MINI INVERTER ( 12V TO 220V )

PRESENTED BY:
NITISH KUMAR
SURAJ KUMAR
ANKIT KUMAR
ANAND KUMAR
KHUSHBU KUMARI
KUMARI ANUPAM RAJ

GUIDEDBY: PROF ANAND SIR

2. OBJECTIVE

To convert a 12V DC power supply into a 240V AC output using a

transformer to step up the power to upto 1KW
3. MINI INVERTER

It is a dc-to-ac power inverters which aim to efficiently transform a DC

power source into a high-voltage AC source similar to the power that
would be available at an electrical wall outlet.

• Inverters are used for many applications, s

• s in situations where low-voltage DC sources such as batteries, solar
panels, or fuel cells must be converted so that devices can run off of AC
power. One example of such a situation would be converting electrical
power from a car battery to run a laptop, TV, or cell phone.
4. WORKING PROCESS

1. The 100-watt inverter circuit uses a CD 4047 IC as an astable

multivibrator to generate two 180-degree out-of-phase 100 HZ pulse
trains
2. . 2.The pulse trains are pre-amplified by two TIP122 transistors. 3.The
pre-amplified signals are further amplified by four 2n3055 transistors,
with two transistors used for each half cycle
3. The pre-amplified signals are further amplified by four 2n3055
transistors, with two transistors used for each half cycle.
4. 4.The amplified signals are used to drive an inverter transformer,
producing a 220v ac output at the transformer's secondary.
5. BLOCK DIAGRAM FOR INVERTER
6. CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
7. COMPONENTS
• CD4047BC
•BATTERY 12V
• TRANSISTOR 1) TIP 122 2) TIP 3055
• PLUG5A
• SWITCH MCB
• TRANSFORMER(STEPUP)
• RESISTOR
• DIODE
• VARIABLEPORT(250K)
• CAPACITOR FUSE(10A)
• WIRES
• CMOS PLASTIC PACKAGE DIODE
• HEATSINK
8. COMPONENT DISCRIPTION
•CD4047BC

• The CD4047B IC can operate in mono-stable or a-stable

modes.
• In mono-stable mode, an external capacitor and resistor are
used to control the output pulse width.
• In a-stable mode, the output frequency is determined by the
external timing components.
• A-stable operation is enabled by a high level on the a-
stable input or a low level on the mono-stable input.
• The Q and Q outputs provide a frequency determined
by the timing components, while the oscillator output
offers double the frequency of Q with an unspecified duty
cycle.
FEATURES

• Wide supply voltage range 3.0V to15V

• High noise immunity 0.45VDD(typ.)

Monostable multivibrator features

• Positive or negative edgetrigger.
• Output pulse width independent of trigger pulseduration.

• Retrigger able option for pulse widthexpansion.

• Long pulse widths possible using small RC components by means of external

counterprovision.
• Fast recovery time essentially independent of pulsewidth.

• Pulse width accuracy maintained at duty cycles

approaching100%
Astablemultivibrator features
• Free-running or gettable operatingmodes
• 50% dutycycles
• Oscillator outputavailabl
• Good astable frequency stabilitytypica=±2%+0.03%/ºc@100khz

• Frequency=±0.5%+0.0015%/ ºC@10khzVDD

• Deviation (circuits trimmed tofrequency

Applications
• Frequencydiscriminators

• Timingcircuits

• Time-delayapplications

• Envelopedetection

• Frequencymultiplication

• Frequency
PLUG SOCKET

• The ring circuit system, also known as "ring main," is

used to provide a single-phase electrical supply for
running single-phase motors.
• In a ring circuit, instead of individually wiring each
socket, a cable is brought from the distribution board
and connected in sequence to multiple sockets before
returning to the distribution board and being connected
to the same fuse or circuit breaker.
• This setup results in significant copper savings in the
wiring of the circuit.
• The fuse or circuit breaker used in the distribution
board must be rated for the maximum current that the
ring can carry, typically 30A or 32A for a breaker.
• To ensure safety and proper operation, the plugs used
to connect the
MCB(MINIATURE CIRCUIT BREAKER) •

• Their primary function is to detect fault conditions and

immediately interrupt the continuity of electrical flow.
• Circuit breakers are electrical switches that automatically
protect circuits from damage caused by overload or short
circuit.
• Unlike fuses, which need to be replaced after operation,
circuit breakers can be manually or automatically reset to
restore normal operations.
• Circuit breakers come in various sizes, ranging from small
devices that protect individual household appliances to
large switchgear used to safeguard high voltage circuits
supplying entire cities.
• They play a crucial role in ensuring electrical safety by
preventing excessive current from flowing through a circuit,
thus preventing overheating, fire hazards, and damage to
equipment.
•BATTERY 12V

• The nverter circuit is powered by a 12V rechargeable

battery.
• The power input to the circuit is controlled by a relay
that connects the battery supply to the control circuit.
• A transistor (TR3) and a light-emitting diode (LED)
are used to indicate whether power is being supplied
from the rechargeable battery through the circuit or
not.
• If power is passing through the circuit, a 5.1-volt
zener diode activates transistor CRR3, allowing current
to flow and turning on the LED.
• The LED serves as a visual indicator to show that the
power from the rechargeable battery is being
successfully transmitted through the circuit.
•CMOS TRANSISTOR

•TIP122

• Medium power linear switching applications

• Complementary toTIP125/126/127
•TIP 3055/2N3055

•the 2N3055 transistor is a silicon NPN power

transistor designed for general- purpose
applications.
• RCA introduced the 2N3055 in the early 1960s,
utilizing their "hometaxial" power transistor
process.
• As one of the pioneering silicon power
transistors, the 2N3055 was known for its
exceptional immunity to second breakdown.
• The transistor found extensive use in various
applications, with a notable presence in audio
power amplifiers and linear power supplies.
• Its superior characteristics, including reliability
and performance, made it a popular choice for
amplification and power distribution in
electronic circuits.
•TRANSFORMER

• The inverter in this design was intended to provide

power for residential or small business sites.
• The power source for the inverter can be a standalone
system such as a fuel cell, micro turbine, or solar cells.
• To align with standard practices for home grid
connection, the inverter produces a single-phase three-
wire output.
• In a typical utility system, the high voltage from the
three-phase power available at the utility pole is
transformed down to 120/240V using a center-tapped
transformer.
• The inverter's purpose is to replicate this voltage
conversion process, allowing it to provide a compatible
power output for home connection.
• This configuration enables safe and efficient power
distribution in residential systems, accommodating the
electrical needs of homes and small businesses.
Resistor
A resistor is a passive two-terminal electrical
component that implements electrical resistance as a
circuit element. In electronic circuits, resistors are used to
reduce current flow, adjust signal levels, to divide
voltages, bias active elements, and
terminate transmission lines, among other uses. High-
power resistors that can dissipate many watts of electrical
power as heat may be used as part of motor controls, in
power distribution systems, or as test loads
for generators. Fixed resistors have resistances that only
change slightly with temperature, time or operating
voltage. Variable resistors can be used to adjust circuit
elements (such as a volume control or a lamp dimmer), or
as sensing devices for heat, light, humidity, force, or
chemical activity.
 Diode
A diode is defined as a two-terminal electronic
component that only conducts current in one
direction (so long as it is operated within a specified
voltage level). An ideal diode will have
zero resistance in one direction, and infinite
resistance in the reverse direction.
Fuse
Introduction

•An electrical fuse is a safety device that operates

to provide protection against the overflow of
current in an electrical circuit.
•An important component of an electrical fuse is a
metal wire or strip that melts when excess current
flows through it.
•It helps to protect the device by stopping or
interrupting the current.
•In this article, let us know in detail about the
Working Principle of the electrical fuse and its
functions and types.
Heat sink

A heat sink (also commonly spelled heatsink,[1]) is a

passive heat exchanger that transfers the heat generated
by an electronic or a mechanical device to a fluid medium,
often air or a liquid coolant, where it is dissipated away
from the device, thereby allowing regulation of the
device's temperature. In computers, heat sinks are
used to cool CPUs, GPUs, and some chipsets and RAM
modules. Heat sinks are used with other high-
power semiconductor devices such as power
transistors and optoelectronics such as lasers and light-
emitting diodes (LEDs), where the heat dissipation ability
of the component itself is insufficient to moderate its
temperature.
APPLICATIONS

• This circuit can be used in cars and other vehicles to charge small batteries
• This circuit can be used to drive low power AC motor
• It can be used in solar power system
THANK YOU