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The document provides an overview of Organic Light Emitting Diodes (OLEDs), detailing their types, principles, construction, and working mechanisms. It highlights the advantages of OLED technology over traditional displays, such as lower power consumption, high contrast ratios, and faster response times. Additionally, it outlines potential applications and poses questions for further exploration of OLEDs.

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Muthu Vadivu S
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9 views

oled

The document provides an overview of Organic Light Emitting Diodes (OLEDs), detailing their types, principles, construction, and working mechanisms. It highlights the advantages of OLED technology over traditional displays, such as lower power consumption, high contrast ratios, and faster response times. Additionally, it outlines potential applications and poses questions for further exploration of OLEDs.

Uploaded by

Muthu Vadivu S
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 13

ORGANIC LIGHT EMITTING DIODES

(OLED)

Dr. DHANYA S. R.
Assistant Professor
Department of Chemistry
CET, Trivandrum
1
CONTENTS

❖ Introduction

❖ OLED employing conducting polymers

❖ Principle

❖ Construction

❖ Working

❖ Small molecule OLED

❖Advantages

❖ Applications
2
2
INTRODUCTION
Light emitting diode in which the emissive electroluminescent layer is a
film of organic compound which emits light in response to an electric
current.
(i) those employing conducting polymers
(ii) those based on small molecules

3
OLED EMPLOYING CONDUCTING POLYMERS
Principle: HOMO – LUMO transitions
✔Organic layer between anode & cathode
✔Conductive due to the delocalization of Π electrons
caused by conjugation
The organic compounds used in OLEDs include derivatives of
Poly(p-phenylene vinylene) and polyfluorene.

Substitution of side chains onto the polymer backbone may


determine the colour of emitted light.

Poly(p-phenylene vinylene) PPV polyfluorene


4
CONSTRUCTION
Schematic diagram of a bilayer OLED
Cathode (−)
Emissive Layer/ETL
Emission of radiation
Conductive Layer/HTL
Anode (+)

5
5
WORKING

✔Apply a voltage across the anode and cathode.


✔As the electricity starts to flow, the cathode receives electrons from the power source
and the anode loses them.
✔The added electrons are making the n-type emissive layer negatively charged, while
the p-type conductive layer is becoming positively charged.
✔Positive holes are much more mobile than electrons so they jump across the boundary
from the conductive layer to the emissive layer.
✔When a hole meets an electron, the y cancel out and release a brief burst of energy in
the form of a quantum of light or a photon. This process is called recombination.
Since it's happening many times in a second the OLED produces continuous light for
as long as the current keeps flowing.

Note: In conventional LED electrons are more mobile than holes so p-region is the emissive layer. 6
SMALL MOLECULE OLED

✔Creation of light emitting electrochemical cell on adding mobile ions to


an OLED
✔3 organic layers sandwiched between electrodes
✔EML consists of light emitting dyes or dopant dispersed in suitable host
material

Aluminium Quinacridone ALlq3


7
ADVANTAGES
1. The manufacture of OLED is highly economical and is more efficient than
LCD and flat panel screens.

2. OLED display can be printed cloths and fabrics by ink jet printing. This
technology will help in carrying huge displays in our hands.

3. There is much difference in watching a high-definition TV to a OLED


display. As the contrast ratio of OLED is very high (even in dark conditions),
it can be watched from an angle nearly 90 degrees without any difficulty.

4. No backlight is produced by this device and the power consumption is


also very less.

5. OLED has a refresh rate of 100,000 Hz which is almost 9900 Hz greater


than an LCD display.

6. The response time is less than 0.01 ms. LCD needs a response time of 1
ms.
8
ADVANTAGES

9
ADVANTAGES

10
APPLICATIONS

11
TRY TO ANSWER

1. What are OLEDs ? What are different types of OLEDs? Discuss


their basic principles

2. Write a note on the construction and working of an OLED.

3. Why n-region acts as emissive layer in contrast conventional


inorganic LEDs?

4. What are the advantages of OLEDs?

12
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