BEGINNERS LEVEL 1

10.0 TOPIC 1 – INTRODUCTION TO PAINTING AND DECORATING

● Introductions and experience sharing.
● Description about course content, mode of learning and duration of course
● Why construction?
● How to become a painter?
● Where can a Painter work / look for work?
● Role of a painter, qualities and attributes of a good painter.
● Painter and decorators require the following skills:
● Advantages and disadvantages of working as a painter
● Vocabulary in Painting
10.1 Objectives
● For the trainees to know each other and the trainers by their names and
addresses
● For the trainees to understand the Buildher’s expectation for the entire
program
● For the trainees to understand and appreciate the value of the program, and
why they should join construction
● For the trainees to understand the entrance pathway to Painting and
Decorating career.

10.2 Demonstrations & Practical Activities

● Complete program documents like signing contracts

● Trainers to issue course outlines

● Questions and answers

10.3 Why construction?

There are several compelling reasons why individuals might consider getting into
construction as a trade. Construction trades offer unique opportunities and can be
rewarding for those who enjoy hands-on work, problem-solving, and contributing to
tangible projects. Here are some reasons why someone might choose a career in
construction:

1. Job Security: The construction industry is often considered recession-

resistant. There is a consistent demand for skilled tradespeople to work on
various projects, including residential, commercial, and infrastructure
developments.

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 2. Variety of Trades: Construction encompasses a wide range of trades, such as
painting & decorating, carpentry & joinery, painting and decorating, plumbing,
electrical work, masonry, welding, and more. This variety allows individuals to
find a niche that aligns with their interests and skills.
3. Hands-On Work: If you enjoy working with your hands and seeing tangible
results of your efforts, a construction trade can be highly satisfying.
Tradespeople are involved in building and creating structures that contribute
to communities.
4. Career Progression: Construction trades offer clear pathways for career
progression. Apprenticeships and on-the-job training provide opportunities for
individuals to advance from entry-level positions to more specialized and
higher-paying roles.
5. Entrepreneurial Opportunities: Skilled tradespeople often have the option to
start their own businesses. This entrepreneurial aspect can be appealing to
those who dream of running their own construction company or working as an
independent contractor.
6. Competitive Salaries: Skilled trades can offer competitive salaries, especially
as individuals gain experience and expertise in their chosen field. Some trades,
such as electricians and plumbers, are known for providing well-compensated
careers.
7. In-Demand Skills: As technology continues to advance, the construction
industry is evolving as well. Individuals with up-to-date skills in areas like
green construction, sustainable building practices, and digital construction
technologies are particularly sought after.
8. Sense of Accomplishment: Completing a construction project, whether it's a
house, a bridge, or any other structure, can provide a profound sense of
accomplishment. Tradespeople can see the tangible results of their work and
take pride in their contributions to the built environment.
9. Job Variety: Construction projects vary widely, offering tradespeople the
chance to work on different types of projects. This variety can keep the work
interesting and challenging.
10. Community Impact: Construction trades contribute directly to the
development and improvement of communities. From building homes to
constructing vital infrastructure, tradespeople play a crucial role in shaping the
places where people live and work.

In summary, a career in construction as a trade can provide job security,

opportunities for career growth, financial rewards, and a sense of accomplishment.
For individuals who enjoy practical, hands-on work and have a passion for building,
construction trades can offer a fulfilling and dynamic career path.

The construction industry offers a wide array of trade options, each requiring specific
skills and expertise. Here are some popular trade options in the construction
industry:

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 1. Painter/Decorator: Painters and decorators are responsible for preparing
surfaces and applying paint or other finishes to buildings. They contribute to
the aesthetic aspects of construction projects.
2. Carpenter: Carpenters work with wood and other materials to construct,
install, and repair structures. They may be involved in framing, finishing, and
custom woodworking.
3. Tile Setter: Tile setters install ceramic, porcelain, or natural stone tiles on
surfaces like floors, walls, and countertops.
4. Electrician: Electricians install, maintain, and repair electrical systems in
buildings. They work with wiring, lighting, and power systems, ensuring they
meet safety and building code standards.
5. Plumber: Plumbers install and repair water supply lines, drainage systems, and
fixtures. They play a crucial role in ensuring proper plumbing in residential,
commercial, and industrial settings.
6. HVAC Technician: Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning (HVAC) technicians
install, maintain, and repair heating and cooling systems. They work on
furnaces, air conditioners, and ventilation systems.
7. Welder: Welders join metal parts by using various welding techniques, such as
arc welding or gas welding. They work on construction projects that involve
metal structures and components.
8. Mason: Masons work with bricks, concrete blocks, or stone to build walls,
walkways, and other structures. They may specialize in different types of
masonry, such as bricklaying or stonemasonry.
9. Roofing Contractor: Roofing contractors install and repair roofs on residential
and commercial buildings. They work with various roofing materials, such as
shingles, tiles, and metal.
10. Heavy Equipment Operator: Heavy equipment operators use machinery like
excavators, bulldozers, and cranes to move earth, materials, and equipment on
construction sites.
11. Concrete Finisher: Concrete finishers work with wet concrete, leveling and
smoothing it to create finished surfaces like floors, sidewalks, and driveways.
12. Drywall Installer: Drywall installers, also known as drywallers, install and
finish drywall sheets to create walls and ceilings. They may also work on
insulation and soundproofing.
13. Surveyor: Surveyors measure and map out construction sites, providing crucial
information for accurate project planning and implementation.
14. Insulation Installer: Insulation installers work with various insulation materials
to ensure buildings are energy-efficient and meet thermal regulations.
15. Glazier: Glaziers install and repair glass in windows, doors, and other
structures. They may work on both residential and commercial projects.
These trades offer diverse career paths, and individuals can choose the one that
aligns with their interests, skills, and career goals within the construction industry.
Additionally, pursuing apprenticeships, certifications, and continuous learning can
enhance career opportunities and advancement in these trades.

Others

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These additional trade options showcase the diverse skill sets required in the
construction industry, providing individuals with numerous paths to explore based on
their interests and aptitudes. Whether working with materials, machinery, or
specialized systems, each trade plays a crucial role in the successful completion of
construction projects.
1. Sheet Metal Worker: Sheet metal workers fabricate and install metal
components for various structures, including ductwork for heating and air
conditioning systems.
2. Elevator Installer/Technician: Elevator installers and technicians assemble,
install, and maintain elevators and escalators in buildings.
3. Scaffolder: Scaffolders erect and dismantle scaffolding structures, providing
safe working platforms for other construction trades.
4. Flooring Installer: Flooring installers specialize in installing various types of
flooring materials, such as hardwood, laminate, tile, or carpet.
5. Cabinetmaker: Cabinet makers craft and install custom cabinets and furniture.
They work with wood and other materials to create functional and aesthetic
storage solutions.
6. Ironworker: Ironworkers work with structural iron and steel to assemble and
install frameworks for buildings, bridges, and other structures.
7. Landscaper/Groundskeeper: Landscapers design and maintain outdoor spaces,
including gardens, lawns, and hardscapes, contributing to the overall aesthetics
of a property.
8. Pipefitter: Pipefitters install and maintain piping systems that carry liquids or
gasses. They work in various industries, including construction and
manufacturing.
9. Concrete Pump Operator: Concrete pump operators control concrete pumps to
transport and pour concrete in construction projects, ensuring precise
placement.
10. Solar Panel Installer: Solar panel installers assemble and install solar
photovoltaic systems on rooftops or other structures to harness solar energy.
11. Fire Sprinkler Installer: Fire sprinkler installers design, install, and maintain
automatic fire sprinkler systems in buildings for fire protection.
12. Instrumentation Technician: Instrumentation technicians install and maintain
control systems and instrumentation in industrial settings, ensuring accurate
and efficient processes.
13. Heavy Equipment Mechanic: Heavy equipment mechanics repair and maintain
construction machinery and vehicles, ensuring they operate safely and
efficiently.
14. Crane Operator: Crane operators control and operate cranes to lift and move
heavy materials on construction sites.
15. Demolition Worker: Demolition workers safely dismantle and remove structures,
making way for new construction projects.

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10.4 Professional Development for a Painter Decorator
Professional development is crucial for a painter decorator to stay current with
industry trends, enhance skills, and advance in their career. Here are some
professional development courses and certifications that can benefit a painter
decorator:
1. Master Decorative Artist Certification: Advanced certification for painters
interested in specializing in decorative finishes, such as faux painting, murals,
and textured effects.
2. Advanced Color Consultant Certification: Certification for professionals who
want to specialize in color consulting. It covers advanced color theory,
psychology of color, and practical application.
3. Certified Industrial Coating Applicator: Focuses on specialized coatings used in
industrial settings. Ideal for painters working on projects that require
protective and industrial-grade finishes.
4. Certified Lead Renovator Certification: Essential for painters working on
projects that involve the renovation, repair, or painting of structures built
before 1978. Covers lead-safe work practices.
5. Spray Finishing Techniques Workshop: Hands-on workshop covering advanced
spray painting techniques, including equipment setup, troubleshooting, and
achieving high-quality finishes.
6. Wallcovering Installers Association (WIA) Certification: Offers certifications for
professional wallcovering installers, covering various aspects of wallcovering
application.
7. Residential Painting Contractor Certification: Designed for painting
contractors, covering business management, estimating, customer relations,
and project oversight.
8. Digital Design and Visualization for Painters: Course on using digital tools and
software for design and visualization, enabling painters to create digital mock-
ups and communicate ideas effectively.
9. EPA Renovation, Repair, and Painting (RRP) Certification: Required for painters
working on projects that disturb lead-based paint in homes, schools, and
childcare facilities.
10. OSHA 10-Hour Construction Industry Training: Provides an overview of safety
and health hazards on construction sites, emphasizing OSHA standards.
Enhances safety awareness.
11. Certified Interior Refinisher: Focuses on refinishing furniture and interior
woodwork. Covers techniques such as staining, glazing, and finishing.
12. Professional Development in Sustainable Design: Explores sustainable and
eco-friendly practices in painting and decorating, addressing environmental
considerations in material choices and application.
13. Project Management for Painters: Covers project planning, scheduling,
budgeting, and client communication, providing skills necessary for successful
project management.
14. Soft Skills Development Workshop: Workshop focusing on communication,
teamwork, time management, and customer service skills, enhancing overall
professionalism.

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 15. Certified Wallpaper Installer: Certification for professionals specializing in
wallpaper installation. Covers various types of wallpaper and installation
techniques.
These courses and certifications not only provide valuable skills but also
demonstrate a commitment to professional growth and excellence in the field.
Painters and decorators should consider a combination of technical and business-
oriented courses to round out their skill set and contribute to long-term success in
the industry.

10.5 How to become a painter?

Becoming a painter decorator typically involves a combination of education, training,
and practical experience. Here are the general steps to become a painter decorator
1. Education
Primary, High School & Diploma or Equivalent: A primary school, high school,
diploma or its equivalent is usually required. Courses in art, mathematics, and
technical subjects can be beneficial.
2. Gain Basic Skills and Knowledge
Artistic Skills: Develop your artistic skills as painting and decorating often
involve creating visually appealing finishes.
Color Theory: Gain an understanding of color theory, as it's crucial in selecting
and mixing paint colors.
Mathematics: Basic math skills are important for measurements, calculations,
and estimating material quantities.
3. Explore Apprenticeship Opportunities
Apprenticeship Programs: Consider joining a painting and decorating
apprenticeship program. These programs provide a combination of classroom
instruction and on-the-job training. Look for apprenticeships offered by trade
unions, industry associations, or local contractors.
On-the-Job Training: Some individuals enter the field through on-the-job
training, working under the supervision of an experienced painter decorator.
4. Obtain Certification or Qualifications
Optional Certifications: While not always required, obtaining certifications from
recognized organizations can enhance your credentials. For example, the
Painting and Decorating (GTT III) at a TVET institution, Registered Training
Organization, or as part of an apprenticeship. The length of the course can vary
depending on the provider and delivery method.
5. Build Experience
Entry-Level Positions: Start as an entry-level painter or decorator to gain
practical experience and familiarize yourself with the tools and techniques of
the trade.
Specialize if Desired: Consider specializing in areas such as decorative finishes,
faux painting, or mural work to broaden your skill set.

6. Stay Updated on Industry Trends

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 Continuing Education: Stay informed about industry trends, new materials, and
techniques. Attend workshops, seminars, or online courses to continue your
education.
7. Build a Portfolio
Document Your Work: Keep a portfolio of your completed projects. This can
showcase your skills and help attract potential clients or employers.
8. Networking
Join Professional Organizations: Join professional organizations, such as the
Painting and Decorating Contractors of America (PDCA), to connect with others
in the industry, attend events, and stay updated on industry news.
9. Consider Entrepreneurship
Start Your Own Business: With enough experience, you may decide to start
your own painting and decorating business. This involves additional
responsibilities such as business management, marketing, and client relations.
10. Adhere to Safety Practices
Safety Training: Prioritize safety in your work. Ensure that you are trained in
and follow proper safety practices, including the use of personal protective
equipment.
11. Legal and Regulatory Compliance
Understand Regulations: Familiarize yourself with local regulations and
requirements for painters and decorators, including any necessary licenses or
permits.

Becoming a successful painter decorator involves a combination of technical skills,

artistic talent, and business acumen. Continuous learning and staying updated on
industry trends will contribute to a successful and fulfilling career in this field.

How much could you earn as a painter and decorator?

Salaries for paint laborers, entry-level semi-skilled workers, and skilled artisans in
the painter and decorator field can vary based on factors such as location, level of
experience, and the specific employer. It's important to note that salary information
is subject to change over time and may vary by region. The figures provided here are
general estimates and may not reflect the most current market conditions.

1. Paint Laborer (Mtu wa mkono): This position typically involves basic tasks such
as preparing surfaces, cleaning tools, and assisting skilled painters. Entry-level
paint laborers may have limited experience in the field.
Salary Range: The salary for entry-level paint laborers can vary widely, but it
might range from Ksh. 600 - Ksh. 700 per day, depending on factors like
location and employer.

2. Entry-Level Semi-Skilled Worker (Fundi-learner): An entry-level semi-skilled

worker in the painting and decorating field may have some basic skills and
experience, such as familiarity with painting techniques and tools.

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 Salary Range: The salary for an entry-level semi-skilled worker could range
from Ksh. 900 - Ksh. 1,000 per day, depending on factors like geographical
location, industry demand, and the employer.

3. Skilled Artisan (Painter & Decorator): Skilled artisans in the painter and
decorator field possess a higher level of expertise, including proficiency in
various painting techniques, knowledge of specialized finishes, and the ability
to manage more complex projects independently.
Salary Range: The salary for a skilled artisan in painting and decorating can
range from Ksh. 1,200 - Ksh. 1,500 or more per day, depending on experience,
expertise, and location.

4. Specialized Paint Decorator: Specialized paint decorators who focus on

decorative finishes, faux painting, and other artistic techniques may command
a higher salary. Salary Range: The daily earnings for specialized paint
decorators can range from Ksh. 800 - Ksh. 2,500 per square meter or more,
depending on their level of expertise, reputation, and the complexity of
projects they undertake.

It's important to keep in mind that these salary estimates are generalizations and
can vary based on factors specific to each job opportunity. Additionally, wages may
be influenced by the demand for skilled labor in a particular region, the size and
reputation of the employer, and prevailing economic conditions. Prospective workers
in the painting and decorating field should research local salary trends and negotiate
compensation based on their skills and experience.

10.6 Where can a Painter work / look for work?

Painters and decorators can work in various settings and industries. Here are some
common places where painter decorators can find employment:

1. Residential Construction: Many painter decorators work on new residential

construction projects, applying paint and finishes to interior and exterior
surfaces.
2. Commercial Construction: Painter decorators are often employed in
commercial construction, working on projects such as office buildings, retail
spaces, and other commercial properties.
3. Residential Renovation and Remodeling: Individuals and companies specializing
in home renovation and remodeling often hire painter decorators to refresh
and update the look of existing homes.
4. Commercial Maintenance: Large commercial properties, such as hotels,
hospitals, and educational institutions, may have in-house painter decorators
to handle ongoing maintenance and updates.
5. Specialty Finishes and Decorative Work: Some painter decorators specialize in
decorative finishes, such as faux painting, murals, and other artistic
techniques. They may work on a variety of projects, including residential and
commercial spaces.

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 6. Industrial Painting: Painter decorators may find employment in industrial
settings, applying protective coatings to machinery, equipment, and structures.
7. Self-Employment/Entrepreneurship: Many experienced painter decorators
choose to start their own painting businesses. This allows them to take on a
variety of projects, manage their schedules, and potentially grow a team of
painters.
8. Heritage and Restoration Projects: Painter decorators with specialized skills
may work on heritage restoration projects, preserving and restoring historical
buildings.
9. Set Design and Entertainment Industry: Some painter decorators find
opportunities in the entertainment industry, working on set design for films,
television shows, and theater productions.
10. Retail Paint Stores: Painter decorators may work in retail stores that sell paint
and painting supplies, providing expertise and advice to customers.
11. Educational Institutions: Some painter decorators may work in educational
institutions, either as part of the maintenance staff or as instructors in
painting and decorating programs.
12. Government and Public Buildings: Government agencies may employ painter
decorators for the maintenance and painting of public buildings, infrastructure,
and facilities.
Painter decorators have the flexibility to choose the type of work environment that
aligns with their interests and skills. Whether working for a construction company,
as part of a maintenance team, or as a self-employed contractor, there are diverse
opportunities in the field.

10.7 Role of a painter, qualities and attributes of a good painter.

The role of a painter extends beyond simply applying paint to surfaces. A skilled
painter plays a crucial role in enhancing the aesthetic appeal of spaces and
preserving the integrity of structures. Here are some key aspects of the role of a
painter, along with qualities and attributes that contribute to being a good painter:
Role of a Painter:
1. Surface Preparation: Assess and prepare surfaces by cleaning, sanding, and
filling cracks or holes to ensure a smooth and even finish.
2. Color Selection and Mixing: Help clients or project managers choose
appropriate colors and mix paints to achieve the desired shades and finishes.
3. Application Techniques: Use various tools and techniques, such as brushes,
rollers, and sprayers, to apply paint evenly and efficiently to different surfaces.
4. Specialized Finishes: Some painters specialize in decorative finishes, such as
faux painting, stenciling, or mural work.
5. Safety Measures: Adhere to safety guidelines and use appropriate safety
equipment to protect themselves and others during painting tasks.
6. Knowledge of Materials: Understand different types of paints, primers, and
finishes, and select the right materials for each project.
7. Customer Interaction: Communicate with clients or project managers to
understand their preferences, provide estimates, and ensure satisfaction with
the final result.

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 8. Project Management: Plan and organize painting projects, including estimating
material quantities, managing timelines, and coordinating with other
professionals on the job site.
9. Maintenance and Repair: Conduct routine maintenance and touch-ups, as well
as address any issues such as peeling or chipping paint.
10. Adaptability: Adapt to different environments, surfaces, and project
requirements, whether working indoors, outdoors, on residential or commercial
projects.
11.
10.8 Qualities and Attributes of a Good Painter:
1. Attention to Detail: A good painter pays close attention to details, ensuring
precision in the application of paint and achieving a high-quality finish.
2. Creativity: Creativity is essential for painters, especially those involved in
decorative finishes or specialized projects.
3. Physical Stamina: Painting often involves long hours on one's feet, reaching,
bending, and lifting. Physical stamina is important for a painter to handle the
demands of the job.
4. Color Vision: The ability to distinguish between different colors accurately is
crucial for selecting and mixing paints.
5. Problem-Solving Skills: Good painters can identify and address issues that
may arise during a project, such as uneven surfaces or unexpected challenges.
6. Patience: Painting requires patience, especially during intricate tasks or when
waiting for paint to dry between coats.
7. Communication Skills: Effective communication with clients, team members,
and other professionals on the job site is vital for understanding requirements
and ensuring a successful project.
8. Pride in Craftsmanship: A good painter takes pride in their work, aiming for
excellence in every project and paying attention to the long-term durability of
the finish.
9. Time Management: Efficient time management is essential for meeting project
deadlines and ensuring a smooth workflow.
10. Adaptability: The ability to adapt to different project types, surfaces, and
conditions ensures a painter can tackle a variety of challenges successfully.

By embodying these qualities and skills, a painter can excel in their role and
contribute to the overall success of painting projects.

Disadvantages and Advantages of working as a Painter

It's important to consider both the advantages and disadvantages when
contemplating a career as a painter. Individuals with a passion for the craft, strong
work ethic, and a commitment to safety and quality can find success and fulfillment
in this profession
Advantages of Working as a Painter:

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 1. Creativity: Painting allows for creative expression, especially for those involved
in decorative finishes or specialized projects.
2. Variety of Projects: Painters often work on a diverse range of projects, from
residential homes to commercial buildings, providing variety in the work they
do.
3. Skill Development: The profession offers opportunities for skill development in
areas such as color selection, surface preparation, and the application of
various painting techniques.
4. Independence: Some painters work independently or as freelancers, allowing
for greater control over their schedules and the types of projects they take on.
5. Job Availability: There is a consistent demand for painters in the construction,
maintenance, and renovation industries, providing job stability.
6. Entry-Level Opportunities: Painting often offers entry-level opportunities,
making it accessible for individuals who are starting their careers.
7. Entrepreneurial Opportunities: Experienced painters can start their own
businesses, potentially leading to financial independence and the ability to
manage their own projects.
8. Physical Activity: Painting involves physical activity, which can be a positive
aspect for those who enjoy staying active and working with their hands.

Disadvantages of Working as a Painter:

1. Physical Demands: Painting can be physically demanding, requiring long hours
on one's feet, repetitive motions, and exposure to various weather conditions.
2. Health Risks: Exposure to paint fumes and other chemicals may pose health
risks, and painters must take precautions to protect themselves.
3. Weather Dependency: Outdoor painting projects are often weather-dependent,
and adverse weather conditions can impact the ability to work.
4. Seasonal Fluctuations: The demand for painting services may fluctuate
seasonally, leading to periods of high demand and slower times.
5. Skill Intensity: Achieving a high level of skill in painting may take time and
experience, and there can be a learning curve for those entering the field.
6. Customer Expectations: Meeting customer expectations and dealing with
subjective preferences for colors and finishes can be challenging.
7. Competitive Industry: The painting industry can be competitive, with many
individuals and businesses offering similar services, requiring effective
marketing and differentiation.
8. Regulatory Compliance: Painters need to adhere to safety and environmental
regulations, which may involve additional training and compliance measures.
9. Tools and Equipment Costs: Investing in quality tools and equipment can be
expensive, especially for those who choose to work independently.
10. Risk of Economic Downturns: Economic downturns can impact the
construction and renovation industries, potentially affecting job availability for
painters.

10.9 Vocabulary in Painting

1. Quotation – a document prepared by a Painter to issue to a Client, showing
the quantities and costings for a painting job

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2. Client – customer
3. Project – piece of work
4. Sample - A sample is a smaller, manageable version of a larger group/project
5. Technical / hands on – skills gained / gaining
6. Per square meter - standard unit for charging paint work
7. Unit – size of a given building, e.g., one bedroomed house, four bedroomed
apartment
8. Site – a construction place where work is taking place
9. Package – container or sacks containing paint and other paint products e.g.,
20L buckets, etc.
10. Painting booth – mock rooms where painters demonstrate painting skills
11. Skimming – this is the skill of plastering walls using filling (skimming) material,
to obtain very smooth surfaces
12. Housekeeping - keeping work areas neat and orderly, maintaining halls and
floors free of slip and trip hazards, and removing of waste materials (e.g.,
paper, cardboard) and other fire hazards from work areas.
13. Manpower – number of people required to provide labor in a certain project
14. Acrylic - simply means water- based.
15. Bristlesals - substances suitable for painting work, e.g. paint stripper, bleach,
cleanin - short thick hairs of a paint brush
16. Chemicg solutions, etc.
17. Coarse - word to describe part of surface which can be rough, bristly, abrasive
18. Coat – a layer of paint
19. Drop-sheet/spreadsheet - sheet used for covering the floor, sample board, or
anything you want to protect when painting
20. Film – it is a liquid based coating
21. Sound / unsound – terms used to refer to different conditions of a
surface/painting fabric
22. Substrate – A paintable surface made of a specific fabric
23. Surface – Any paintable area
24. Sheen - Term used to describe paint – meaning shining surface or appearance
25. Grit - measure used for coarseness of sandpaper
26. Opacity - ability of a paint film when applied at a given thickness to hide
previous coat from view
27. Porous - term to describe surfaces that have tiny holes in them. These
holes allow water, oils, and other substances to penetrate the surface
28. Stopping –applying thick creamy putty filler on open grain or fine cracks in
timber,
29. Thinner - liquid, used to thin paint or varnish to the desired consistency
30. Snagging - the process of checking a newly completed building for minor faults
that need to be rectified.

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