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The document is a tutorial on electrical transformers, covering calculations related to a specific 1-phase transformer, including equivalent circuits, no-load current, losses, and voltage regulation. It also discusses base values for a different transformer, per-unit calculations, and the operation of transformers in parallel. Additionally, it includes scenarios for auto-transformers and load sharing between transformers.

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godofdevil190
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2 views

tutorial 4 new

The document is a tutorial on electrical transformers, covering calculations related to a specific 1-phase transformer, including equivalent circuits, no-load current, losses, and voltage regulation. It also discusses base values for a different transformer, per-unit calculations, and the operation of transformers in parallel. Additionally, it includes scenarios for auto-transformers and load sharing between transformers.

Uploaded by

godofdevil190
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Electrical Machines – I

Transformer: Tutorial – 4

1. A 1ϕ, 250 kVA, 11 kV/2.2 kV, 60 Hz transformer has the following parameters.RHV =
1.3 Ω XHV = 4.5 Ω
RLV = 0.05 Ω XLV = 0.16 Ω
RC(LV) = 2.4 k Ω XM(LV) = 0.8 k
Ω
a) Draw the approximate equivalent circuit (i.e., magnetizing branch, with RC and XM
connected to the supply terminals) referred to the HV side and show the parametervalues.
b) Determine the no-load current in amperes (HV side) as well as in per unit.
c) If the low-voltage winding terminals are shorted, determine
(i) The supply voltage required to pass rated current through the shortedwinding.
(ii) The losses in the transformer.
d) The HV winding of the transformer is connected to the 11 kV supply and a load, ZL
= 15 < -90° Ω is connected to the low-voltage winding. Determine:
(i) Load voltage.
(ii) Voltage regulation
2. The exciting current of a 1ϕ, 10 kVA, 2200/220 V, 60 Hz transformer is 0.25 A when measured
on the high-voltage side. Its equivalent impedance is 10.4 + j 31.3 Ω when referred to the high-
voltage side. Taking the transformer rating as base,
a) Determine the base values of voltages, currents, and impedances for both high-voltage
and low-voltage sides.
b) Express the exciting current in per-unit form for both high-voltage and low-voltagesides.
c) Obtain the equivalent circuit in per-unit form.
d) Find the full-load copper loss in per-unit form.
e) Determine the per-unit voltage regulation (using the per-unit equivalent circuit frompart c)
when the transformer delivers 75% full load at 0.6 lagging power factor.
3. A two-winding transformer is rated at 2400/240 V, 50-kVA. It is re-connected as a step-upauto-
transformer, with 2400 V input. Calculate the rating of the auto-transformer and the inductively
and conductively transferred powers while delivering the rated output at the unity power factor.
[ Ans: 550 kVA, 50 kW, 500 kW]
4. Two 100-kW single-phase transformers are connected in parallel both on the primary and
secondary. One transformer has an ohmic drop of 0.5 % at full load and an inductive dropof 8
% at full-load current. The other one has an ohmic drop of 0.75 % and an inductive drop of 4
%.
(a) Show how will they share a load of 180 kW at 0.9 power factor.
(b) Calculate the current supplied by each transformer for a load of 1000 A at 0.9 lagging power
factor.
[ Ans: (a) 57.9 kW, 121.5 kW; (b) 665 <−23.69 A, 338.47<−30.7 A

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