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Normal Distribution Copy (1) 011842

The document provides an overview of normal distribution, highlighting its significance in statistics and its properties such as being bell-shaped and symmetrical. It includes examples of calculating percentages and scores within a normal distribution, as well as activities related to constructing normal curves and finding areas under the curves. Additionally, it discusses the standard normal distribution and Z-scores for comparing values relative to the mean.

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21 views23 pages

Normal Distribution Copy (1) 011842

The document provides an overview of normal distribution, highlighting its significance in statistics and its properties such as being bell-shaped and symmetrical. It includes examples of calculating percentages and scores within a normal distribution, as well as activities related to constructing normal curves and finding areas under the curves. Additionally, it discusses the standard normal distribution and Z-scores for comparing values relative to the mean.

Uploaded by

Cerly
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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UNDERSTANDING

Normal Curve
Distribution
NORMAL DISTRIBUTION
Normal Probability Distribution
• is a probability distribution of a continuous random variables.
• is also used to describe the characteristics of populations and
making inferences.
• is the most important continuous probability distribution in
statistics.
• The graph of a normal distribution
is called the normal curve.

x
Properties of Normal Curve
1 The normal curve is a bell-shaped.
2 The peak of a normal curve is at the center where the mean, mode,
and median are equal to each other.
3 About its mean 0, the normal curve is symmetrical to the center.
4 The tails are plotted on both directions of normal curve, and it is
asymptotic with the horizontal axis.
Total area = 1
5 The total area of normal curve is 1.

x
μ
The shape of a normal curve is based on the
two given parameters, the mean and the
standard deviations of the distributions.

4
The normal curve is also described through the equation
written below
𝑋−µ
(−1/2)( )^2
𝑒 2
𝑌=
ơ√2𝜋
where: Y = height of the curve particular values of random variables
X = any values of the random variables
µ = population mean
ơ = standard deviation
π = 3.1416
e = 2.7183
5
HOW TO CONSTRUCT A STANDARD NORMAL CURVE?

1. It should be a bell-shaped and symmetric about its center


2. Both side of the tails of a normal curve should not touch the
horizontal axis
3. In the horizontal axis, use 0 at the center where the mean is
located and use 1, 2, and 3 to the right and -1, -2 and -3 to the left.
4. The distance of number in the horizontal line or the x-axis should
always proportion.
6
7
EMPIRICAL RULE

8
Illustrative Example 1:
The score of the College students in their Statistics
and Probability examination are normally distributed
with a mean of 35 and standard deviation of 5.

1. What percent will fall within the score 30 to 40?


2. What scores fall within 95% of the distribution?

9
1. What percent will fall within the score 30 to
40?

It is
approximately
68% of the
distribution

10
Illustrative Example 1:
The score of the College students in their Statistics
and Probability examination are normally distributed
with a mean of 35 and standard deviation of 5.

1. What percent will fall within the score 30 to 40?


2. What scores fall within 95% of the distribution?

11
2. What scores fall within 95% of the
distribution?
The
corresponding
scores of this
distribution are
-3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3
from 25 up to 45. 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
12
Illustrative Example 2:
The city nurse of QMC needs to measure the BMI
(Body Mass Index) of the college students. She
found out that the heights of college students are
normally distributed with a mean of 160 cm and a
standard deviation of 7 cm. Find the percentage
of college students whose height is within 153 to
174. 13
Find the percentage of college students whose height is
within 153 to 174.

The height
153 to 174
lies on the
81.5% of the
distribution

14
NORMAL
DISTRIBUTION
Activity 1: Draw the Normal Curve
Standard
Mean 𝝁 Deviation
𝒔
1. 80 5
2. 80 10
3. 75 5
STANDARD NORMAL DISTRIBUTION
• is a distribution with 𝜇 = 0 and 𝜎 = 1
• Z-Score measures how many standard deviations a
particular value is above or below the mean.
𝑿 −𝝁
𝒁=
where:
𝝈
𝑋 = 𝑟𝑎𝑤 𝑠𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑒
𝜇 = 𝑚𝑒𝑎𝑛
𝜎 = 𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑎𝑟𝑑 𝑑𝑒𝑣𝑖𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛
01 In which subject did Ana perform better?
SUBJECT X 𝝁 𝝈
Math 85 80 5
Science 82 75 5

02 Who performed better?


A. May whose Z-score is 2.0 or Maan whose Z-score is 1.5?

B. Queen whose Z-score is -1.15 0r Anne whose Z-score is -


1.5?
ACTIVITY 2: Complete the Table
Z X 𝝁 𝝈
1) 50 45 5
2) 43 39 2
3) 2.1 78 3.5
4) - 1.67 89 3.2
5) 1.5 67 4
6) -2.4 75 1.5
7) 0.15 56 50
8) - 0.75 72 75
9) 55 59 3.4
10) 0.95 78 3
AREAS UNDER THE NORMAL CURVES
(Table in the Appendix)
Problems:
1. Find the area to the right of 𝒁 = 𝟎
Find 𝑃(𝑍 ≥ 0) “Find the probability that Z will take values greater
than or equal to 0”

2. Find the area to the left of 𝒁 = 𝟎


Find 𝑃(𝑍 ≤ 0) “Find the probability that Z will take values less
than or equal to 0”

3. Find the area from 𝒁 = −𝟐. 𝟒𝟏 to 𝒁 = 𝟏. 𝟗𝟖


Find 𝑃(−2.41 ≤ 𝑍 ≤ 1.98)
“Find the probability that Z will take values grater than or equal to -
2.41 but less than or equal to 1.98”
ACTIVITY 3: AREAS UNDER THE NORMAL CURVES
1. Find the area from 𝒁 = 𝟎 to 𝒁 = 𝟏. 𝟑𝟓
2. Find the area from 𝒁 = 𝟎 to 𝒁 = −𝟐. 𝟑
3. Find 𝑷(−𝟐. 𝟎 ≤ 𝒁 ≤ 𝟐. 𝟓)
4. Find 𝑷 𝒁 ≥ 𝟐. 𝟓
5. Find the area to the left of 𝒁 = −𝟏. 𝟓𝟑
6. Find 𝑷 𝟎. 𝟓 ≤ 𝒁 ≤ 𝟐. 𝟓
7. Find Z if the area to the right of – 𝒁 𝒊𝒔 𝟎. 𝟕𝟔𝟏𝟏
ACTIVITY 3: AREAS UNDER THE NORMAL CURVES
8. The IQ of 300 students in a certain high school is
approximately distributed with mean = 100 and s = 15.
a. What is the probability that a randomly selected
student will have an IQ of 115 and above?
b. How many students have an IQ from 85 to 120?

9. The final grades of 100 Grade 9 students


approximately a normal distribution with a mean grade
85 and a standard deviation of 12. What is the grade
of Sarah if 30% of the students got lower than hers?
Thanks!
Do you have any questions?
[email protected]

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