1.

The theory predicts the population of beans in the four groups A, B, C and D should be
9:3:3:1. In an experiment among 1600 beans, the numbers in the four groups were 882,
213, 287 and 118. Does the experimental result support the theory? ( The table value
for 3 degrees of freedom at the 5% level of significance is 7.81).
2. A die is rolled 100 times with the following distribution. ( The table value for 5 degrees of
freedom at the 1% level of significance is 15.086).
Number 1 2345 6

Observed 17 14 20 17 17 15
Frequenc
y
3. Tata Soaps manufacturing company was distributing a particular brand of soap through a
large number of retail shops. Before a heavy advertisement campaign, the mean sales
per week per shop was 140 dozens,. After the campaign, a sample of 26 shops was
taken and the mean sales was found to be 147 dozens with a standard deviation 16. Can
you consider the advertisement effective?. ( The table value for 25 degrees of freedom at
the 5% level of significance is 1.798).
4. A machine is designed to produce insulating washers for electrical devices of average
thickness 0.025cm. A random sample of 10 washers was found to have an average
thickness of 0.024cm with a standard deviation of 0.002cm. Test the significance of
deviation. Value 0f t for 9 degrees of freedom at 5% level of significance is 2.262).

5. Find the least value of r in a sample of 18 pairs of observation from a bivariate normal
population significant at 5% level of significance. ( The table value for 16 degrees of
freedom at the 5% level of significance for a two tailed test is 2.12).
6. A random sample of 27 pairs of observations from a normal population gives a
correlation coefficient of 0.42. Is it likely that the variables in the population are
uncorrelated?. ( The table value for 25 degrees of freedom at the 5% level of
significance for a two tailed test is 2.06).
7. A random sample of 20 daily workers of state. A was found to have an average daily
earning of Rs. 44 with sample variance 900. Another sample of 20 daily workers from
state B was found to earn on an average Rs. 30 per day with sample variance 400. Test
whether the workers in state A are earring more than in state B.
8. A school claimed that the students studying are more intelligent than the average
school.On calculating the IQ scores of 50 students, with mean 11. The mean of the
population IQ is 100 and the standard deviation is 15. State whether the claim of principal
is right or not at a 5% level of significance.( Z-score at 5% level of significance is 1.645).
9. Calculate the coefficient of correlation for the following data.
x 9 8 765 432 1

y 15 16 14 13 11 12 10 8 9
10. From the following data which shows the ages X and systolic B.P. Y of 12 womens. Are
the two variable ages X and B.P. Y correlated?
Age 56 42 72 36 63 47 55 49 38 42 68 60
(X)

B.P. 147 125 160 118 149 128 150 145 115 140 152 155
(Y)
11. Find the rank correlation coefficient from the following data.
x 10 12 18 18 15 40

y 12 18 25 25 50 25
12. Determine the rank correlation for the following data which shows the marks obtained in
two quizzes in mathematics.
Mark 6 5 8 8 7 6 10 4 9 7
s in
the
1st
quiz
(X)

Mark 8 7 7 10 5 8 10 6 8 6
s in
the
2nd
quiz
(Y)
13. Find the Bowley Skewness for the following set of data:
No of pets B No. of family Cumulative frequency

0 60 60

1 60 120

2 50 170

3 20 190

4 25 215

5 10 225

6 or more 5 230
14. Find out the fallacy. If any in the following statement: if X is a possession variate such
that P(X=2) = 9P(X=4) + 90 P(X= 6), then mean of X=1.
15. A variable X follows Poison distribution with variance 3. Calculate (i) P(X=2),
(ii) P(X>=4).
16. For a certain normal distribution, the first moment of about 10 is 40 nd the fourth moment
of about 50 is 48. What is the arithmetic mean and standard deviation of the distribution?

17. If X is a normal variate with a mean of 30 and a standard deviation is 5. Find the
probabilities that (i) 26<=X<= 40 (II) X<=45
18. A trucking company wishes to test the average life of the four brands of tyres. The
company uses all the brands on randomly selected trucks. The records showing the lives
( Thousands of miles) of tyres are as given in the table.
Test the hypothesis that the average life for each band of tyres is the same. Assume
standard deviation= 0.01. Apply suitable test
Brand 1 Brand 2 Brand 3 Brand 4

20 19 21 15

23 15 19 17

18 17 20 16

17 20 17 18
19.
Q20. Elucidate in what way measures of central tendency, variation, skewness and
kurtosis are complementary to one another in understanding a frequency
distribution table.
Ans. Measures of central tendency, variation, skewness, and kurtosis are complementary
to each other in understanding a frequency distribution table because they provide
different perspectives on the shape and characteristics of the distribution.

Central tendency measures, such as the mean, median, and mode, provide information
about the typical or average value of the data. They give a sense of where the majority of
the data lies and can be used to compare different datasets.

Variation measures, such as the range, variance, and standard deviation, provide
information about the spread or dispersion of the data. They describe how the data is
distributed around the central tendency and can be used to compare the variability of
different datasets.

Skewness measures, such as the skewness coefficient, provide information about the
symmetry of the distribution. A positively skewed distribution has a longer tail to the right,
while a negatively skewed distribution has a longer tail to the left. Skewness can affect the
interpretation of the mean as a measure of central tendency, and it can be important in
certain applications such as finance and insurance.

Kurtosis measures, such as the kurtosis coefficient, provide information about the
peakedness of the distribution. A distribution with high kurtosis has a sharp peak and
heavy tails, while a distribution with low kurtosis has a flat peak and light tails. Kurtosis
can affect the interpretation of the variance and standard deviation as measures of
variation, and it can be important in certain applications such as risk management.

Taken together, these measures provide a comprehensive picture of the distribution of

data and can be used to identify patterns, outliers, and other characteristics that may be
relevant to understanding the data. For example, a distribution with a high mean and high
standard deviation may indicate that there are both high and low values in the data, while
a distribution with a negative skewness coefficient and low kurtosis may indicate that the
data is concentrated in the lower range.

By using a combination of these measures, analysts can gain a deeper understanding of

the underlying patterns and characteristics of the data and make more informed decisions
based on that understanding.