GOVERNMENT OF TAMILNADU

DIRECT RECRUITMENT FOR THE

POST OF POST GRADUATE ASSISTANTS /
PHYSICAL EDUCATION DIRECTORS – GRADE-I

SYLLABUS
2024-2025
MATHEMATICS

State Council of Educational Research and Training

Chennai - 600 006.
The wise
possess all
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SUBJECT : MATHEMATICS
SYLLABUS

Unit I ALGEBRA
Groups – Examples – Cyclic Groups – Permutation Groups – Lagrange’s theorem –
Normal subgroups – Homomorphism – Cayley’s theorem – Cauchy’s theorem –
Sylow’s theorems – Finite Abelian Groups.

Rings – Integral Domain – Field – Ring Homomorphism – Ideals and Quotient

Rings – Field of Quotients of Integral domains – Euclidean Rings – Polynomial
Rings – Unique factorization domain.

Fields – Extension fields – Elements of Galois theory – Finite fields.

Vector Spaces – Linear independence of Bases – Dual spaces – Inner product

spaces – Linear transformations – Rank – Characteristic roots – Matrices –
Canonical forms – Diagonal forms – Triangular forms – Nilpotent transformations
– Jordan form – Quadratic forms and Classification – Hermitian, Unitary and
Normal transformations.

Unit II REAL ANALYSIS

Elementary set theory – Finite, countable and uncountable sets – Real number
system as a complete ordered field – Archimedean Property – Supremum,
infimum, Sequences and Series – Convergence – limit supremum – limit infimum
– The Bolzano – Weierstrass theorem – The Heine – Borel Covering theorem –
Continuity, Uniform Continuity, Differentiability – The Mean Value theorem for
derivatives – Sequences and Series of functions – Uniform convergence.

Riemann – Stieltjes integral: Definition and existence of the integral –

properties of the integral – Integral and Differentaition – Integration of vector
valued functions – Sequences and Series of functions: Uniform convergence –
Continuity, Integration and Differentiation.

Power series – Fourier series.

Functions of several variables – Directional derivative – Partial derivative –

derivative as a linear transformation – The Inverse function theorem and
The Implicit function theorem.
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Unit III TOPOLOGY

Topological spaces – Basis – The order Topology – The product Topology –
The subspace Topology – Closed sets and limit points.

Continuous functions – The box and product Topologies – The matrix Topology.

Connected spaces – Connected subspaces of the real line – Components and

local connectedness – compact spaces – Compact subspaces of the real line –
Limit point compactness – Local compactness.

Countability and separation Axioms – Normal spaces – The Urysohn Lemma –

The Urysohn metrization theorem – The Tietze extension theorem.

Unit IV COMPLEX ANALYSIS

Introduction to the concept of analytic function: Limits and continuity –
Analytic functions – Polynomials and rational functions – Elementary theory
of power series – Maclaurin’s series – Uniform convergence – Power series and
Abel’s limit theorem – Analytic functions as mapping – Conformality arcs and
Closed curves – Analytical functions in regions – Conformal mapping – Linear
transformations – the linear group, the cross ratio and symmetry.

Complex integration – Fundamental theorems – line integrals – rectifiable arcs –

line integrals as functions of arcs – Cauchy’s theorem for a rectangle – Cauchy’s
theorem in a Circular disc – Cauchy’s integral formula: The index of a point with
respect to a closed curve – The integral formula – Higher derivatives – Local
properties of Analytic functions and removable singularities – Taylor’s theorem
– Zeros and Poles – The local mapping – The maximum modulus Principle.

Unit V FUNCTIONAL ANALYSIS

Banach Spaces – Definition and examples – Holder’s inequality and Minkowski’s
inequality – Continuous linear transformations – The Hahn-Banach theorem –
Natural imbedding of X in X** – The Open mapping and The Closed graph
theorem – Properties of conjugate of an operator.

Hilbert spaces – Orthonormal bases – Conjugate space H* – Adjoint of an

operator – Projections – Matrices – Basic operations of matrices – Determinant
of a matrix – Determinant and Spectrum of an operator – Spectral theorem for
operators on a finite dimensional Hilbert space – Regular and Singular elements
in a Banach Algebra – Topological divisor of zero – Spectrum of an element in a
Banach algebra – The formula for the spectral radius – Radical and semi-simplicity.
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Unit VI DIFFERENTIAL GEOMETRY

Curves in spaces – Serret – Frenet formulae – Locus of centers of curvature
– Spherical curvature – Intrinsic equations – Helices – Spherical Indicatrix
Surfaces – Curves on a surface – Surface of revolution – Helicoids – Gaussian
curvature – First and Second fundamental forms – Isometry – Meusnier’s theorem
– Euler’s theorem- lines of curvature – Dupin’s Indicatrix – Asymptotic lines –
Edge of regression – Developable surfaces associated to a curve – Geodesics –
Conjugate points on Geodesics.

Unit VII DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS

Ordinary Differential Equations
Linear differential equation with constant and variable co-efficients – Linear
dependence and independence – Wronskian – Non homogeneous equations of
order two and n – Initial value problems for nth order equations – Second order
equations with ordinary point and regular singular points – Legendre Equations
– Bessel’s equation – Hermite’s equation and their properties – Existence and
Uniqueness of solutions to first order equations – Exact equation – Lipschitz
condition – Non local existence of Solution – Approximation to Uniqueness of
solutions.

Partial Differential Equations

Lagrange and Charpit methods for solving first order Partial Differential
equations – Classification of Second order partial differential equations – General
solution of higher order partial differential equation with constant co-efficients
– Method of separation of variables for Laplace, Heat and Wave equations (upto
two dimensions only).

Unit VIII CLASSICAL MECHANICS AND NUMERICAL ANALYSIS

Classical Mechanics
Generalised Co-ordinates – Lagrange’s equations – Hamilton’s Canonical
equations – Hamilton’s principle – Principle of least action – Canonical
transformations – Differential forms and Generating functions – Lagrange and
Poisson brackets.

Numerical Analysis
Numerical solutions of algebraic and transcendental equations – Method of
iteration – Newton Raphson method – Rate of convergence – Solution of Linear
algebraic equations using Gauss elimination and Gauss – Seidel methods.
Finite differences – Lagrange, Hermite and Spline Interpolation, Numerical
differentiation and integration – Numerical solutions of Ordinary differential
equations using Picard, Euler, Modified Euler and Runge- Kutta methods.
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Unit IX OPERATIONS RESEARCH

Linear programming problem – Simplex Methods – Duality – Dual Simplex
Method – Revised Simplex Method – Integer Programming Problem – Dynamic
Programming – Non linear programming – Network Analysis – Directed Network
– Max Flow Min Cut theorem – Queuing theory – Steady State solutions of
M/M/1, M/M/1 with limited waiting space, M/M/C, M/M/C with limited waiting
space, M/G/1 models – Inventory models – Deterministic models with and
without shortages – Single Price break models.

Unit X PROBABILITY THEORY

Sample space – Discrete Probability – Independent events – Baye’s theorem –
Random variables and Distribution functions (Univariate and Multivariate) –
Expectation and Moments – Moment Generating function – Characteristic
functions and Cumulants – Independent Random variables – Marginal and
conditional distributions – Probability inequalities (Tchebyshev, Markov, Jensen) –
Modes of convergence, Weak and Strong laws of large numbers – Central limit
theorem (i.i.d case).
Probability distributions – Binomial, Poisson, Uniform, Normal, Exponential,
Gamma, Beta, Cauchy distributions – Standard Errors – Sampling distributions
of t, F and Chi square and their uses in tests of significance – ANOVA – Large
sample tests for mean and proportions.