OLAP: Online analytical processing (OLAP) is software technology you can use to analyze

business data from different points of view. OLAP works by extracting data from multiple
sources and formatting it into cubes, which can then be analyzed from multiple points of view

There are three different types of OLAP based on how data is stored in the database.

 ROLAP : stands for Relational Online Analytical Processing. ...

OLTP OLAP
Characteristic It is characterized by It is characterized by a
large numbers of large volume of data.
short online
transactions.
Functionality OLTP is an online OLAP is an online
database modifying database query
system. management system.
Method OLTP uses traditional OLAP uses the data
DBMS. warehouse.
Query Insert, Update, and Mostly select
Delete information operations
from the database.
Table Tables in OLTP Tables in OLAP
database are database are not
normalized. normalized.
Source OLTP and its Different OLTP
transactions are the databases become the
sources of data. source of data for
OLAP.
Data Integrity OLTP database must OLAP database does
maintain data not get frequently
integrity constraint. modified. Hence, data
integrity is not an
issue.
Response time It’s response time is in Response time in
millisecond. seconds to minutes.
Data quality The data in the OLTP The data in OLAP
database is always process might not be
detailed and organized.
organized.
Usefulness It helps to control and It helps with planning,
run fundamental problem-solving, and
business tasks. decision support.
Operation Allow read/write Only read and rarely
operations. write.
Audience It is a market It is a customer
orientated process. orientated process.
Query Type Queries in this Complex queries
process are involving
standardized and aggregations.
simple.
Back-up Complete backup of OLAP only need a
the data combined backup from time to
with incremental time. Backup is not
backups. important compared
to OLTP
Design DB design is DB design is subject
application oriented. oriented. Example:
Example: Database Database design
design changes with changes with subjects
industry like Retail, like sales, marketing,
Airline, Banking, etc. purchasing, etc.
User type It is used by Data Used by Data
critical users like knowledge users like
clerk, DBA & Data workers, managers,
Base professionals. and CEO.
Purpose Designed for real time Designed for analysis
business operations. of busine
CHARACTERISTICS OF DATA WAREHOUSE

Integrated:
Establishing a common unit of measurement for all related data in a data warehouse using data
from different databases is the process of integrating data. You must store data within it in a
simple and universally acceptable manner.

Non-volatile:
The data warehouse is also non-volatile, which means that past data cannot be erased. The
information is read-only and is only modified on a routine basis. It also helps with statistical data
evaluation and comprehension of what and when events occurred. You don’t require any other
complicated procedure.

Subject-oriented:
Rather than company operations, a data warehouse typically provides
information on a specific topic (such as sales inventory or supply chain).

Time-Variant:
Historical data is kept in a data warehouse. For example, one can retrieve data from 3 months,
6 months, 12 months, or even older data from a data warehouse. This contrasts with a
transactions system, where often only the most recent data is kept.
 Data mart:
A data mart is a data storage system that contains information specific to an organization's
business unit. It contains a small and selected part of the data that the company stores in a
larger storage system. Companies use a data mart to analyze department-specific information
more efficiently.