I will prefer or be comfortable working in?
• What do you know about Afiniti?
• Why did you choose Afiniti?
• What motivates you and why?
• Do you ever want to start your own startup?
• What did I learn from the university life I had and how it helped me?
• Most helpful course teacher
 • Most helpful mentor
• Questions from my resume like some skills I had mentioned he asked me to justify
those.
• And the societies I took part in, how that helped?
• If I would want to travel abroad for my masters or for the sake of job
• Asked me if I have ever done freelance work. If yes what was it if no then why not?
• And I had uploaded some projects on GitHub and provided their links on my CV, he
asked to tell him the details of the most interesting project I have uploaded among all.
What makes it interesting, my effort towards it and how it helped my learning?

Data Analyst's Interview at Afiniti (Continued).

Interview with Head of Analytics Department (Mr. Yasir Zamir Ahmad). This was the
second technical interview I had.

1. Tell me about yourself.

2. What do you know about Afiniti?
3. What made you want to come to Afiniti?
4. Is any of your friend or senior already working at Afiniti?
5. How did you come to know about Afiniti?
6. Two statistics related questions.
7. SQL Query: What is the most repeated firstname in the given table?
8. SQL Query: Show the persons who don't have a last name.
Tip: In this question we have to deal with the null values, blank spaces and empty set,
too.
9. Will you be willing to give your 100% percent?
10. Any questions your would like to ask.

Pentaloop
First Technical Interview

Coding Questions:
NOTE: stacks, queues, and hashmaps, etc are not allowed
1. Check if a character is in the string.
2. Check if the array contains anything other than the integers.
3. Insert an element in the middle of the Linked List (LL).
4. Find the 3rd last element in a LL.
5. Find the first non-repeating character in a string.
6. Merge 2 arrays, sorted in ascending order, in a descending order.
7. Find if the string contains balanced parentheses.
8. Find the 2nd largest integer in an array.
Questions on Analytical / CS concepts:
1. How will you code: Calculation of the angle between hour hand and minute hand?
2. How will you check if a given number is in the power of 2 in programming without using
maths' log function?
3. Swap two variables without using the third.
4. Types of Polymorphism.
5. Types of Association in OOAD.
6. An array of million integers are given, integers are in the range of 0-9, can it be sorted in
O(n)?

Others
1. About FYP?
2. Fields interested in / Preferences?
3. Any job offers yet?

Zameen Interview Preparation

Here are some pointers those will help you prepare for the Zameen tech interview.

Screening
For screening, we use HackerRank or a similar platform. Here are some quick tips to clear this
phase.
• Practice, practice, practice. If you can solve medium level problems on HackerRank,
then you should clear our screening.
• The primary objective is to solve a problem(s) efficiently. It need not be the most efficient
solution. However, where an O(n log n) solution is possible with a \\bit of thinking, don’t
settle on O(n2 ).
• The secondary objective is code readability and maintainability. Once you have solved a
problem, take some time to clean it up and make it concise.
Our recommendation is to use the same language at the screening that you intend to use in the
main interview later. Use the language that you have the best mastery of. Be aware of general
good practices associated with your favorite programming language.

Main Interview
Our colleagues in SectorLabs will conduct the main technical interview. It has three parts.
Problem Solving
First, there will be a live coding session to solve a problem on your local IDE with screen
sharing. Try thinking out loud to engage the interviewers, and explain your thought process and
reasoning.

If you can think of multiple solutions, talk about them before jumping in. Work your way up from
trivial to an optimal solution, and don’t forget to address time and space complexities at each
level.

For more help, see: https://yangshun.github.io/tech-interview-handbook/cheatsheet/

Code Review
You’ll be given a piece of code to review. You may not clear this phase if you have an ad hoc
approach to code reviews.

See this link for a few pointers: https://google.github.io/eng-practices/review/reviewer/looking-

for.html

System Design
You are being interviewed for a team that is working on a database driven business app which
can potentially have a few thousand concurrent users. Your system design skills should be
reasonable for such a level of scale.

You should be able to work through a system design problem progressively, as more
constraints are being added. You’ll be required to talk about design tradeoffs as well as pros
and cons of different approaches about a specific design problem

Devsinc Interview Preparation

FYP
semester projects(CV)
Inheritance
Polymorphism
Class vs object
diff bt hiding and abstraction
types of DSA
factorial using recursion
palindrome all methods and solve using optimized method
tree traversal(a diagram was given)

Class vs struct
 why normalization
advantages of normalization
what is indexing and disadvantages
which sorting algorithm is best suited for integers array

TrimusLabs
Balancing Parentheses:
(on next pages)
Fibonacci:
(on next page)
Filtering Strings:
CUREMD
Rolustech
Technical Test:
Duration: 2 hours

Total Marks: 100

1. Describe yourself and your goals.

2. What was the most challenging problem you solved and how you
solved it?
3. Write an essay on the “Impact of AI on Society”.

4. State differences between Thread and Process. (Answer)

5. What are the different types of algorithms? (Answer)

6. State difference between ‘Join’ and ‘Sub-Query’. (Answer)

7. What are database anomalies and how to fix these? (Answer)

8. Two trains and a bird problem. (Detail)

9. Mutilated Chessboard Problem. (Detail)

10. In a certain code, COMPUTER is written as PMOCRETU, how is

DECIPHER written in that code? (Answer)

11. Write a code to remove duplicates from a linked list.

12. Write a code to reverse a linked list.

13. Write a pseudo-code for: Given three age groups and marks,
divide the students into different sections based on age and marks.

Notes:
· Don’t spend too much time on non-technical questions or you will run out of time

· Attempt every single question

· For more analytical problems, check these links: Link1, Link2.

· For coding preparation, solve HackerRank’s SQL and DSA questions. (All ‘Easy’
ones and few ‘Medium’ ones)

· While preparation, don’t just read solutions, practice and solve problems yourself!

· Don’t rely only on above provided links

Technical Interview #1
Interviewer: Mr. Abdul Rauf

Duration: 45 mins – 1 hour

1. Differentiate between a Web App and a Desktop App.

2. Differentiate between Overriding and Overloading.

3. What is a browser session and why is it needed?

4. Given 500 pages, how would you sort them manually?

(Bucket Sort, Divide & Conquer)

5. State the output of two Javascript codes (Resume-based)

a. One was related to ‘Callback functions’. The program

printed even and odd numbers but even numbers were
being printed via a callback function therefore, odd
numbers were printed first and even numbers second –
despite being in the same loop

b. If(a = False) { //statement } – Would the statement be

printed? Is the syntax correct? The statement won’t be
printed. The syntax is correct.

6. Write a code to find x^y using recursion.

a. Watch out for the edge cases e.g. negative numbers in
this case.
Notes:
· Read multiple discussions/posts for above non-coding questions. None of the
question had a simple short answer. The interviewer counter asked many related
questions to assess the candidate’s thought process and knowledge

· Don’t stay too quiet in front of the interviewer. Keep sharing your thoughts about
the problem, while also taking reasonable pauses to think clearly

· A significant portion of this interview was based on the tech stack mentioned on
my resume (e.g. Javascript in my case), therefore, be prepared for what you have
written on your resumes

· If nothing comes in mind, don’t feel shy from asking for a hint/suggestion from the
interviewer

Technical Interview #2
Interviewer: Mr. Adnan Nasir

Duration: 1 hour – 1 hour 30 mins

1. What was the most challenging problem you solved?

2. Questions about FYP:
a. Explain FYP briefly
b. Why this FYP and why on this particular platform
(Desktop in my case)?
c. Did you complete it? How did you solve the problem?
d. What difficulties did you face?
e. Were you the team lead? If yes, how did you plan the
project?

3. Do you consider yourself a technology person? How much

would you rate yourself for having awareness with current
technology?
 a. What technology does Samsung use in their display
screens? (AMOLED)
b. What is the difference between LCD and LED? (Answer)
c. Why Samsung claims their displays are battery-
efficient? (Because AMOLED doesn’t light up the diodes
when showing the black color. Other LEDs keep the diodes
lighted for displaying black color but Samsung’s AMOLEDs
turn off the diodes. This way, when most of the screen is
black, much of the diodes are turned off and black color is
displayed while taking no battery)
d. What is Infrared? How is it used in today’s technology?

4. There is an app that runs on both smartphones and tablets.

The data is stored both online and offline.
a. Explain how data would be stored offline and how it
would remain consistent with the online data.
b. Explain the complete data flow and architecture of the
system.
c. How many layers there would be?
d. At which layer data would be stored offline and sent to
server? Would both these step happen at same layer?
e. If two users login in the same device that is currently
offline, would the previous user’s data be discarded? How
offline data will remain consistent with online data in this
case?
f. How to send data to multiple databases?

Answer:
· This question can have multiple answers, however, some accepted
answers from my long discussion with the interviewer are: Overall,
MVC could be used. There will be two views (mobile and tablet). Each
users’ data will be stored in their own objects offline. Upon the device
getting online, a trigger would send all the objects’ data to server in the
correct order. Hence, data will remain consistent. This step could be
done at the layer that implements the backend that is the interface
between Controller and Model. Different interfaces would handle the
data sending to different databases. There shouldn’t be any change in
Controller code if database is changed.
· I also explained how data will flow through MVC in this case (2
views, 1 controller, N interfaces, N models)
5. There is a meeting scheduler system. A meeting has multiple
attributes: datetime, person, location etc. One meeting can be
repeated. It can also be set to forever (every day/week/year). The
meeting data is stored in a table ‘Meeting’.
a. How would you handle the repeated occurrences of the
same meeting?
b. How would you handle infinite occurrences of the same
meeting?

Answer:
· Again, this has no fixed answer. My accepted answers were:
Meeting data would be stored in the ‘Meeting’ table. However, if same
meeting is repeated, that meeting reference would be stored in other
table ‘Repeated Meetings’ via Foreign Key with 1:1 relation. The
reference record will store also occurrences as a field/attribute. If same
meeting is scheduled 3 times, the occurrences value will be 3 and so
on (With logic, we can determine the next days). If a meeting is
scheduled for forever, the occurrences value will be ‘-1’ (or any other
that can act as a flag for infinite)

6. You have to develop an app for nurses that have to cater multiple
patients. The main feature should be to allow nurses to get
notification when a patient be checked by another nurse, so other
nurses don’t attend to that patient.
a. Who should have the patient’s data? The doctor? The
nurses? The patient?
b. How would the stack of patient records be maintained
in different branches of the hospital? How would a doctor
receive the latest patient’s info from the nurses?
c. How would you design the DB for this app?
d. How would you implement the notification system?
e. How would a device receive notification if its offline?

Answer:
· This one took the longest time. Multiple examples and scenarios
were given with the same problem/system. Some accepted answers:
In real life, the patient’s data shouldn’t be with nurses as it can cause
consistency issues if multiple nurses cater the same patient. The data
should be with patient himself (e.g. a patient brings his own medical
report during checkup). In DB, there will be multiple tables. e.g.
 Patient, Nurses, etc. The Patient data will get updated upon having
checked with a nurses. The other nurses will receive notification of
patient’s change of data

· How the notification would be received from server to local site if

device is idle/offline? I answered with Observer pattern, broadcast
receiver, listeners but nothing worked. “Go and study Push
Notifications,” the interviewer said.

Final Interview
Interviewer: Mr. Hammad Hassan

Duration: 1 hour – 1 hour 30 mins

1. Personal Questions:
a. How many siblings?
b. What do parents do?
c. Why choose CS?
d. Why FAST?
e. Any plan for Masters? Why not?
f. Why apply in Rolustech?

2. What is polymorphism and why do we need it? (“The reason why you
use polymorphism is when you build generic frameworks that take a whole
bunch of different objects with the same interface. When you create a new
type of object, you don't need to change the framework to accommodate
the new object type, as long as it follows the "rules" of the object.” -
Source)

3. Why do we use datatypes? (Memory Management)

4. Write a code to delete a node from linked list in constant time given the
node’s reference.

5. Your team has been working for nine months for a client. On last
month, a team member forgets to commit the three weeks’ worth of code
and loses that code as well.
 a. Whose fault is this? (Team’s fault. The team should have
kept the commits of each other in check. And should have
given reminder to the team member who wasn’t committing.)
b. How would you deal with client? Would you lie to him? (No
fixed answer. Accepted answers and suggestions by
interviewer: Don’t blame anyone. Have a discussion with client
right away about impact of loss, recovery time, extended
deadline etc. Be honest with client but don’t share too much
about the mistake. If he is reasonable he would understand, if
he is not – truth or not, nothing would work. Have a team
discussion, devise a plan for recoding, and don’t repeat the
same mistake again.)

Notes:
· Always ask questions from the interviewer. It gives you insight about
the company and the people you will potentially work with/under. It also
shows your interest in the company and tells about your personality.

Coding Challenge:
Duration: 30 mins
It was a database related challenge. A database of songs was given in PhpMyAdmin
and a single MySQL query had to be written to obtain data from multiple tables. The
query involved multiple joins and a subquery. The data required was Song Title,
Uploaded By, Latest Comment, Upload Date and Average Rating. The data also
needed to be ordered by multiple fields.

Notes:
· Practice SQL Join and Group By questions on HackerRank (Easy and
few Medium) and SQLZOO (or others)
· Understand the given database properly before attempting the query
· Do handle the empty fields in the result!