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7 - Phylogenetics

The document outlines a general biology lesson focused on phylogenetic trees and evolutionary relationships among organisms. It includes activities for students to engage with concepts such as the structure of phylogenetic trees, the importance of classifying organisms, and how to analyze evolutionary relationships. The lesson emphasizes group cooperation and critical thinking through various activities and reflections.

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ewanewan.1234567888
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12 views55 pages

7 - Phylogenetics

The document outlines a general biology lesson focused on phylogenetic trees and evolutionary relationships among organisms. It includes activities for students to engage with concepts such as the structure of phylogenetic trees, the importance of classifying organisms, and how to analyze evolutionary relationships. The lesson emphasizes group cooperation and critical thinking through various activities and reflections.

Uploaded by

ewanewan.1234567888
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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GENERAL

BIOLOGY 2
Prayer and
Checking of attendance
HOW ARE YOU DOING TODAY?
Activity 1: Let’s Gather
➢Why are Filipinos
fond of holding
reunions especially
during the holidays?

➢What have you


discovered during
these gatherings?
How is the family
tree related to the
topic yesterday?
Cladogram
➢evolutionary
tree that shows
the ancestral
relationships
among organisms
1.Identify the parts of
phylogenetic tree
AT THE END OF
2.Analyze a phylogenetic
THE SESSION,
YOU ARE tree and the evolutionary
EXPECTED TO: relationship of organisms
3.Value the importance of
classifying organisms
Evolutionary
Relationships:
Phylogenetic
Tree
ACTIVITY 2: WHAT WE KNOW
Choose the
best answer for
each question.
1. The Greek word genesis
from the word phylogeny
means _______.
A. branch
B. origin
C. tribe
PHYLOGENY
“ Phylon” “ Genesis”
- tribe - origin
- clan
2. A diagram that trace
evolutionary relationships and
connections among organisms.
A. family tree
B. lineages tree
C. phylogenetic tree
Phylogenetic
tree can be
read like a
map of
evolutionary
history.
3. Lineage that evolved early
from the root and remain
unbranched
A. basal taxon
B. branch point
C. sister taxa
4. Indicates that an ancestral
lineage gave rise to all
organisms on the tree
A. branch point
B. root
C. sister taxa
5. Based on the given
phylogenetic tree,
B and C are:
A. node
B. polytomy
C. sister taxa
Aghamazing
PHYLOGENETIC
TREE
STRUCTURE OF PHYLOGENETIC TREE
Root Branch Point
- Indicates that an - Node / point where
split occurs
ancestral lineage
gave rise to all - Represents a place
organisms on the tree where one species
branches off from
another
STRUCTURE OF PHYLOGENETIC TREE
Basal taxon
-Lineage that Sister taxa
evolved early - Point of two Polytomy
from the root lineages stem - Branch with
and remain from the same more than 2
unbranched branch lineages
Which is more
likely closely
related
B and C or
A and E?
ACTIVITY 3: A GUESS
Answer briefly the following questions using 3-4
sentences. Your output will be graded according to
content (7 points) and grammar and spelling
(3 points).
ACTIVITY 3: A GUESS
A phylogenetic tree is a diagram that represents
evolutionary relationships among organisms.

Phylogenetic trees are hypotheses, not definitive


facts.
1.Based on what you have studied, what is the
definition of hypothesis?
2. Scientists are
gathering evidences to
help classify living
organisms and show
evolutionary relationship.
What are their bases for
building phylogenetic
trees?
- educated guess or prediction
about the relationship between
two variables

-a tentative explanation or
statement that can be proven
wrong

–guide experiments and empirical


research
Evolutionary relationships
display common ancestry for
populations and species using
several pieces of evidence.
This can be in the form of
morphological or molecular
phylogeny.
Paleontologist
studying
fossils
Phylogenetic tree provides a
visual output of relationships
based on shared or divergent
physical and genetic
characteristics.
PRIMATE EVOLUTIONARY TREE
ANIMATION

Source:
https://www.yout.com/watch?v=RatWqCeOC3E&si=I8SD5pD15
oShlmpd&fbclid=IwAR1nuuMN3hJTaFZETMVs4uso-
5HQDA688R4zT7e4xMklfoLrD6qlhEqST2M
As a group, analyze the
phylogenetic tree and
answer the questions.
ACTIVITY 4:
LET’S ANALYZE You are also tasked to
give 2 conclusions based
on the relationship of the
organisms.
RULES IN GROUP ACTIVITY
C- ooperate
E- ncourage
members to speak
L- isten attentively
L- earn together
RUBRICS
Content/Information The information/concepts are
(60 pts) correct.
Presentation (20 pts) The information/concepts are
well presented
Cooperation (10 pts) Every member is participating/
contributing to the task.
Timeliness (10 pts) The output was accomplished on
time.
PHYLOGENETIC TREE
Ursidae
Family
I am a Sun
I am a
Bear
Brown bear
I am a I am a Giant Hello , I am
Spectacled Panda Lesser Panda
bear (Red panda)
1.Brown bear is
more genetically
similar to Giant
panda than to
Sun bear.
True or False?
2. Lesser panda
is more
genetically
similar to ____
than to Sun
bear.
3. Giant panda is
more genetically
similar to Lesser
panda than to
Brown bear.
True or False?
GROUP PRESENTATION
Activity 5:

Write Fact if the statement is


correct, otherwise write Bluff
on the paper.
1. Fossils were grouped
by scientists and used
as evidence for
classification of living
things.
2. A phylogenetic
tree can be read
like a map of
evolutionary
history.
3. The lineage that
evolved early from
the root and
remains
unbranched is
called sister taxa.
4. Among the
gathered evidences,
fossils are considered
as the strongest
evidence of change.
5. The root is the
oldest part of the
phylogenetic
tree.
Activity 6: My
Reflection

Reflect on concepts that you


have learned about
classification of living things
and their applications.
Share your answer with a
partner.

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