STATISTICS & PROBABILITY

STATISTICS 17. Determine the root mean square (RMS) of the numbers 2.7,
Ungrouped Data 3.2, 3.8 and 4.3.
SITUATION. Given set of scores: 78,95,83,78,80, 89,98,86 18. Suppose the attendance at a movie theater averages 780 with
1. Calculate the mean. the standard deviation of 40. What z-sore corresponds to an
2. Calculate the median. attendance of 835.
3. Calculate the mode. 19. A baseball player with a batting average of 0.250 has 12
4. Calculate the range. official at- bats in a three game – series. What is the mean and
standard deviation of his batting probability distribution?
5. Calculate the sample standard deviation.
20. Rolling a die 20 times. Find the mean and variance in the
6. Calculate the sample variance.
event of rolling a six.
7. Determine the P30, D4, Q1, and Q3. FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLE OF COUNTING
8. Determine the interquartile range. 21. A leading developer of a new subdivision offers a
Grouped Data perspective buyer a choice of 5 designs, 3 different colors, 4
SITUATION.A Math Professor gives the following scores to his different lot area and 2 different heating systems. How many
students. different plans are available to the buyer?
Frequency 1 2 4 6
22. If a pair of dice is thrown, how many outcomes are possible?
Numbers 30 42 50 60
23. How many committees consisting of one boy and one girl
9. Find the weighted mean of the scores. can be selected from a group of 3 boys and 2 girls?
a.56.41 b.51.85 c.56.78 d.55.34
24. How many three-place numbers can be formed with the digit
10. Compute the standard deviation. 1, 2, 3, 5 if (a) each digit can be used only once? (b) any digit
11. If ∑ 𝑥 2 = 38, ∑ 𝑦 2 = 26, ∑ 𝑥𝑦 = −23, find can be repeated?24, 64
∑(𝑥 + 𝑦)2
25. From the digits 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 how many three digit
12. If the variable x assumes the value 1, 3 and 5 while those of numbers can be formed if each digit can be used only once?
the variable y are 2, 4 and 6, calculate the value of∑ 𝑥 2 𝑦 188 a. 120 b. 210 c. 108 d. 180
13. If the median (Md) is 57.22 and the mean (M) is 55.78, find 26. From the digits 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 how many three digit
the mode (Mo) by using the empirical formula M- Mo = 3(M- odd number can be formed if each digit can be used only once?
Md). 60.10 75
14. Evaluate ∑3𝑖=1(𝑖 2 − 1) 27. From the digits 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 how many three digit
15. Find the geometric mean of 2, 3, 3, 5, 7 and 8. even number can be formed if each digit can be used only once?
16. If the variance of a sample is 29 and its arithmetic mean is 105
11, find the root mean square.
 28. From the digits 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 how many three digit 39. There are 5 persons to be seated in a row of 5 chairs. If the
numbers greater than 330 can be formed if each digit can be used two of them does not want to be seated together, in how many
only once?105 ways can they be seated?72
PERMUTATION Circular Permutation
Linear Permutation of Distinct Objects SITUATION. In the episode “The Wedding Squanchers”, Rick,
29. In how many ways can 8 persons be seated in a row of 8 Morty, Jerry, Summer, Beth, Noob, Mr. Meeseeks, and Mr.
chairs? 40, 320 Poopybutthole were invited to attend Birdperson and Tammy’s
30. In how many ways can 5 persons be seated in a row of 9 wedding in the Planet Squanch. Right after the wedding ceremony
chairs?15, 120 they are all asked to sit around a circular table for the toast, bride and
31. Four different colored flags can be hung in a row to make groom excluded. In how many ways can they arrange themselves
coded signal. How many signals can be made if a signal consists such that:
of the display of one or more flags? 40. No restriction is imposed.
Linear permutation of things some of which are Alike 41. Rick and Morty must always sit together.
32. How many different ways can 3 blue, 2 red, and 4 yellows 42. Mr. Meeseeks and Mr. Poopybutthole must not sit together.
bulbs be arranged in a string of Christmas tree lights with nine 43. In how many ways can they be seated around the circular table
sockets? 1,260 if it has only 6 available seats.
33. How many distinct permutations can be made from the COMBINATION
letters of the word “ENGINEERING”? 44. How many number combinations can be made from a
34. In how many ways can 7 scientists be assigned to one triple MEGA lotto ?
and t two double hotel rooms? 45. From a group of professionals consisting of 5 Engineers and
a. 210 b. 220 c. 230 d. 240 4 Architects, find the number of committees that can be formed
35. Nine people are going on a skiing trip in 3 cars that hold 2, 4, consisting of 5 professionals?126
and 5 passengers, respectively. In how many ways is it possible to 46. Given 8 non-collinear points in a plane, a) how many lines
transport the 9 people to the ski lodge, using all cars? can be drawn? b) How many triangles can be drawn? c) How
Linear Permutation of Grouped Things many circles can be drawn?
36. There are 15 books. Of these, there are 5 Mathematics, 7 47. From a group of professionals consisting of 5 Engineering
Physics, and 3 books on Chemistry. In how many ways can they and 4 Architects, find the number of committees that can be
be arranged in shelf if three subjects are to be grouped together? formed consisting 5 professionals, 3 of which must be Engineers
21,772,800 and 2 Architects?60
37. In how many ways can 4 boys and 4 girls be seated 48. In how many ways 5 cards are dealt from a deck of 52 cards
alternately in a row of 8 seats? if the selection consists of 3 aces and 2 kings?24
38. In how many ways can 5 boys and 4 girls be seated
alternately in a row of 9 seats?
 49. There are 12 persons attending a meeting. In how many Independent Events
ways can 7 among them be seated on a circular arrangement of 7 59. If a pair of dice is thrown, what is the probability of getting 2
seats?3, 991,680 aces in a single throw?1/36
50. There are 12 persons attending a meeting. In how many 60. A box contains 6 white balls and 4 black balls. IF 2 balls are
ways can 7 among them be seated on circular arrangement 7 drawn in succession, what is the probability that both are black if
seats?570,240 the first ball is replaced before the second is drawn? 4/25
PROBABILITY 61. Three Indians were practicing hitting a target. Their
51. A jar of candies contains 4 mints, 6 toffees, and 3 individual probabilities to hit a target are respectively 1/6, ¼, and
chocolates. Find the probability of getting a mint if one candy is 1/3. If only one hit the target, what is the probability that it was
picked at random? 4/13 the first Indian? 6/3
52. Find the probability of getting a face card if a card is picked Dependent Events
at random from a deck of 52 cards?3/13 62. A box contains 6 white balls and 4 black balls. If 2 balls are
53. A circle is inscribed in an equilateral triangle. What is the drawn in succession, what is the probability that both are black if
probability that a point chosen at random in the triangle will be the first ball is not replaced before the second is drawn?2/15
inside the circle? 63. A bag contains 3 white and 5 red balls. If 2 balls are drawn
54. The odds against an event are 5:3 and the odds in favor of in succession without returning the first ball drawn, what is the
another independent event are 7:5. Find the probability that at probability that the balls drawn are both red?0.357
least one of the two events will occur. 64. A box contains 8 green, 9 red and 12 white balls. If 15 balls
Mutually Exclusive Events are picked at random without replacement, what is the
55. In a deck of 52 cards, find the probability of getting an ace probability of picking 3 green, 8 red, and 4 white balls?0.00322
or a king if one card is picked at random?2/13 65. A box contains 3 green, 4 red and 5 white balls. If 2 balls are
56. If a pair of dice is tossed, what is the probability of getting a picked at random without replacement, what is the probability
total of 6 or 12?1/6 that both are of the same color?19/66
Mutually Inclusive Events 66. box contains 3 green, 4 red and 5 white balls. If 2 balls are
57. In a deck of 52 cards, find the probability of getting an ace picked at random without replacement, what is the probability
or a heart if one card is picked at random? 4/13 that both are of the different color?47/66
58. On a TV quiz show, a contestant is asked to pick an integer 67. A janitor with a bunch of 9 keys is to open a door but only
at random from the first 100 consecutive positive integers, which one key can open. What is the probability that he will succeed in
are the integers from 1 to 100. IF the number picked is divisible 3 trials without returning the keys drawn?0.333
by 9 or 12, the contestant will win a free trip to Boracay. What is CONDITIONAL PROBABILITY
the probability that the contestant will win the trip?0.17 68. The probability of raining on Sunday is 0.07. If today is
Sunday the find the probability of rain today.
 SITUATION. In a certain town, 40% of the people have brown hair, 78. Each question in a multiple choice type of exam contains 4
26% have brown eyes, and 16% have both brown hair and brown eyes. possible answers. The professor gave a short exam of 10
A person is selected at random from the town. questions. In order to pass the exam, a student must obtain a
69. If she has brown hair, what is the probability that she also grade of 70% or higher. Find the probability of a student in
has brown eyes? 2/5 passing the exam if he relies on guessing. 0.0035
70. If she has brown eyes, what is the probability that she does SITUATION. A box contains 3 red marbles and 2 white marbles. A
not have brown hair? 5/13 marble is drawn and replaced three times from the box. Find the
probability that
71. A boy has a fair coin and a double headed coin. He chooses
79. 2 red marbles were drawn,
one of the coins at random and tosses it. He obtains a head.
Determine the probability that the coin that he tossed was double- 80. at least one red marble was drawn.
headed.2/3 SITUATION. The probability of a man hitting a target is 1/3.
72. An experiment consists of observing the sum of the dice 71. If he fires 5 times, what is the probability of hitting the target
when two fair dice are thrown. If the two fair dice are thrown at least twice? 0.539
behind you, and then you are informed that the sum is not greater 81. How many times must he fire so that the probability of hitting
than 3, find the probability of the event that two faces are the the target at least once is more than 90%. 6
same.1/3 NEGATIVE BINOMIAL DISTRIBUTION
73. SITUATION. John Bogart says that he has a 55% chance of 82. Suppose the probability that any given person will believe a
going to the class picnic if it does not rain but only a 30% chance tale about the transgressions of a famous actress is 0.8. What is
of going if it does rain. The weatherman says there is a 40% the probability that the sixth person to hear this tale is the fourth
chance of rain for the day of the picnic. one to believe it? 0.1638
74. What is the probability that John will go to the picnic? 45% 83. Determine the probability of obtaining 5th head on 7th toss of
75. Given that John went to the picnic, what is the probability that a fair coin. 15/128
it rained on the day of the picnic? 26.67% GEOMETRIC DISTRIBUTION
BINOMIAL DISTRIBUTION 84. At a “busy time,” a telephone exchange is very near capacity,
76. The probability of Juan in shooting a ball is 35%. If he is given so callers have difficulty placing their calls. It may be of interest
10 shots, determine his probability of shooting exactly 6 balls. to know the number of attempts necessary to make a connection.
0.0689 Suppose that we let p = 0.05 be the probability of a connection
77. A janitor with a bunch of 9 keys is to open a door but only during a busy time. What is the probability that 5 attempts are
one key can open. What is the probability that he will succeed in necessary for a successful call? 0.0407
3 trials if the keys drawn are returned before drawing the next 85. The probability that a student pilot passes the written test for
key? 0.298 a private pilot’s license is 0.7. Find the probability that a given
student will pass the test on the third try. 0.063
 86. Suppose the probability that any given person will believe a 94. less than 90 heads. 0.07
tale about the transgressions of a famous actress is 0.8. What is 95. exactly 100 heads 0.056
the probability that the third person to hear this tale is the first one EXPONENTIAL DISTRIBUTION
to believe it?0.032 SITUATION.A checkout cpunter from a supermarket completes the
MULTINOMIAL DISTRIBUTION process according to an exponential distribution with a service rate
87. The probabilities are 0.4, 0.2, 0.3, and 0.1, respectively, that a of 6 per hour. A costumer arrives at the checkout counter. Find the
delegate to a certain convention arrived by air, bus, automobile, probability of the following events:
or train. What is the probability that among 9 delegates randomly 96. The service is completed in fewer than five minutes. 0.3935
selected at this convention, 3 arrived by air, 3 arrived by bus, 1 97. The costumer leaves the checkout counter more the 10min
arrived by automobile, and 2 arrived by train? 0.00774 after arriving. 0.3679
SITUATION. A box contains 5 red, 3 white and 2 blue marbles. A 98. The service is completed in a time between 5min and 8min.
sample of six marbles is drawn with replacement, i.e. each marble is 0.1572
replaced before the next one is drawn. Find the probability that: MATHEMATICAL EXPECTATION
88. 3 are red, 2 are white and 1 is blue. 27/200 99. Concessionaires know that attendance at a football stadium
89. 2 of each color appears. 81/1000 will be 60,000 on clear day, 45,000 if there is light snow, and
POISSON’S DISTRIBUTION 15,000 if there is heavy snow. Furthermore, the probability of
90. In a certain intersection, it is observed that 60 cars turn left clear skies, light snow, or heavy snow on any particular day is
every hour. Determine the probability of exactly 10 cars will turn 1/2 , 1/3, and 1/6 respectively. What average attendance should
be expected for the season? 47500
left every 10 min? 0.125
100. In a lottery, 10,000 tickets are sold at $1 each with a
91. Suppose there is an average of 2 suicides per year per 50,000
prize of $7,500 for one winner. What is the average result for
population. In a city of 100,000 find the probability that each year
each bettor? -0.25
there are 2 or more suicides.0.908
NORMAL DISTRIBUTION
92. Suppose the diameters of bolts manufactured by a company
are normally distributed with mean of 0.25 inches and standard
deviation 0.02 inches. A bolt is considered defective if its
diameter is less than or equal to 0.20 inches or greater than or
equal to 0.28 inches. Find the percentage of defective bolts
manufactured by the company. 0.073
SITUATION. Find the probability that 200 tosses of coin will result
in
93. between 80 and 120 heads inclusive. 0.99626