REFERENCE DOCUMENT

Drawing Number DESIGNATION STATUS

DK YW
A 15-Sep-24 ISSUED FOR APPROVAL
15-Sep-2024 15-Sep-2024
PREPARED BY : CHECKED BY:
REV. DATE DESCRIPTION
DATE: DATE:
OWNER :
PT PLN (PERSERO)
UNIT INDUK PEMBANGUNAN BATAM

CONSULTANT :

PROJECT :

PT PLN BATAM (PERSERO)

PEMBANGUNAN GI NONGSA

CONTRACTOR :

DOCUMENT TITLE :

LIGHTNING ARRESTER (LA) - FOUNDATION

PREPARED BY : CHECKED BY : APPROVED BY :

DK YW

DATE: 15-Sep-2024 DATE: 15-Sep-2024 DATE: 15-Sep-2024

SCALE : SIZE : CONTRACTOR'S DRAWING No : PAGE :

1 OF 14

PLN DWG No.: REVISION :

A
1. GENERAL
1.1 OUTLINE OF PROJECT
Project : Construction of GI New Nongsa
Contractor : CV. DK Kontraktor
Location : Nongsa, Batam
Structure : CT Foundation

1.2 CODE, STANDARDS, AND OTHER SPECIFICATIONS

CODES & STANDARDS
ACI 318-2005 Building Code Requirement for Reinforcement Concrete
SNI 8460 - 2017 Guidelines for Geotechnical
SNI 03 – 2847 - 2002 Methods to Calculate Concrete Structure for Building
SNI 03 – 1729 – 2002 Methods to Calculate Steel Structure for Building

REFERENCES
Dutch Cone Penetration (Sondir) result, Add on 2x30MVA - Nongsa, 12 September 2024
Foundation Design and Analysis, Joseph E. Bowles, 4th edition, 1992
Soil Mechanics, Terzaghi, 1973
Mekanika Tanah, Hary C. Hardiyatmo, 1992

1.3 DESIGN PHILOSOPHY

Unit of measurement in metric units. Applied softwares in this calculation sheet is MS Excel.

This report covers pile foundation analysis and design for CT structure.
Reinforce concrete is used for pad and pedestal, which it shall be accordance with the ultimate strength
design method as specified in ACI specification.

1.4 MATERIAL PROPERTIES

Compressive Strength of concrete fc' = 300 kg/cm2 = 24.9 MPa
Yield stress of steel U-24 fy = 2400 kg/cm2 = 240 MPa
Yield stress of steel U-39 fy = 3900 kg/cm2 = 390 MPa
Unit weight of reinforcement concrete γc = 2400 kg/m3
Unit weight of steel γs = 7850 kg/m3
Anchore M - 20

1.5 SOIL PROPERTIES

Unit weight of soil γs = 1700 kg/m3
Unit weight of water γw = 1000 kg/m3

1.6 REDUCTION FACTOR AND SAFETY FACTOR

a. Flexure without axial load = 0.90 ACI 318_99 Chapter 9.3.2.1
b. Axial tension & axial tension with flexure = 0.90 ACI 318_99 Chapter 9.3.2.2
c. Axial compression & axial compresion with flexure = 0.70
d. Shear and Torsion = 0.85 ACI 318_99 Chapter 9.3.2.3

Safety factor for pile capacity using correlation on field test, SF = 3

1.7 LOADING
From superstructure analysis result by SAP2000 program, joint reaction that subjected as loading to the
foundation for each leg is given as following table (see attachment for detail joint reaction)

So, total load superstructure to foundation is:

Hx = 0.00 kN Lateral load in x-direction
Hy = 0.00 kN Lateral load in y-direction
Pc = 67.57 kN Axial compression
Mx = 0.00 kN.m Moment in x-direction
My = 0.00 kN.m Moment in y-direction
Bearing Capacity Shallow Foundation

Input
Geometry Soil Parameter Bearing Capacity Factors
strip, round, square q g' 17.00 kN/m3 Terzaghi Meyerhoff Hansen Vesic
Lebar pondasi (B) 1.20 m c' or Su 45.00 kPa Nc 7.34 6.49 6.49 6.49
Panjang pondasi (L) 1.20 m f' 5.00 deg Nq 1.64 1.57 1.57 1.57
Kedalaman (Df) 1.20 m Ng 0.41 0.07 0.07 0.45
Sudut Gaya (j) 0 o
Sc 1.30 1.24 1.24 1.24
Safety Factor, SF 3 Sq - 1.12 1.09 1.09
Sg 0.80 1.12 0.60 0.60
Results dc - 1.22 1.40 1.40
Bearing Capacity (kN) dq - 1.11 1.16 1.16
Type Terzaghi Meyerhoff Hansen Vesic dg - 1.11 1.00 1.00
Ultimate 466.0 481.0 548.4 550.6 ic - 1.00 1.00 1.00
Allowable 155.3 160.3 182.8 183.5 iq 1.00 1.00 1.00
Recommendation Ultimate 511.5 ig 1.00 1.00 1.00
Recommendation Allowable 170.5
1.8 Check for Footing Foundation

The bearing capacity for pad foundation can be given by following equation:

qult = c.Nc.Sc.dc.ic + g.Df.Nq.Sq.dq.iq + 0.5.g.B.Ng.Sg.dg.ig

Where:
qult = ultimate bearing capacity
c= soil cohesion
g= unit weight of soil
B= Width of pad
D= Dept of pad
sc, sq, sg = shape factor
ic, iq, ig = inclination factor
dc, dq, dg = depth factor

Value of shape, inclination and depth factor are depends to internal friction angle as table below:
1. Data of Foundation :
1.1 Slab/Plate :

Spread Foundation Width (B) = 1200 mm

Spread Foundation Length (L) = 1200 mm
Slab Thickness (t) = 250 mm
Height of fill above pad (D) = 950 mm
Foundation Depth (Df) = 1200 mm
height of Hor. Force from Bot. (Y) = 1400 mm

1.2 Pedestal :

Column Section Width (b) = 600.00 mm

Column Section Height (h) = 600.00 mm
Unit weight of concrete (gc) = 24 kN/m3

1.3 Loads :

Moment in X-X direction (Mx) = 0.00 kNm

Moment in Y-Y direction (My) = 0.00 kNm
Axial Force on Column (Pv) = 67.57 kN
Hor. Force on Column (Ph) = 0.00 kN
Force Slope angle ( q ) = 0 0

2. Soil and Concrete Conditions :

2.1 Foundation
Saturated Soil Unit Weight ( gs ) = 17.00 kN/m3
Ave. conus sondir at depth found. = 20.00 kg/cm2
NSPT at design of depth = 18.00
Undrained shear strength from lab ( cu ) = 33.00 kN/m2
Undrained shear strength design (su) = 35.00 kPa
Overburden Pressure = g Df = 16.15 kN/m2
Self weight of concrete (qc) = 16.85 kN
Self weight of soil (qs) = 5.81 kN
Self weight of concrete + soil (q) = 22.66 kN
Concrete's Characteristic K - 300

2.2 Bearing Capacity Factor :

- Terzaghi
Nc = 7.337 Sc = 1.300 dc = -
Nq = 1.642 Sq = - dq = -
Ng = 0.407 Sg = 0.800 dg = -
 Ultimate Bearing Capacity (qult) = c.Nc.Sc + g.Df.Nq.Sq + 0.5.g.B.Ng.Sg
= 466.00 kN/m2

- Meyerhof
Nc = 6.489 Sc = 1.238 dc = 1.218 ic = 1.000
Nq = 1.568 Sq = 1.119 dq = 1.109 iq = 1.000
Ng = 0.070 Sg = 1.119 dg = 1.109 ig = 1.000

Ultimate Bearing Capacity (qult) = c.Nc.Sc.dc.ic + g.Df.Nq.Sq.dq.iq + 0.5.g.B.Ng.Sg.dg.ig

= 481.04 kN/m2
- Hansen
Nc = 6.489 Sc = 1.242 dc = 1.400 ic = 1.000
Nq = 1.568 Sq = 1.087 dq = 1.160 iq = 1.000
Ng = 0.075 Sg = 0.600 dg = 1.000 ig = 1.000

Ultimate Bearing Capacity (qult) = c.Nc.Sc.dc.ic + g.Df.Nq.Sq.dq.iq + 0.5.g.B.Ng.Sg.dg.ig

= 548.35 kN/m2

- Vesic
Nc = 6.489 Sc = 1.242 dc = 1.400 ic = 1.000
Nq = 1.568 Sq = 1.087 dq = 1.160 iq = 1.000
Ng = 0.449 Sg = 0.600 dg = 1.000 ig = 1.000

Ultimate Bearing Capacity (qult) = c.Nc.Sc.dc.ic + g.Df.Nq.Sq.dq.iq + 0.5.g.B.Ng.Sg.dg.ig

= 550.64 kN/m2

Recommendeted Bearing Capacity

Ultimate Bearing Capacity Design = 511.51

Safety Factor (SF) = 3

All. Bearing Capacity Recommended = 170.50 kN/m2

Contact Pressure and Soil Pressure Diagram :

Eccentricity , ex = 0 mm ex/B = 0.000 Rex = 1.000

Eccentricity , ey = 0 mm ey/B = 0.000 Rey = 1.000

B' = 1200 mm
L' = 1200 mm

Q Mx . Y My . X
qv = ± ±
A Ix Iy

h L

A
B
Q = Pv + qc + qs = 90.23 kN
A = B x L = 1.44 m2
My' = Ph . Y + My = 0.00 kNm
x = 0.5 B = 0.6 m
Iy = B3 x L /12 = 0.173 m4

Mx' = Mx = 0.00 kNm

y = 0.5 L = 0.6 m
Ix = L3 x B /12 = 0.173 m4

Contact Pressure

qright = 62.66 kN/m2

qleft = 62.66 kN/m2
qult = 466.0 kN/m2
qall = 170.5 kN/m2
Pall = 246 kN
qall (reduce) = 170.5 kN/m2

qmax = qright = 62.66 kN/m2 < qall it's OK

Control slab thickness

qnetto = 46.92 kN/m2
tponds = 1766.69 kN/m2

Equation looking for t:

7137.15 t2 + 86.86 t -(76)

t1 = 97.29 mm
t2 = -109.46 mm
ttotal = 147.29 mm {plus cover}
tplat = 147.00 mm < tdesign OK

2.3 Check for shear:

Re-bar size (D) = 13 mm
Footing thickness (h) = 250 mm
Concrete cover = 50 mm
Re-bar yield strength (fy) = 390 MPa
Concrete strength (fc') = 24.90 MPa
Width of footing (b) = 1200 mm
Effective depth (d) = 193.5 mm
 One way shear
Vc <= f.(0.17).(fc')^0.5.b.d
f. = 0.6
Critical area = 0.1065 m2
Vu = 6.67 kN
f.Vc = = 118.18 kN OK!

Two way shear

Vc <= f.(0.34).(fc')^0.5.bo.d
bo = 3174 mm
Critical area = 0.81 mm2
Vu = 50.78 kN
f.Vc. = 625.20 kN OK!

2.4 Reinforcement Calculation

Mu = qmax x B x ((B/2 -b/2)/2)^2 = 2.11 kN.m

f = 0.85

Solution of the preceding equation gives

a =
√
d− d 2 −
2 . Mu
φ. 0 . 85 .( f ' c ). (B )

= 0.51 mm
Mu
As = a
φ . fy .( d− )
2

= 33.01 mm2

Percentage of steel
r = As/B.d = 0.000142 --> use min = 0.0018
Asused = 417.96 mm 2
n= 5
5
Use D13 - 200 for bottom and top rebar
2. PILE FOUNDATION ANALYSIS
2.1. SOIL DATA

2. PILE FOUNDATION ANALYSIS

2.1. SOIL DATA

RESULT OF TEST LABORATORIUM (SOIL SAMPLE) SONDIR SPT

Depth Soil c g j qf NSPT
No
z1 (m) z2 (m) Classify (kN/m ) 2
(kN/m ) 3
( ... ▫ ) (kg/cm )2

1 0.00 4.00 Sand 17.00 6.5 21 32.20 9

2 4.00 6.00 Sand 17.00 6.5 21 52.20 11
3 6.00 8.00 Sand 16.00 6.5 22 65.80 11
4 7.00 10.00 Sand 16.00 6.5 22 77.60 13
5 8.00 12.00 Sand 16.00 6.5 22 89.60 13

2.2. MATERIAL DATA

Type of pile Strauss Pile

Diameter of strauss pile D= 0.20 m
Length of pile (below existing soil surface) L= 6.00 m
Total length of strauss pile Ltot = 8.00 m
Characteristic concrete strength, K - 300 f c' = 24.9 MPa
Unit weight of pile material wc = 24 kN/m3

2.3. AXIAL BEARING CAPACITY OF PILE

A. BASED ON MATERIAL STRENGTH

Section area of pile Ab = D2 = 0.0314 m2

Total weight of pile Wp = A * L * w c = 6.03 kN
Concrete strength characteristic f c' = 24900 kPa
Nominal bearing capacity of pile
Pn = 0.30 * fc' * A - 1.2 * Wp = 227 kN
Reduction factor f= 0.70
Bearing capacity of pile f * Pn = 159.21 kN

B. BASED ON CPT (SONDIR) TEST

Qult.1 = Qb + Qs.1 = qcb . Ab + a . fs . As

Qult.2 = Qb + Qs.2 = qcb . Ab + u . 0.067 qcs . As
Q.all = Qb / 3 + Qs / 5
qcb = average qc over distance 2 D below the pile base
qcs = average qc at the pile shaft
fs = average unit sleeve fraction at the pile shaft
a = ratio of unit pile friction to unit sleeve fraction
u = Bjerrum (1972) correction factor
Ab = Area of pile base
As = Area of pile shaft
Qult = Ultimate Foundation Capacity
Qall = Allowable Foundation Capacity

Strauss pile diameter, D = 0.20 m

Ab = 0.031 m2
a = 0.20 (Bjerrum factor correction)
u = 0.70 (Bjerrum factor correction)

Sondir Depth As qcb qcs fs Qb Qs.1 Qs.2 Qall1

No m m2 t/m2 t/m2 t/m2 ton ton ton ton

S-1 6.0 3.77 475 461.7 5.62 14.92 4.24 81.63 5.82
S-2 5.6 3.52 2000 562.1 7.61 62.83 5.36 92.76 22.02
S-3 6.0 3.77 420 438.7 8.41 13.19 6.34 77.57 5.67

From calculation above, at S-2 seems the conus of sondir was encountered a lens or a gravel since at depth 5.6 m
below ground surface the value of conus reach 200 kg/cm2. So for bearing axial capacity from sondir will be taken
from S-1 and S-3.

Qall taken from sondir was determine as average from S-1 and S-3
Qall = 57.44 kN

C. BASED ON NSPT DATA (REESE)

B ujung = 0.2 m
B selimut = 0.2 m
L = 6 m

Wt = 5 kN
FK selimut = 2.5
FK ujung = 2.5

1. SKIN FRICTION CAPACITY

Depth of SPT test H N N Soil Daya Dukung Selimut
from borlog corr Type Cal qu = 10N cu
(m) (m) (kPa) (kPa)
0.00 - 2.00 2.00 12 12 sand yes - -
2.00 - 4.00 2.00 13 13 sand yes - -
4.00 - 6.00 2.00 17 17 sand yes - -
6.00 - 8.00 2.00 14 14 sand yes - -
8.00 - 10.00 2.00 5 12 sand yes - -

a. Friction capacity for cohesionless soil b. Friction capacity for cohesive s

f = a x cu
a = adhesion factor
 a = 0.55 (Reese)
cu = undrained shear strength
cu = 5 NSPT

Qs = fxLxp
f= Unit friction
L= Length of pile
p= Perimeter of pile

2. END BEARING CAPACITY

a. For cohesionless soil, end bearing use correlation as following picture

NSPT at end SPT

Unit end bearing qp
End bearing capacity Qp
Qp

Qp =
qp =
A=

b. For cohesive soil, end bearing can be taken as 9 * cu (undrained shear strength)

NSPT at end SPT = 17

Undrained shear strength cu = 85 kPa
(take su = 5 x NSPT) cu = 0.85 kg/cm²
Ultimate end bearing qp = 7.65 kg/cm²
Allowable end bearing Qp = 2403 kg
Qp = 24.03 kN

From calculation above, Qall of strauss pile based on NSPT can be determined as:
Soil = sand
L = 6 m
Qs = 159.3 kN
Qp = 35.6 kN
Qall = 77.97 kN

2.4. SUMMARY OF PILE AXIAL CAPACITY

No Pile capacity accordance Pallow

1 Based on material strength 159.21
 3 Based on sondir (Bjerrum) 57.44
4 Based on NSPT (Reese) 77.97
Minimum value Pmin = 57.44 kN
Average Axial Pile capacity from field test Pave = 67.71

For design, critical allowable axial pile using : Pmin + 0.25*(Pave - Pmin)
Allowable Axial pile capacity is taken → Pall = 60.01 kN

2.5. LATERAL CAPACITY OF PILE

A. BASED OF MAXIMUM DEFLECTION (BROMS)

Lateral capacity of pile (H) with long or short pile category can be calculated using formula :
H = yo * kh * D / [ 2 * b * ( e * b + 1 ) ]
with b = [ kh * D / ( 4 * Ec * Ic ) ]0.25
D = Dimension of pile (m), D= 0.20
L = Length of pile L= 6.00
kh = Horizontal modulus subgrade (kN/m3), kh = 26720
Ec = Modulus elasticity of pile (kN/m ), 2
Ec = 4700 * Ö fc' * 10 = 23025204
3

Ic = Inertia moment (m4), Ic = p / 64 * D4 = 0.000079

e = Distance between lateral force to ground surface (m), e= 0.20
yo = Maximum deflection (m). yo = 0.006
b = Coefficient of pile deflection b = [ kh * D / ( 4 * Ec * Ic ) ]0.25 = 0.927
b * L = 5.56 > 2.5 long pile category (OK)
Nominal lateral capacity
H = yo * kh * D / [ 2 * b * ( e * b + 1 ) ] = 14.59 kN
Reduction factor f= 0.85
Lateral capacity of pile → f * Hn = 12.40 kN

B. BASED ON MAXIMUM MOMENT (BRINCH HANSEN)

Flexural strength of pile fb = 0.40 * fc' * 103 = 9600 kN/m2

Resisting moment W = Ic / (D/2) = 0.00079 m3
Maximum moment My = f b * W = 7.54 kNm
Soil cohesion along of pile
Dept L1 cu
No cu * L 1
z1 (m) z2 (m) (m) (kN/m2)
1 4.00 6.00 2.0 17.00 34.00
2 6.00 8.00 2.0 16.00 32.00
3 7.00 10.00 3.0 16.00 48.00
4 8.00 9.00 1.0 0.00 0.00
S L1 = 4.0 Scu*L1 = 66.00
Average cohesion ču = S [ cu * L1 ] / S L1 = 16.5 kN/m2
f = Hn / [ 9 * č u * D ] equ.(1)
g = L - ( f + 1.5 * D ) equ.(2)
 My = Hn * ( e + 1.5 * D + 0.5 * f ) equ.(3)
My = 9 / 4 * D * č u * g
2
equ.(4)
From equ.(1) : f = 0.03367 * Hn
From equ.(2) : g = 5.70 -0.03367 * Hn
g2 = 0.00113 * Hn2 -0.3838 * Hn + 32.49
9 / 4 * D * cu = 7.425
From equ.(3) : My = Hn * ( 0.500 0.01684 * Hn )
My = 0.01684 * Hu2 0.50000 * Hn
From equ.(4) : My = 0.00842 * Hu2 -2.8500 * Hn 241.238
quadratic equation : 0 = 0.00842 * Hu 3.3500 * Hn
2
-241.238
From quadratic equation, nominal lateral capacity was ob Hn = 62.269 kN
f= 2.097 m
Mmax = Hn * ( e + 1.5 * D + 0.5 * f ) = 96.410 kNm
Mmax > My → Long pile category (OK)
From equ.(3) : My = Hn * ( 0.500 0.01684 * Hn )
7.54 = 0.01684 * Hn2 0.50000 * Hu
quadratic equation : 0 = 0.01684 * Hn + 0.50000 * Hn
2
-7.54
From quadratic equation, nominal lateral capacity was ob Hn = 11.003 kN
Reduction factor f= 0.85
Lateral Capacity of Pile → f * Hn = 9.35 kN

2.6 SUMMARY FOR LATERAL CAPACITY

No Allowable lateral pile capacity f * Hn

1 Based on maximum deflection (Broms) 12.40
2 Based on maximum moment (Brinch Hansen) 9.35
he smallest value, f * Hn = 9.35 kN
Take lateral capacity of pile, → f * Hn = 9.00 kN
 Qall2 Qall
ton ton

21.30 5.82
39.50 22.02
19.91 5.67

gravel since at depth 5.6 m

y from sondir will be taken

Daya Dukung Selimut

a fskohesif fs non kohesif Qs Sum
(kPa) (kPa) kN Qs
- - 36.23 45.52 2 45.52
- - 39.25 49.32 4 94.84
- - 51.32 64.49 6 159.33
- - 42.26 53.11 8 212.44
- - 36.23 45.52 10 257.97

n capacity for cohesive soil

adhesion factor
0.55 (Reese)
undrained shear strength

Unit friction
Length of pile
Perimeter of pile

: 17
: 11.333 kg/cm²
: 3560 kg
: 36 kN

qp x A
end bearing per area
luas penampang tiang
m
m
kN/m3
kN/m2
m4
m
m
m
2.7 PILE CAP ANALYSIS
PILE CAP MATERIAL
Compressive strength of concrete f c' = 24.90 MPa
Yield stress ( Æ > 12 mm ), fy = 240 MPa
yield stress ( Æ ≤ 12 mm ), fy = 390 MPa
Unit weight of concrete wc = 24 kN/m3
COLUMN AND PILE CAP DIMENSIOIN
Width of column in x-direction bx = 0.60 m
Width of column in y-direction by = 0.60 m
Distance co pile to edge of pad a= 0.55 m
Pad thickness h= 0.40 m
Soil thickness above pad z= 0.60 m
Unit weight of soil above pad ws = 18.00 kN/m3
Pedestal position (in = 40, edge = 30, corner = 20) as = 40

LOADING INPUT
Axial compression Pc = 67.57 kN
Axial Tension Pt = 11.46 kN
Moment, Mx Mux = 0.00 kNm
Momen, My Muy = 0.00 kNm
Lateral x-direction, Hx Hux = 0.00 kN
Lateral y-direction, Hy Huy = 0.00 kN
Allowable axial pile capacity Pall = 60.01 kN
Allowable lateral pila capacity f * Hn = 9.00 kN
PILE CONFIGURATION
Configuration in x-direction Configuration in y-direction
No. Number x n * x2 No. Number y n * y2
n (m) (m2) n (m) (m2)
1 2 1.265 3.20 1 2 0.30 0.18
2 2 -1.265 3.20 2 2 -0.30 0.18

n= 4 S x2 = 6.40 n= 4 S y2 = 0.36
Width of pile cap in x-direction Lx = 3.63 m
Width of pile cap in y-direction Ly = 1.70 m

A. Check Bearing capacity of pile

Weight of soil above pad W s = Lx * Ly * z * w s = 66.65 kN
Weight of pile cap W c = L x * L y * h * wc = 59.24 kN
Total axial load Pu = Pc + Ws + Wc = 218.63 kN
Maximum arm length of pile to co in x-direction xmax = 1.27 m
Minimum arm length of pile to co in x-direction xmin = -1.27 m
Maximum and minimum axial load to the pile
pumax = Pu / n + Mux* xmax / Sx2 = 54.66 kN
pumin = Pu / n + Mux* xmin / Sx = 2
54.66 kN
Condition: pumax ≤ Pall
54.66 < 60.01 → ADEQUATE (OK)

B. Check Sliding / Lateral of Pile

Lateral load to the pile in x-direction hux = Hux / n = 0.00 kN
Lateral load to the pile in y-direction huy = Huy / n = 0.00 kN
Combination in two ways humax = Ö ( hux2 + huy2 ) = 0.00 kN
Condition: humax ≤ f * Hn
0.00 < 9.00 → ADEQUATE (OK)

C. Control of Shear

Distance of reinforcement to outside of concrete edge (cover) d' = 0.100 m

Effective pile cap thickness d = h - d' = 0.30 m
Distance of critical plane cx = Lx / 4 - ( bx - d ) / 2 = 0.758 m
Weight of concrete W 1 = c x * L y * h * wc = 12.362 kN
Weight of soil W 2 = c x * Ly * z * w s = 13.908 kN
Shear in x-direction Vux = pumax - W1 - W2 = 28.39 kN
Width of shear plane in x-direction b = Ly = 1700 mm
Pile cap thickness d= 300 mm
Ratio dimension of column bc = bx / by = 1.00
Pile cap shear in x-direction, take the smallest from equations below:
Vc = [ 1 + 2 / bc ] * √ fc' * b * d / 6 * 10-3 = 1272.447 kN
Vc = [ as * d / b + 2 ] * √ fc' * b * d / 12 * 10 =-3
1921.146 kN
Vc = 1 / 3 * √ fc' * b * d * 10-3 = 848.298 kN
Take ® Vc = 848.298 kN
Reduction factor f = 0.75
Pile cap shear f * Vc = 636.224 kN
Condition:
f * Vc ≥ Vux
636.224 > 28.388 ® ADEQUATE (OK)

2.8. REINFORCEMENT

Distance of edge column to edge of pile cap cx = ( Lx / 2 ) - bx = 1.215 m

Distance of pile to edge of column ex = cx - a = 0.665 m
Weight of concrete W 1 = c x * L y * h * wc = 19.829 kN
Weight of soil W 2 = c x * Ly * z * w s = 22.307 kN
Moment occurred
Mux = 2 * pumax * ex - W1 * cx / 2 - W2 * cx / 2 = 47.097 kNm
Width of pile cap is reviewed b = Ly = 1700 mm
Pile cap thickness h= 300 mm
Distance of reinforcement to outside of concrete edge (cover) d' = 100 mm
Effective pile cap thickness d = h - d' = 200 mm
Compressive strength of concrete f c' = 24.90 MPa
Yield stres fy = 240 MPa
Modulus elasticity of steel Es = 2.00E+05 MPa
Strength distribution factor of concrete b1 = 0.85
rb = b1* 0.85 * fc’/ fy * 600 / ( 600 + fy ) = 0.054
Reduction factor for flexure strength f = 0.80
Rmax = 0.75 * rb * fy * [1-½*0.75* rb * fy / ( 0.85 * fc’ ) ] = 7.443
Mn = Mux / f = 58.871 kNm
Rn = Mn * 10 / ( b * d ) =
6 2
0.866
Rn < Rmax ® (OK)
Reinforcement ratio required
r = 0.85 * fc’ / fy * [ 1 - Ö {1 – 2 * Rn / ( 0.85 * fc’ ) } ] = 0.0037
Minimum reinforcement ratio rmin = 0.0025
Use reinforcement ratio ® r = 0.0037
Reinforcement area required As = r * b * d = 1252.65 mm2
Reinforcement diameter D 13 mm
Distance between reinforcement (coc) s = p / 4 * D * b / As =
2
180 mm
Maximum reinforcement distance smax = 200 mm
Reinforcement distance use ® s= 180 mm
Use reinforcement D 13 - 180
Reinforcement area applied As = p / 4 * D2 * b / s = 1253.58 mm2

2.9. SHRINKAGE REINFORCEMENT

Minimum shrinkage reinforcement ratio rsmin = 0.0014
Shrinkage reinforcement area As = rsmin* b * d = 476 mm2
Reinforcement diameter use, Æ 12 mm
Distance between reinforcement (coc) s = p / 4 * Æ2 * b / As = 404 mm
Maximum reinforcement distance smax = 200 mm
Shrinkage reinforcement distance use ® s= 200 mm
Use shrinkage reinforcement Æ 12 - 200
2.10 PILE SETTLEMENT ANALYSIS
Settlement of pile can be given as following formula:

where:
q = so = Vertical stress applied by the deep foundation at a depth of (2/3)L
L= Length of pile
P= Total concentric compression vertical load on the pile cap
n= Number of pile
Qall = Allowable capacity of pile
B= Width of pile cap
A= Length of pile cap

By definitioin above, the vertical stress that occurred is:

P = 21863 kg
2/3.L = #REF! m

To calculate settlement at sand soil, the Sanglerat's method can be use as foloowing:

S = S H x mv x so

Where;
S = Total settlement (m)
H = Layer thickness (m)
mv = cofficient of volume compressibility ( m2/ton )
= 1 / ( a x qc ) ( cm2/kg )
a = 2 (for sand soil)

2. Total settlement
According to Begemann, density sand soil can be devided by the value of qonus resistance as following:
qc (kg/cm2) soil density
< 20 Very loose
20 - 45 Loose
 45 - 100 Medium
100 - 200 Dense
> 200 Very dense

The depth for settlement analysis using CPT correlation was determine using value of qonus resistance and by
engineering judgement. Layout and result for each CPT test was given in attachment.

S-1
No. Depth H a qc B' x L' mv DP S
( cm ) ( cm ) ( kg/cm2) ( cm2 ) cm /kg
2
( kg/cm2 ) ( cm )
1 0 - 100 100.00 2.00 35.00 90860.00 0.01429 0.241 0.344
2 100 - 500 400.00 2.00 47.14 311610.00 0.01061 0.070 0.298
3 500 - 1000 500.00 2.00 58.12 1023960.00 0.01429 0.021 0.153
4 1000 - 1500 500.00 2.00 55.23 2290460.00 0.01061 0.010 0.051
5 1500 - 2000 500.00 2.00 68.58 4056960.00 0.00860 0.005 0.023
Total 0.868

S-2
No. Depth H a qc B' x L' mv DP S
( cm ) ( cm ) ( kg/cm2) ( cm2 ) cm /kg
2
( kg/cm2 ) ( cm )
1 0 - 500 500.00 2.00 85.31 257460.00 0.00586 0.085 0.249
2 500 - 560 60.00 2.00 113.45 625100.00 0.00441 0.035 0.009
Total 0.258

S-3
No. Depth H a qc B' x L' mv DP S
( cm ) ( cm ) ( kg/cm2) ( cm2 ) cm /kg
2
( kg/cm2 ) ( cm )
1 0 - 500 500.00 2.00 46.00 257460.00 0.01087 0.085 0.462
2 500 - 700 200.00 2.00 44.47 741510.00 0.01124 0.029 0.066
3 700 - 1000 300.00 2.00 37.80 1237260.00 0.01323 0.018 0.070
4 1000 - 1360 360.00 2.00 57.06 2083050.00 0.00876 0.010 0.033
Total 0.631

Settlement maximum is 8.677 mm < 25.4 mm OK

2. PEDESTAL COLUMN
Column reinforcement design with four sides

2.1 Pedestal dimension

f'c = 24.90 MPa Concrete strength
fy = 240 MPa Steel yield strength
Ey = 2.00E+05 MPa Steel elasticity
Dcol = 600.00 mm Column width
d = 520.00 mm Effective height
d' = 80.00 mm concrete cover
h1 = 200.00 mm Height pedestal above soil
h2 = 950.00 mm Soil thickness above pad
b = 1200.00 mm Width of pad
t1 = t 2 = 250.00 mm Thickness of pad
Dbar = 13.00 mm Bar diameter
neff. = 20.00 nos Bar numbers
Ag = 360000.00 mm2 Column Section area
Ast = 2653.30 mm2 total bar area
A's = 1326.65 mm2 bar area in compress
As = 1326.65 mm2 bar area in tension
f = 0.50 Reduction factor for compress (seismic case)

Pedestal section
 Hr = 0.00 kg
Pc = C ( Compression )
= 6756.50 kg
67.57 kN

Æ = 25.00 o

gsoil = 1700.00 kg/m3

Kp = tan2( 45 + Æ / 2 )
= 2.46

Pp = 1/2 x g x h2 x Dcol x Kp
= 451.36 kg

Pp netto = 50 % x Pp
= 225.68 kg

Pt = T ( Tension )
= 675.65 kg
= 6.76 kN

Mx = 0.00 kN.m

M column = M + Hr x (h1+h2 ) - Pp netto x 1/3 h2

= -71.47 kg.m
= -0.71 kNm

2.2 Moment and Compress combination

Pcc = 0,80 f ( 0,85 f'c ( Ag - Ast )) Compress column capacity

= 3025.30 kN > Pc ( O.K )

= 0.003
e'c = fy/Ey
e'y = 0.0012
Assume :
Compression steel has yet yield
Tension steel has yet yield
Ta = As x f s
Ta = As x Ey x e'c ( d - c ) / c

Cc = 0,85 x f'c x 0,85 x c x Dcol

C's = A's x f's

= A's x Ey x ec ( c - d' ) / c

S Horizontal = 0
0 = Pc + Ta - Cc - C's
0 = Pc + As x Ey x ec ( d - c ) / d - 0,85 x f'c x b x c x Dcol - A's x ( c - d' ) / c Pc Ta
### 1754.19
By trial and error to get c value until sigma horizontal = 0
c = 162.31 mm
S Horizontal = -334

Check assumption
e's = e'c ( c - d' ) / c
= 0.0022820 > ey assumption ( O.K )

es = e'c ( d - c ) / c
0.0066113 > ey assumption ( O.K )

Ta = As x f y
= 318.40 kN

Cc = 0,85 x f'c x 0,85 x c x Dcol

= 1751.98 kN

C's = As x f y
= 318.40 kN

zcc = 1/2 x (Dcol - b x c)

= 231.02 mm
zc 's = 1/2 x Dcol - d'
= 220.00 mm
zT = 1/2 x Dcol - d'
= 220.00 mm

Mc = -Mcol + Ta x zT + Cc x zcc + Cs x zc's

= 545.55 kNm > M column ( O.K )
2.3 Moment and Tension combination

Ptc = Ast fy
= 636.79 kN < Pt ( O.K )

e'c = 0.003
e'y = fy/Ey
= 0.0012
Assume :
Compression steel has yet yield
Tension steel has yet yield
Ta = As x f s
Ta = A s x Ey x e'c ( d - c ) / c

Cc = 0,85 x f'c x 0,85 x c x Dcol

C's = A's x f's

= A's x Ey x e'c ( c - d' ) / c

S Horizontal = 0
0 = -Pt + Ta - Cc - C's Pt Ta
0 = -Pt + As x Ey x ec ( d - c ) / d - 0,85 x f'c x b x c x Dcol - A's x ( c - d' ) / c ### 1756.25

By trial and error to get c value until sigma horizontal = 0

c = 162.18 mm
S Horizontal = -404

Check assumption
e's = e'c ( c - d' ) / c
= 0.0022802 > ey assumption ( O.K )

es = e'c ( d - c ) / c
0.0066191 > ey assumption ( O.K )

Ta = As x f y
= 318.40 kN

Cc = 0,85 x f'c x 0,85 x c x Dcol

= 1750.56 kN

C's = As x f y
= 318.40 kN
zcc = 1/2 x (Dcol - b x c)
= 231.07 mm

zc 's = 1/2 x Dcol - d'

= 220.00 mm

zT = 1/2 x Dcol - d'

= 220.00 mm

Mc = -Mcol + Ta x zT + Cc x zcc + Cs x zc's

= 544.60 kNm > M column ( O.K )
3. ANCHORE CALCULATION

Material using :
- Anchore type using M22
- Steel ST-41 and compressive strength of concrete, fc = 25 Mpa
fy = 2400.00 kg/cm2 Allowable Yield strength
fc = 25.00 Mpa Compressive strength of cncrete
Ft allow = 1600.00 kg/cm2 Allowable tension strength
Fs allow = 928.00 kg/cm 2
Allowable shear strength
- Æn = 24.00 mm Nominal diameter
- Æk = 18.00 mm Kern diameter
- A = 600.00 mm Total length
- B = 150.00 mm
- L re = 450.00 mm Inside length as resist
- C = 150.00 mm Hook length
- N = 4.00 nos. HDB numbers
- An = 4.52 cm2 Nominal section area per HDB
- Ak = 2.54 cm 2
Kern section area per HDB

3.1 Material Strength Check

A. Shear check
t = H/(NxAk)
= 0.00 kg/cm2
t < Fs allow …. (OK)
SF of shear = Fs allow / t = #DIV/0!

B. Tension check
s = T/(NxAk)
= 66.41 kg/cm2
s < Ft allow …. (OK)
SF of tension = Ft allow / s = 24.09
3.2 Distribution Length Check
A. Strength contribution from hook anchor
t all hook = 0,75 x Fs allow
= 696.00 kg/cm2
F CV = 0,53 x (f'c)0,5 Adhesive of HDB to concrete per cm2
= 8.36 kg/cm2

Phook 1 = An x t all hook

= 3147.03 kg capacity of one anchor resist by anchor

Phook 2 = C x Lre x F cv
= 5645.20 kg capacity of one anchor resist by concrete

Take capacity anchor resist by concrete

B. Check Distribution lenght of anchor

L need = T / ( N x ( 3,14 x Æ n + C )) x F CV )
= 0.90 cm
L need < L re …. (OK)

Resume :
Length of inside HDB in concrete ( Lre = 450 mm )
4. DRAWING

600 mm 600 mm

200 mm

950 mm

Pad 250 mm

CROSS SECTION LA - FOUNDATION

1,200 mm

1200 mm

PLAN SECTION LA - FOUNDATION

 80 mm

D10 - 150

20 D 13

D10 - 200 D13 - 200

80 mm

100 mm
50 mm

min 130 mm

STRAUSS PILE REINFORCEMENT

Shear reinforcement

D8 - 150
Longitudinal reinforcement

6 D12