Chapter 3 Mauzua’ati Mutala

A. Tawheed

Slo: 3.1.1 State the literal meaning and Terminological meaning of word Aqeedah.
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Ans: Literal Meaning: The word Aqeedah comes from the Arabic root "‫"عقد‬ (aqada), which
means to tie, knot, or firmly bind something. Literally, it means "something firmly tied" or "a
strong belief."
Terminological: In Islamic terminology, Aqeedah refers to the firm and unshakeable beliefs of a
Muslim about Allah, His Prophets, His Books, angels, the Day of Judgment, and destiny. It is the
foundation of faith and includes everything a Muslim must believe in.

Slo: 3.1.2 Define Tauheed as a word and as a term.

َ َ
Ans: Literal Meaning: The word Tawhid comes from the Arabic root "‫"و َحد‬ (wahhada), which
means "to make something one" or "to unify." Literally, it means "oneness."
Terminological: In Islamic terms, Tawhid refers to the belief in the oneness of Allah. It means
that Allah is the only Creator, Sustainer, and the one worthy of worship. It also means believing
that Allah has no partners, equals, or rivals in His attributes and actions. Tawhid is the
foundation of Islam and the most important belief in the religion.

Slo: 3.1.3 Explain the concept of Tawheed in the light of Holy Quran.
Ans: The concept of Tauheed, or the oneness of Allah, is a central concept in both the Holy
Quran and Hadith. Here are some ways in which the concept of Tauheed is emphasized in both
sources:
Tauheed in the Quran: The Quran affirms the oneness of Allah as the foundation of the Islamic
faith, and as the key to attaining success in both this life and the hereafter. The Quran
emphasizes that Allah is one, unique, and without any partners or equals. As Allah says in
Surah al-Ikhlas
Say He is Allah the One
Allah the Eternal Absolute (Does not require any thing)
He Begets not, Nor is He begotten
There is none like to Him.

Tauheed in the Hadith: In Hadith-e-Jibreel, the Angel Gabriel asked the Prophet about the
fundamentals of Islam, and the Prophet emphasized the declaration of faith, "There is no god
but Allah," as the core of Tawheed. Above verse of Holy Quran and Hadith clearly tells us that
Tauheed is the first and foremost belief of Islam. A person cannot enter in Islam until he
confesses the belief of Tauheed, he confesses the worship of Allah and rejects the worship of
anything other than Him.
Slo: 3.1.4 Justify the attributes of Allah tala (Qudrat, ilm, samaa, basar, kalam, mashiyat,
rahman, raziq, khaliq, qaabidh, basit, aalimul ghaib) through rational and logical argument.
Ans: The attributes of Allah are unique and perfect, reflecting His greatness and role as the
Creator and Sustainer of the universe. Here is a rational and logical explanation of each
attribute:
1. Qudrat (Power):
Allah has complete power over everything. The existence and functioning of the
universe, from the tiniest atom to the vast galaxies, prove the need for a supreme
power. No one but Allah can control and sustain this vast creation.
Example: The laws of nature, like gravity, show an intelligent power governing
everything.

2. Ilm (Knowledge):
Allah knows everything, past, present, and future. Human discoveries, such as DNA,
show the detailed design in creation, which only an all-knowing Creator could plan.
Example: The complexity of life and the balance of ecosystems reflect Allah’s infinite
knowledge.

3. Samaa (Hearing):
Allah hears everything, even our silent prayers and whispers. While humans have limited
hearing, Allah’s hearing is perfect and unrestricted by distance or sound barriers.
Example: The existence of communication between creatures, like birds or animals,
shows Allah gave them the ability, and He hears all sounds.

4. Basar (Seeing):
Allah sees everything, visible or hidden. While humans need tools like telescopes or
microscopes to see beyond their limits, Allah sees all without limitations.
Example: The growth of a seed in the darkness of the soil proves a Creator who observes
and nurtures everything.

5. Kalam (Speech):
Allah communicates with His creation through revelation. The Quran, as Allah’s word, is
a miracle of guidance and eloquence, unmatched in its depth and wisdom.
Example: No human or jinn has been able to produce anything like the Quran, proving
its divine origin.

6. Mashiyat (Will):
Allah’s will governs everything in the universe. Nothing happens without His permission.
This explains the perfect order and harmony in nature.
Example: Day and night follow a consistent pattern, reflecting Allah’s will controlling
time and space.

7. Rahman (Merciful):
Allah’s mercy is evident in the blessings He provides to all creatures, regardless of their
faith. He gives life, sustains it, and forgives sins.
Example: Rain nourishes the earth, and air sustains life for everyone, showing His mercy.

8. Raziq (Provider):
Allah provides sustenance to all His creatures. From the tiniest insect to humans,
everyone’s needs are met by His provision.
Example: Even in barren lands, animals and plants find sustenance, proving Allah’s role
as the Provider.

9. Khaliq (Creator):
Allah created everything from nothing. The intricate design of the universe proves the
need for a Creator.
Example: The human body’s complexity, like the functioning of the brain and heart,
shows a Creator’s wisdom.

10. Qaabidh (Withholder) & Basit (Expander):

Allah withholds or expands resources according to His wisdom. Sometimes people face
challenges, and other times they experience abundance.
Example: Rainfall is sometimes withheld in droughts and given abundantly during
harvest seasons, reflecting Allah’s control.

11. Aalimul Ghaib (Knower of the Unseen):

Allah knows everything that is hidden, including our thoughts and the future. Humans
can only predict or guess based on limited knowledge, but Allah’s knowledge is
complete.
Example: Scientists study and discover the hidden aspects of nature, but Allah already
knows all, as He created it.