CS 11: DISASTER READINESS

AND RISK REDUCTION

COURSE CODE 2ND SEM Ms. Mary Jessicca J. Echano

Examples:
Earthquakes, floods,
W1: LECTURE TITLE landslides, etc.

●​ MAN-MADE DISASTER- Harmful events

TOPIC OVERVIEW caused by human actions or negligence.
Examples: war,
A.​ MAIN TOPIC TITLE
bomb blast, chemical
a.​ Subtopic A1
leaks, etc.
b.​ Subtopic A2

A Basic Concept of Disaster and A3 RISK FACTORS UNDERLYING

Disaster Risk DISASTERS

●​ Severity of Exposure
●​ Gender and Family
●​ Age
A1 Basic Concept of ●​ Economic Status of the Country
Disaster and Disaster Risk

●​ Disaster- A crisis situation causing A3 Factors which underlie

widespread damage which far exceeds disasters
our ability to recover.
●​ Disaster Risk- The potential loss of life,
injury, or destroyed or damaged assets ●​ CLIMATE CHANGE- can increase disaster
which could occur to a system, society or risk in a variety of ways – by altering the
a community in a specific period of time. frequency and intensity of hazard events,
●​ HAZARD-A potential source of harm, or affecting vulnerability to hazards, and
something that could cause injury changing exposure patterns.
damage, or other adverse effects. ●​ ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION-
●​ VULNERABILITY- likelihood of a person, Changes to the environment can
community, or asset being affected by a influence the frequency and intensity of
hazard due to their hazards, as well as our exposure and
circumstances and characteristics. vulnerability to these hazards.
●​ EXPOSURE- Refers to people or ●​ GLOBALIZED ECONOMIC DEV-It results
properties which are directly affected by in an increased polarization between the
natural disasters. rich and poor on a global scale.
RISK = HAZARD X EXPOSURE X ●​ POVERTY AND INEQUALITY-
VULNERABILITY Impoverished people are more likely to
live in hazard-exposed areas and are less
able to invest in risk-reducing measures.
●​ POORLY PLANNED URBAN DEV-A new
A2 NATURE OF DISASTER wave of urbanization is unfolding in
hazard-exposed countries and with it,
●​ NATURAL DISASTER- Events caused by new opportunities for resilient
nature that can be destructive and have investment emerge.
a significant impact

PAGE 1 RYANNA EVANA MCEACHIN 11 STEM CYPRESS

 CS 11: DISASTER READINESS
AND RISK REDUCTION
COURSE CODE 2ND SEM Ms. Mary Jessicca J. Echano

●​ WEAK GOVERNANCE-weak governance household articles

zones are nvestment environments in • loss of crops
which public sector actors are unable or • loss of public infrastructure
unwilling to assume their roles and Political Perspective
responsibilities in protecting rights, Political Effects of a Disaster
providing basic services and public • People who have trust in political institution
service. will
assess the government’s risk assessments as
credible and accept their hazard policies
A1 EFFECTS OF DISASTERS (Johnson
1999)
• Low level of trust in public institutions
●​ Displaced Populations therefore
●​ Health Risk means that citizens may ignore the
●​ Food Scarcity recommendations and disregard the
information
●​ Emotional Aftershocks
provided by these institutions (McCaffey
2004).
A2 DISASTER FROM DIFFERENTS • If individuals are confident that they will
PERSPECTIVE receive
sufficient aid from the government when a
disaster
Physical Perspective occurs, they might not be motivated to take
Effects of Physical Disasters measures on their own (King and Kang 2000).
• Injuries Biological Perspective
• Physical disabilities or illness Effects of Biological Disasters
• Sanitation • loss of lives
• Damage in infrastructure • public demobilization
Psychological Perspective • negative economic effect
Psychological effects of a • unemployment
Disaster • hunger
• distress
• hopelessness
• avoidance A EXPOSURE AND VULNERABILITY
• emotional effects
• hatred
• grief
Socio-cultural Perspective
Socio-Cultural Effect of
Disasters A3 EXPOSURE
• change in individual roles
• disruption of social ●​ DISASTER RISK- Combination of physical
relationships and personal hazards and the vulnerability of exposed
connections Elements. R = H X E X V
Economic Perspective The severity of the impacts of disaster
Economic Effects of Disasters and other extreme weather and climate
• loss of life events depends
• unemployment strongly on the level of
• loss of property loss of vulnerability and exposure

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 CS 11: DISASTER READINESS
AND RISK REDUCTION
COURSE CODE 2ND SEM Ms. Mary Jessicca J. Echano

to these events.
A3 PHILIPPINES VULNERABILITIES
●​ EXPOSURE- Refers to “elements at risk”
TO NATURAL DISASTER
from a natural and man-made hazard.•
Elements exposed to hazard.
●​ VULNERABILITY- The characteristics and ●​ TYPHOON BELT
circumstances of a community, system or asset ●​ RUGGED LANDSCAPE
that make it susceptible to the damaging ●​ NATURE OF SOCIETY
effects of a hazard. ●​ UNDERSTANDING OF THE AREA
●​ BELOW SEA LEVEL
A3 DEMOGRAPHIC FACTORS ●​ MANY SMALL ISLAND
●​ LONGEST COASTLINE
●​ AGRICULTURAL AND FISHING
●​ AGE OF POPULATION ●​ POOR INSTITUTIONAL AND SOCIETAL
●​ DISTRIBUTION OF POPULATION CAPACITY
●​ CORRUPTION
●​ VOLCANIC ERUPTIONS
A3 SOCIO-ECONOMIC FACTORS

A3 COMMUNITY PREPAREDNESS
●​ WEALTH
●​ EDUCATION
●​ NATURE OF SOCIETY ●​ BUILDING CODES
●​ UNDERSTANDING OF THE AREA ●​ SCIENTIFIC MONITORING AND EARLY
WARNING SYSTEM
●​ COMMUNICATION NETWORK
A3 COMMUNITY PREPAREDNESS
●​ EMERGENCY PLANNING

●​ BUILDING CODES
●​ SCIENTIFIC MONITORING AND EARLY
A BASIC CONCEPT OF HAZARD
WARNING SYSTEM
●​ COMMUNICATION NETWORK
●​ EMERGENCY PLANNING
A3 GENERAL CLASSIFICATIONS OF
A3 SOCIO-ECONOMIC FACTORS HAZARAD

●​ WEALTH ●​ NATURAL HAZARD- from earth

●​ EDUCATION GEOLOGICAL: earthquakes, volcanic
●​ NATURE OF SOCIETY eruptions, landslides
●​ UNDERSTANDING OF THE AREA HYDROLOGICAL: Tsunamis,floods
METEOROLOGICAL:hurricanes,
tornadoes,droughts,blizzards
A3 FOUR TYPES OF VULNERABILITY BIOLOGICAL: Epidemics
●​ QUASI-NATURAL HAZARD- between
●​ PHYSICAL VULNERABILITY natural and human activities
●​ SOCIAL VULNERABILITY ●​ TECNOLOGICAL/HUMAN-MADE
●​ ECONOMIC VULNERABILITY HAZARD-ALAM MO NA YAN
●​ ENIVIRONMENTAL VULNERABILITY

PAGE RYANNA EVANA MCEACHIN 11 STEM CYPRESS

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 CS 11: DISASTER READINESS
AND RISK REDUCTION
COURSE CODE 2ND SEM Ms. Mary Jessicca J. Echano

A3 IMPACTS OF HAZARDS

●​ PHYSICAL IMPACT
●​ PSYCHOLOGICAL IMPACT
●​ SOCIO-CULTURAL IMPACT
●​ ECONOMIC IMPACT
●​ ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT
●​ BIOLOGICAL IMPACT

A3 IDENTIFICATION OF HAZARDS AND

RISK ASSESSMENT

●​ HAZARD IDENTIFICATION- Process of

determining
●​ RISK ASSESSMENT- A WAY TO
DETERMINE

A3 STEPS IN HAZARD IDENTIFICATIONS

AND RISK ASSESSMENTS

●​ IDENTIFY THE HAZARD

A.​ OBSERVATION
B.​ MATERIAL SAFETY DATA STEETS
MSDSs
C.​ HAZARAD AND RISK SURVEYS
D.​ DISCUSSION GROUP TO
IDENTIFY
E.​ SAFETY AUDITS
●​ ASSESS THE RISK
A.​ RISK ASSESSMENT SCORING
MATRIX
●​ MAKE CHANGES
●​ CHECKING THE CHANGES MADE

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