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Electrical Machines Assignment 1 3rd Sem 2024-25

This document is an assignment for the Electrical Machines course at ITM Vocational University, focusing on transformers and DC machines. It includes multiple choice questions, short answer questions, and long answer questions related to the principles, types, and calculations involving transformers. The assignment is to be completed and submitted between July 4, 2024, and August 8, 2024.

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aditirathod1918
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31 views7 pages

Electrical Machines Assignment 1 3rd Sem 2024-25

This document is an assignment for the Electrical Machines course at ITM Vocational University, focusing on transformers and DC machines. It includes multiple choice questions, short answer questions, and long answer questions related to the principles, types, and calculations involving transformers. The assignment is to be completed and submitted between July 4, 2024, and August 8, 2024.

Uploaded by

aditirathod1918
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ITM Vocational University

Vadodara, Gujarat
Assignment No.: 1
Faculty Engineering and Technology (Mechatronics Engineering Department)
Subject Name: Electrical Machines (3rd B.Tech) Subject Code: 1601103154
Chapter No. & Name: 1. Transformers
2. DC Machines
Name of Subject Teacher: Ms. Apexa Purohit
Unit Start Date: 04/07/2024 Unit Completion Date: 08/08/2024
Date of Submission: 08/08/2024

Q.1 Multiple Choice Questions


1. What is the primary function of a transformer?
A) To increase the current
B) To increase or decrease the voltage
C) To convert DC to AC
D) To store electrical energy
2. Which of the following is not a type of transformer?
A) Step-up Transformer
B) Auto Transformer
C) Isolation Transformer
D) Static Transformer
3. The working principle of a transformer is based on:
A) Ohm’s Law
B) Faraday’s Law of Electromagnetic Induction
C) Coulomb's Law
D) Lenz's Law
4. Which material is commonly used for the core in transformers?

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A) Aluminum
B) Silicon steel
C) Copper
D) Iron
5. In a core type transformer, the windings are placed:
A) Around the core
B) Inside the core
C) At the edges of the core
D) Outside the core
6. Shell type transformers have:
A) Both windings on a single limb
B) Windings on separate limbs
C) Windings encased in the core
D) No windings on the core
7. Which of the following statements is true regarding core and shell type transformers?
A) Core type transformers are more efficient
B) Shell type transformers are more efficient
C) Both have the same efficiency
D) Neither is efficient
8. An ideal transformer is one that:
A) Has no losses
B) Has high efficiency
C) Operates at low voltage
D) Is used for DC circuits
9. The transformation ratio of a transformer is the ratio of:
A) Input voltage to output voltage
B) Number of turns in primary to secondary
C) Output voltage to input voltage
D) Number of turns in secondary to primary

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10. The e.m.f. equation of a transformer is:
A) E = 4.44 * f * N * φ
B) E = 2 * π * f * N
C) E = V * I * t
D) E = N * φ / t
11. Electromagnetic induction occurs when:
A) A magnetic field is stationary
B) A conductor is stationary in a changing magnetic field
C) A conductor is moving in a stationary magnetic field
D) Both B and C
12. Which of the following is a type of loss in a transformer?
A) Hysteresis loss
B) Eddy current loss
C) Copper loss
D) All of the above
13. The most common method of cooling a transformer is:
A) Air cooling
B) Oil cooling
C) Water cooling
D) Gas cooling
14. The main function of the transformer core is to:
A) Insulate the windings
B) Provide a path for magnetic flux
C) Reduce eddy current losses
D) Support the windings
15. Leakage flux in a transformer results in:
A) Increased efficiency
B) Voltage regulation problems
C) Reduced current

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D) None of the above
16. Power transformers are typically used:
A) In high-voltage transmission networks
B) In low-voltage distribution networks
C) In electronic devices
D) As step-down transformers only
17. Distribution transformers are typically used:
A) For long-distance transmission
B) Near end-users for voltage regulation
C) Only in industrial applications
D) None of the above
18. Voltage regulation of a transformer is best when:
A) It is maximum
B) It is minimum
C) It is zero
D) It is negative
19. In a no-load condition, the power factor of a transformer is:
A) Unity
B) Leading
C) Lagging
D) Zero
20. For the parallel operation of transformers, which condition must be met?
A) Same voltage ratio
B) Same impedance
C) Same polarity
D) All of the above
21. Tap changers in transformers are used to:
A) Adjust the voltage ratio
B) Change the core material

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C) Regulate the frequency
D) Alter the load
22. Ferrite core transformers are typically used in:
A) High-frequency applications
B) Low-frequency applications
C) Power transmission
D) Distribution networks
23. The efficiency of a transformer at full load is usually:
A) 50%
B) 70%
C) 90%
D) 95%
24. Eddy currents in a transformer core are reduced by:
A) Increasing the thickness of laminations
B) Decreasing the thickness of laminations
C) Using solid core material
D) Applying more voltage
25. A short-circuit test on a transformer is conducted to determine:
A) Efficiency
B) Core losses
C) Copper losses
D) Voltage regulation

Q.2 Short Answer Type Questions


1. What is a transformer? Brief about the same.
2. What are the types of transformer? Explain.
3. Explain about the working principle of a transformer.
4. Give brief about transformer construction.
5. Explain about core type transformers.
6. Illustrate shell type transformers.
7. Draw the construction of core and shell type transformer and differentiate the same.
8. Brief about ideal transformer theory.
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9. What is transformation ratio? describe the same.
10. Explain about step up and step down transformer.
11. Write the e.m.f. equation of a transformer? Define the transformer types.
12. Explain about electromagnetic induction.
13. The maximum flux density in a core of a 250/3000-volts, 50 hz , single phase transformer is
1.2 Wb/m^2 . if the e.m.f. per turn is 8 volts, determine: 1. primary and secondary turns, 2.
area of the core.
14. A single-phase, 50 Hz, core-type transformer has square cores of 20 cm side. Permissible
maximum flux-density is 1 Wb/m². Calculate the number of turns per Limb on the High and
Low-voltage sides for a 3000/220 V ratio.
15. The core of a 100- kVA, 11000/550 V, 50 hz, 1-ph , core type transformer has a cross section
of 20 cm by 20 cm. find 1. the number of H.V and L.V turns per phase and 2. the e.m.f. per
turn if the maximum core density is not to exceed 1.3 tesla. assume a stacking factor of 0.9.
what will happen if its primary voltage is increased by 10 % on no load?
16. The primary is connected to 3000-V, 50-Hz supply. Find the full-load primary and secondary
currents, the e secondary e.m.f. and the maximum flux in the core. Neglect leakage drops and
no-load primary current.

Q.3. Long Answer Type Questions


1. Draw the basic construction of transformer and explain in detail about its working principle.
2. What is a step up and step down transformer? explain in detail along with construction
diagram.
3. Draw the cross section of a transformer for the cylindrical coils and explain the parameters of
the same.
4. Derive the e.m.f. equation of a transformer.
5. The maximum flux density in the core of a 250/3000-volts, 50-Hz single-phase transformer is
1.2 Wb/m² If the e.m.f. per turn is 8 volt, determine: (I) Primary and secondary turns (II)
Area of the core.
6. A single-phase transformer has 400 primary and 1000 secondary turns. The net cross-
sectional area of the core is 60 cm². If the primary winding be connected to a 50-Hz supply at
520 V, calculate: (I) The peak value of flux density in the core (II) The voltage induced in
the secondary winding
7. A single phase transformer has 500 turns in the primary and 1200 turns in the secondary. The
cross-sectional area of the core is 80 sq. cm. If the primary winding is connected to a 50 Hz
supply at 500 V, calculate: (I) Peak flux-density, and (II) Voltage induced in the secondary.
8. A 25 kVA, single-phase transformer has 250 turns on the primary and 40 turns on the
secondary winding. The primary is connected to 1500-volt, 50 Hz mains. Calculate (I)
Primary and Secondary currents on full-load, (II) Secondary e.m.f., (III) maximum flux in the
core.

Signature of Subject Teacher Signature of Head of the Department

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