First Year Engineering, Semester I (All Branches)

Engineering Mathematics I.
Module 4: Successive Differentiations and Partial Differentiations.
Practice Problems

Successive Differentiation

𝑥2
1. Find the nth derivative of
(𝑥+2)(2𝑥+3)
8𝑥
2. If 𝑦 = , find 𝑦𝑛
𝑥 3 −2𝑥 2 −4𝑥+8
𝑥−1 𝑥−𝑛 𝑥+𝑛
3. If 𝑦 = 𝑥 log ( ) , prove that 𝑦𝑛 = (−1)𝑛−2 (𝑛 − 2)! [ 𝑛 − ]
𝑥+1 (𝑥−1) (𝑥+1)𝑛

4. If 𝑦 = sin 𝑟𝑥 + cos 𝑟𝑥 , prove that 𝑦𝑛 = 𝑟 𝑛 [1 + (−1)𝑛 sin 2𝑟𝑥]1⁄2

Find 𝑦8 (𝜋) where 𝑟 = 1⁄4
5. Find the nth derivative of 𝑦 = cos 𝑥 cos 2𝑥 cos 3𝑥
6. If 𝑦 = 2𝑥 cos 9𝑥 , find 𝑦𝑛
7. If 𝑦 = 2𝑥 sin2 𝑥cos 3 𝑥 , find 𝑦𝑛
𝑥−𝑥 −1
8. If 𝑦 = cos −1 ( ) , prove that
𝑥+𝑥 −1
1
𝑦𝑛 = 2(−1)𝑛−1 (𝑛 − 1)! 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑛 𝜃 sin 𝑛𝜃 , where 𝜃 = tan−1 (𝑥 )
𝑥
9. If 𝑦 = prove that
𝑥 2 +𝑎2
𝑦𝑛 = (−1)𝑛 𝑛! 𝑎−𝑛−1 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑛+1 𝜃 cos(𝑛 + 1)𝜃 𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒 𝜃 = tan−1(𝑎/𝑥)
1+𝑥
10. If 𝑦 = tan−1 ( ) , prove that
1−𝑥
𝑦𝑛 = (−1)𝑛−1 (𝑛 − 1)! sinn 𝜃 sin 𝑛𝜃 𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒 𝜃 = tan−1 (1/𝑥)
log 𝑥
11. If 𝑦 = , prove that
𝑥
5! 1 1 1 1
𝑦𝑛 = 6
[1 + + + + − log 𝑥]
𝑥 2 3 4 5
12. If 𝑦 = cos(𝑚 sin−1 𝑥) [𝑜𝑟 𝑦 = sin(𝑚 sin−1 𝑥)] , prove that
(1 − 𝑥 2 )𝑦𝑛+2 − (2𝑛 + 1)𝑥 𝑦𝑛+1 + (𝑚2 − 𝑛2 )𝑦𝑛 = 0 Hence, obtain 𝑦𝑛 (0)
13. If 𝑦 = 𝑎 cos(log 𝑥) + 𝑏 sin(log 𝑥) , then show that
𝑥 2 𝑦𝑛+2 + (2𝑛 + 1)𝑥 𝑦𝑛+1 + (𝑛2 + 1)𝑦𝑛 = 0
sin−1 𝑥
14. If 𝑦 = , prove that (1 − 𝑥 2 )𝑦𝑛+1 − (2𝑛 + 1)𝑥 𝑦𝑛 − 𝑛2 𝑦𝑛−1 = 0
√1−𝑥 2
 Partial Differentiation

𝜕𝑧 𝜕𝑧 2 𝜕𝑧 𝜕𝑧
1. If 𝑧(𝑥 + 𝑦) = (𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 ) , Prove that ( − ) = 4 (1 − 𝜕𝑥 − 𝜕𝑦)
𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑦
𝜕𝑢 𝜕𝑢
2. If 𝑢 = log(tan 𝑥 + tan 𝑦) , prove that sin 2𝑥 + sin 2𝑦 =2
𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑦
𝑦 𝜕2 𝑢 2
𝜕 𝑢
3. If 𝑢 = 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 , find the value of +
𝑥 𝜕𝑥 2 𝜕𝑦 2
2 /4𝑡 𝜕𝜃 1 𝜕 𝜕𝜃
4. If 𝜃 = 𝑡 𝑛 𝑒 −𝑟 , find n which will make = (𝑟 2 )
𝜕𝑡 𝑟 2 𝜕𝑟 𝜕𝑟
𝜕 𝜕 𝜕 2 −9
5. If 𝑢 = log(𝑥 3 + 𝑦 3 + 𝑧 3 − 3𝑥𝑦𝑧) , prove that ( + + ) 𝑢 = (𝑥+𝑦+𝑧)2
𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑦 𝜕𝑧
𝜕2 𝑧 𝜕2
6. If 𝑧 = 𝑥 𝑦 + 𝑦 𝑥 , verify that =
𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑦 𝜕𝑦 𝜕𝑥
7. If 𝑢 = 𝑓(𝑟) where 𝑟 = 𝑥 + 𝑦 + 𝑧 , prove that
2 2 2 2

𝜕 2𝑢 𝜕 2𝑢 𝜕 2𝑢 2
2
+ 2 + 2 = 𝑓 ′′ (𝑟) + 𝑓 ′ (𝑟)
𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑦 𝜕𝑧 𝑟
8. If 𝑧 = 𝑥 log(𝑥 + 𝑟) − 𝑟 where 𝑟 2 = 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 , prove that
𝜕 2𝑧 𝜕 2𝑧 1 𝜕 3𝑧 𝑥
+ = , = −
𝜕𝑥 2 𝜕𝑦 2 𝑥 + 𝑟 𝜕𝑥 3 𝑟3
𝜕𝑢 𝜕𝑢 𝜕𝑣 𝜕𝑣
9. If 𝑥 = 𝑒 𝑢 tan 𝑣 , 𝑦 = 𝑒 𝑢 sec 𝑣 , find (𝑥 +𝑦 ) ∙ (𝑥 +𝑦 )
𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑦 𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑦
𝑑𝑧 3
10. If 𝑧 = sin−1(𝑥 − 𝑦) , 𝑥 = 3𝑡 , 𝑦 = 4𝑡 3 , prove that = √1−𝑡 2
𝑑𝑡
11. If 𝑧 = 𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦) , 𝑥 = 𝑒 𝑢 + 𝑒 −𝑣 , 𝑦 = 𝑒 −𝑢 − 𝑒 𝑣 , prove that
𝜕𝑧 𝜕𝑧 𝜕𝑧 𝜕𝑧
− =𝑥 −𝑦
𝜕𝑢 𝜕𝑣 𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑦
𝜕𝑢 𝜕𝑢 𝜕𝑢
12. If 𝑢 = 𝑓(𝑒 𝑥−𝑦 , 𝑒 𝑦−𝑧 , 𝑒 𝑧−𝑥 ) , then prove that + 𝜕𝑦 + 𝜕𝑧 =0
𝜕𝑥
13. If 𝑥 = √𝑣𝑤 , 𝑦 = √𝑤𝑢 , 𝑧 = √𝑢𝑣 , then prove that
𝜕𝜙 𝜕𝜙 𝜕𝜙 𝜕𝜙 𝜕𝜙 𝜕𝜙
𝑥 +𝑦 +𝑧 =𝑢 +𝑣 +𝑤 Where 𝜙 is the function of 𝑥 , 𝑦 , 𝑧
𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑦 𝜕𝑧 𝜕𝑢 𝜕𝑣 𝜕𝑤
14. If 𝑧 = 𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦) , 𝑥 = 𝑢 cosh 𝑣 , 𝑦 = 𝑢 sinh 𝑣 , prove that
𝜕𝑧 2 𝜕𝑧 2 𝜕𝑧 2 1 𝜕𝑧 2
( ) −( ) = ( ) − 2( )
𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑦 𝜕𝑢 𝑢 𝜕𝑣
15. If 𝑥 + 𝑦 = 2𝑒 cos Φ , 𝑥 − 𝑦 = 2𝑖 sin Φ , show that
𝜃

𝜕 2𝑢 𝜕 2𝑢 𝜕 2𝑢
+ = 4𝑥𝑦
𝜕𝜃 2 𝜕Φ2 𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑦
16. If 𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦) = Φ(𝑢 , 𝑣) and 𝑢 = 𝑥 2 − 𝑦 2 , 𝑣 = 2𝑥𝑦 , prove that
𝜕 2𝑓 𝜕 2𝑓 2 2)
𝜕 2𝑓 𝜕 2𝑓
+ = 4(𝑥 + 𝑦 ( + )
𝜕𝑥 2 𝜕𝑦 2 𝜕𝑢2 𝜕𝑣 2
𝑑𝑦
17. If 𝑥 3 + 𝑦 3 − 3𝑎𝑥𝑦 = 0 , find
𝑑𝑥
𝜕𝑧 𝜕𝑧
18. If 𝑓(𝑥𝑦 2 , 𝑧 − 2𝑥) = 0 , prove that 2𝑥 −𝑦 = 4𝑥
𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑦
 Homogeneous Functions

√𝑥𝑦
1. If 𝑢 = , then verify Euler’s theorem for u.
√𝑥+√𝑦
𝑥 𝑦 𝑧 𝜕𝑢 𝜕𝑢 𝜕𝑢
2. If 𝑢 = 𝑓 ( + + ) , show that 𝑥
𝜕𝑥
+𝑦
𝜕𝑦
+
𝜕𝑧
=0
𝑦 𝑧 𝑥

𝑥 2 +𝑦 2
3. If 𝑧 = log(𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 ) + −2 log(𝑥 + 𝑦) prove that
𝑥+𝑦
𝑑𝑧 𝜕𝑧 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2
𝑥 +𝑦 =
𝑑𝑥 𝜕𝑦 𝑥+𝑦
𝑥 2𝑦2𝑧 2 𝑥𝑦+𝑦𝑧
4. If 𝑢 =
𝑥 2 +𝑦 2 +𝑧 2
+𝑐𝑜𝑠 (𝑥 2 +𝑦2 +𝑧 2 ) , prove that

𝜕𝑢 𝜕𝑢 𝜕𝑢 𝑥2𝑦2𝑧2
𝑥 +𝑦 +𝑧 = 4( 2 )
𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑦 𝜕𝑧 𝑥 + 𝑦2 + 𝑧2
𝑦 𝑦
5. If 𝑢 = 𝑥 3 sin−1 𝑥 + 𝑥 4 tan−1 𝑥 , find the value of

𝜕 2𝑢
2
𝜕 2𝑢 2
𝜕 2𝑢 𝜕𝑢 𝜕𝑢
𝑥 + 2𝑥𝑦 + 𝑦 + 𝑥 + 𝑦 𝑎𝑡 𝑥 = 1 , 𝑦 = 1
𝜕𝑥 2 𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑦 𝜕𝑦 2 𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑦
𝑥𝑦+𝑦𝑧+𝑧𝑥
6. Verify Euler’s theorem for 𝑢 = 𝑙𝑜𝑔 ( )
𝑥 2 +𝑦 2 +𝑧 2

𝑥 3 +𝑦3
7. If 𝑢 = 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 [ ] , prove that
𝑥−𝑦

𝜕 2𝑢 𝜕 2𝑢 𝜕 2𝑢
𝑥2 + 2𝑥𝑦 + 𝑦 2
= sin 4𝑢 − sin 2𝑢
𝜕𝑥 2 𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑦 𝜕𝑦 2

1 1
𝑥 ⁄2 +𝑦 ⁄2
8. If 𝑢 = 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 −1 √( 1 1 ) , prove that
𝑥 ⁄3 +𝑦 ⁄3

𝜕 2𝑢 𝜕 2𝑢 𝜕 2 𝑢 tan 𝑢
𝑥2 + 2𝑥𝑦 + 𝑦 2
= (13 + 𝑡𝑎𝑛2 𝑢)
𝜕𝑥 2 𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑦 𝜕𝑦 2 144