Math9 Q1 W6 Introduction-To-Quadratic-Functions Ragos Valencia Bgo
Math9 Q1 W6 Introduction-To-Quadratic-Functions Ragos Valencia Bgo
Introduction to Quadratic
Functions
Learner's Module in Mathematics 9
Quarter 1 ● Week 6
RENANTE F. RAGOS
CLAIRE O. VALENCIA
Developers
Department of Education • Cordillera Administrative Region
Published by
Learning Resource Management and Development System
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2020
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What I Know
If you answer all the test items correctly in this pre-assessment, then you may
skip studying this learning material and proceed to the next learning module.
DIRECTION: Let us determine how much you already know about a quadratic
function. Read and understand each item, then choose the letter of your
answer and write it on your answer sheet.
B. x 1 2 3 4 D. x 0 1 2 3
y 2 5 10 17 y −2 −1 6 25
5) In the quadratic function 𝑓 (𝑥 ) = 4𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 + 1, which is the quadratic term?
A. 4𝑥 2 C. 𝑥 2
B. −2𝑥 D. 1
6) What are the values of 𝑎, 𝑏, and 𝑐 in the quadratic 𝑓 (𝑥 ) = −2𝑥 2 − 5𝑥 − 12.
A. 𝑎 = 2, 𝑏 = 5, 𝑐 = 12 C. 𝑎 = −2, 𝑏 = −5, 𝑐 = −12
B. 𝑎 = −2, 𝑏 = −5, 𝑐 = 12 D. 𝑎 = 2, 𝑏 = −5, 𝑐 = 12
7) Which of the following is the degree of every quadratic function?
A. 1 C. 3
B. 2 D. 4
8) All equations represent a quadratic function EXCEPT:
A. 𝑓 (𝑥 ) = (𝑥 − 3)(𝑥 + 2) C. 2𝑥 (𝑥 − 30) − 𝑦 = 0
B. 22 + 𝑥 = 𝑦 D. 2𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 + 1 = 𝑦
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9) Which of the following is the graph of a quadratic function?
A. C.
B. D.
B. x 0 1 2 3 D. x −1 0 1 2
y −6 −10 −12 −12 y −1 0 −1 −4
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What’s In
a. Observe the pattern and draw the 4th and 5th figures.
? ?
1 2 3 4 5
b. Use the table to illustrate the relation of the figure number to number of blocks.
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From the given activity, I hope that you remembered
what you have learned about linear functions. A linear
function is a function of degree 1 and its graph is a
straight line. In any function, the domain are all the
values of 𝑥 and the range are all the values of 𝑦.
What’s New
1. 𝑦 = 𝑥 2 + 2
2. 𝑦 = 2𝑥 − 10
3. 𝑦 = 9 − 2𝑥 2
4. 𝑦 = 2𝑥 + 2
5. 𝑦 = 3𝑥 2 + 𝑥 3 + 2
𝑔(𝑥 ) = 3𝑥 + 1 𝑓 (𝑥 ) = 𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 − 3
x −3 −2 −1 0 1 2 3 x −3 −2 −1 0 1 2 3
y y
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3. What is the difference between two adjacent x-values in each table, subtracting
from right to left?
4.Find the differences between each table, and write them on the blanks provided.
𝑔(𝑥 ) = 3𝑥 + 1 𝑓(𝑥 ) = 𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 − 3
x -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 x -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3
y y
5. What do you observe from the differences in the values of y in each function?
6. How can you recognize a quadratic function when the table of values is given?
7. Using the table of values, graph the two functions and compare the results.
𝑔(𝑥 ) = 3𝑥 + 1 𝑓 (𝑥 ) = 𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 − 3
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What is It
You have already learned in the previous activity that in a
quadratic function, equal differences in the independent
variable 𝑥, produces equal second differences in the
dependent variable 𝑦. The graph of a quadratic function is a
smooth curve which opens upward or downward called
parabola. This time you will learn how to transform a quadratic
function from the general form 𝒇(𝒙) = 𝒂𝒙𝟐 + 𝒃𝒙 + 𝒄 to
vertex form 𝒇(𝒙) = 𝒂(𝒙 − 𝒉)𝟐 + 𝒌 and vice versa.
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By substituting the solved values of ℎ 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑘 in 𝑓(𝑥 ) = 𝑎(𝑥 − ℎ)2 + 𝑘, we
obtain 𝑓 (𝑥 ) = 1(𝑥 − 3)2 + (−7) or 𝑓 (𝑥 ) = (𝑥 − 3)2 − 7.
Steps Task
1. Group the terms containing 𝑥. 𝑦 = (−3𝑥 2 − 24𝑥) + 11
−𝒃 𝟒𝒂𝒄−𝒃𝟐
Method 2: By using the formulas 𝒉 = and 𝒌 =
𝟐𝒂 𝟒𝒂
ℎ=
−𝑏 4𝑎𝑐 − 𝑏2
2𝑎 𝑘=
−(−24) 4𝑎
ℎ= 4(−3)(11) − (−24)2
2(−3) 𝑘=
24 4𝑎
ℎ= −132 − 576
−6 𝑘=
ℎ = −4 4(−3)
−708
𝑘=
−12
𝑘= 59
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B. Transform the given Quadratic Function in the form 𝑦 = 𝑎(𝑥 − ℎ)2 + 𝑘 into
𝑦 = 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐. Then, identify the values of 𝑎, 𝑏 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑐.
Steps Task
1. Expand (𝑥 − 3)2 𝑓 (𝑥 ) = 𝑥 2 − 6𝑥 + 9 − 7
2. Simplify 𝑓 (𝑥 ) = 𝑥 2 − 6𝑥 + 2
Steps Tasks
1. Expand (𝑥 + 4)2 𝑦 = −3(𝑥 2 + 8𝑥 + 16) + 59
2. Multiply the perfect square trinomial by −3 𝑦 = −3𝑥 2 − 24𝑥 − 48 + 59
3. Simplify by combining similar terms. 𝑦 = −3𝑥 2 − 24𝑥 + 11
What’s More
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b. 𝑦 = 3𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + 1
Steps Task
1. Group the terms containing 𝑥.
2. Factor out 𝑎.
3. Complete the expression in parenthesis
to make it a perfect square trinomial.
4. Express the perfect square trinomial as
the square of a binomial.
5. Give the value of ℎ.
6. Give the value of 𝑘.
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Let me know how well you did in this module. Complete the
following statements. Please be honest with your answers.
What I Can Do
𝒙 is the distance (in meters) of the bullet from the firing place and 𝒚 is its height. Will
the bullet go over the antenna? If yes/no, show your justification.
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Post Assessment
DIRECTION: Let us determine how much you have learned from this module. Read
and understand each item, then choose the letter of your answer and
write it on your answer sheet.
4) Given the following table of values for 𝑥 and 𝑦, which table describes a quadratic
function?
A. x 1 2 3 4 C. x −3 −2 −1 0
y 2 5 10 17 y −4 −2 0 2
x 1 2 3 4 D. x 0 1 2 3
B. y 2 3 4 5 y −2 −1 6 25
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8) Which of the following is the graph of a quadratic function?
A. C.
B. D.
x 0 1 2 3 x −1 0 1 2
y −6 −10 −12 −12 y −1 0 −1 −4
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Additional Activity
I 𝑦 = (𝑥 − 1)2 − 4 T 𝑦 = (𝑥 − 1)2 − 16
5 2 49
S 𝑦 = 2 ൬𝑥 + ൰ − F 𝑦 = (𝑥 − 3)2 + 5
4 8
2 2 1 2 3
E 𝑦 = ൬𝑥 − ൰ + 2 M 𝑦 = ൬𝑥 − ൰ +
3 2 2
1
𝑦 = 3(𝑥 + 2)2 − U 𝑦 = −2(𝑥 − 3)2 + 1
A 2
𝟕
𝒚 = 𝒙𝟐 − 𝒙 +
𝟒
𝟐𝟑
𝒚 = 𝟑𝒙𝟐 + 𝟏𝟐𝒙 +
𝟐
𝒚 = 𝒙𝟐 − 𝟐𝒙 − 𝟏𝟓
𝒚 = 𝟐𝒙𝟐 + 𝟒𝒙
𝒚 = 𝒙𝟐 − 𝟐𝒙 − 𝟑
𝒚 = 𝟐𝒙𝟐 + 𝟓𝒙 − 𝟑
𝒚 = 𝒙𝟐 − 𝟔𝒙 + 𝟏𝟒
𝒚 = −𝟐𝒙𝟐 + 𝟏𝟐𝒙 − 𝟏𝟕
𝒚 = 𝒙𝟐 − 𝟑𝟔
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What I Know Activity 1. Don’t Forget Me!
a.
1. A 6. C 11. A
2. C 7. B 12. C
3. B 8. B 13. C
4. B 9. C 14. C b.
5. A 10. D 15. B x 1 2 3 4 5
y 1 4 7 10 13
c. Add 3 to the previous number of blocks
1 vertical and 2 horizontal
d.(1,1), (2,4), (3,7), (4,10), (5,13)
Domain= {1,2,3,4,5} Range={1,4,7,10,13}
e. y = 3x – 2
Activity 2. Identify Me!
Equations Yes or No Justification
1. 𝑦 = 𝑥 2 + 2 Yes The highest exponent of the variable is 2.
2. 𝑦 = 2𝑥 − 10 No The highest exponent of the variable is 1.
3. 𝑦 = 9 − 2𝑥 2 Yes The highest exponent of the variable is 2.
4. 𝑦 = 2𝑥 + 2 No The exponent is a variable.
5. 𝑦 = 3𝑥 2 + 𝑥 3 + 2 No The highest exponent of the variable is 3.
Activity 3. Compare Me!
1. g(x) is a linear function and f(x) is a quadratic function.
2. 𝑔(𝑥) = 3𝑥 + 1 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 − 3
x -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 x -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3
y -8 -5 -2 1 4 7 10 y 12 5 0 -3 -4 -3 0
3. The difference between two adjacent x-values in each table are all equal to 1.
4. 𝑔(𝑥) = 3𝑥 + 1 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 − 3
x -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 x -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3
y -8 -5 -2 1 4 7 10 y 12 5 0 -3 -4 -3 0
5. In the linear function, the first differences in the values of y are equal, and in the quadratic
function the second differences in the values of y are equal.
ANSWER KEY
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7. Graphs 𝑓(𝑥 ) = 𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 − 3
Activity 7. Hit or Miss!
8. The graph of a linear function is a
straight line while the graph of a quadratic Yes, when the bullet hits the top of the
function is a curve antenna. Find the height of the bullet when x =
150, which is the distance of the antenna from
the firing place.
Activity 4. Step by Step! 1 2
Substituting in 𝑦 = − 1500 𝑥 2 + 15 𝑥
a. 𝑦 = 𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 − 10
1 2
Tasks 𝑦=− (150)2 + (150)
1500 15
1.) 𝑦 = (𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 ) − 10
2.) 𝑦 = 1(𝑥 2 − 4𝑥) -10 𝑦 = −15 + 20
3.) 𝑦 = 1(𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + 4) −
10 − 4 𝑦=5
4.) 𝑦 = 1(𝑥 − 2)2 − 14 Thus, the height of the bullet is 5m, which is
5.) ℎ = 2 the same as the height of the antenna.
6.) 𝑘 = −14
b. 𝑦 = 3𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + 1 Activity 8. The Hidden Message!
Tasks
1.) 𝑦 = (3𝑥 2 − 4𝑥) + 1
2.) 𝑦 = 3(𝑥 2 − 4𝑥) + 1
3.) 𝑦 = 3(𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + 4) + 1 −
4
4.) 𝑦 = 3(𝑥 − 2)2 − 3
5.) ℎ = 2
6.) 𝑘 = −3
Activity 5. Reversing the Process!
𝑦 = 2(𝑥 − 2) 2 + 3
Tasks
.
1.) 𝑦 = 2(𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + 4) + 3
2.) 𝑦 = 2𝑥 2 − 8𝑥 + 8 + 3
3.) 𝑦 = 2𝑥 2 − 8𝑥 + 11
Post Assessment
4.) 𝑎 = 2, 𝑏 = −8, 𝑐 = 11
1. C 6. C 11. A
2. C 7. B 12. A
Activity 6. Let Me Summarize and Reflect! 3. D 8. C 13. B
4. A 9. D 14. C
* Answers to this activity may vary
5. A 10. B 15. C
REFERENCES
Jose-Dilao, Soledad, Ed.D., and Julieta G. Bernabe. Intermediate Algebra. Quezon
City: SD Publications, Inc., 2009.
Bryant, Merden L., et.al. Mathematics 9 Learner's Manual. Pasig City: Department of
Education, 2014.
Nivera, Gladys C., and Minie Rose C. Lapinid. Grade 9 Mathematics Patterns and
Practicalities. Makati City: SalesianaBOOKS by Don Bosco Press, Inc., 2013.
https://www.bitmoji.com
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