  Introduction t… v7.

02

 / ICMP / Module Practice and Quiz

Module Practice and

Quiz

13.3.1

Packet Tracer - Use ICMP 

to Test and Correct

Network Connectivity

In this lab you will use ICMP to test network

connectivity and locate network problems. You will
also correct simple conguration issues and
restore connectivity to the network.

Use ICMP to locate connectivity issues.

Congure network devices to correct connectivity

issues.

 Use ICMP to T…

 Use ICMP to T…

13.3.2

Lab - Use Ping and 

Traceroute to Test Network

Connectivity

Skills Practice Opportunity

You have the opportunity to practice the following

skills:

Part 1: Build and Congure the Network

Part 2: Use Ping Command for Basic Network
Testing
Part 3: Use Tracert and Traceroute Commands
for Basic Network Testing
Part 4: Troubleshoot the Topology

You can practice these skills using the Packet

Tracer or lab equipment, if available.

Packet Tracer - Physical Mode (PTPM)

 Use Ping and …

 Use Ping and …

Lab Equipment

 Use Ping and …

13.3.3

What did I learn in this 

module?

ICMP Messages

The TCP/IP suite provides for error messages and

informational messages when communicating with
another IP device. These messages are sent using
ICMP. The purpose of these messages is to
provide feedback about issues related to the
processing of IP packets under certain conditions.
The ICMP messages common to both ICMPv4 and
ICMPv6 are: Host reachability, Destination or
Service Unreachable, and Time exceeded. An
ICMP Echo Message tests the reachability of a
host on an IP network. The local host sends an
ICMP Echo Request to a host. If the host is
available, the destination host responds with an
Echo Reply. This is the basis of the ping utility.
When a host or gateway receives a packet that it
cannot deliver, it can use an ICMP Destination
Unreachable message to notify the source. The
message will include a code that indicates why the
packet could not be delivered. An ICMPv4 Time
Exceeded message is used by a router to indicate
that a packet cannot be forwarded because the
Time to Live (TTL) eld of the packet was
decremented to zero. If a router receives a packet
and decrements the TTL eld to zero, it discards
the packet and sends a Time Exceeded message
to the source host. ICMPv6 also sends a Time
Exceeded in this situation. ICMPv6 uses the IPv6
hop limit eld to determine if the packet has
expired. Time Exceeded messages are used by
the traceroute tool. The messages between an
IPv6 router and an IPv6 device including dynamic
address allocation include RS and RA. The
messages between IPv6 devices include the
redirect (similar to IPv4), NS and NA.

Ping and Traceroute Testing

Ping (used by IPv4 and IPv6) uses ICMP echo

request and echo reply messages to test
connectivity between hosts. To test connectivity to
another host on a network, an echo request is sent
to the host address using the ping command. If the
host at the specied address receives the echo
request, it responds with an echo reply. As each
echo reply is received, ping provides feedback on
the time between when the request was sent and
when the reply was received. After all the requests
are sent, the ping utility provides a summary that
includes the success rate and average round-trip
time to the destination. Ping can be used to test
the internal conguration of IPv4 or IPv6 on the
local host. Ping the local loopback address of
127.0.0.1 for IPv4 (::1 for IPv6). Use ping to test
the ability of a host to communicate on the local
network, by pinging the IP address of the default
gateway of the host. A successful ping to the
default gateway indicates that the host and the
router interface serving as the default gateway are
both operational on the local network. Ping can
also be used to test the ability of a local host to
communicate across an internetwork. The local
host can ping an operational IPv4 host of a remote
network. Traceroute (tracert) generates a list of
hops that were successfully reached along the
path. This list provides verication and
troubleshooting information. If the data reaches
the destination, then the trace lists the interface of
every router in the path between the hosts. If the
data fails at some hop along the way, the address
of the last router that responded to the trace can
provide an indication of where the problem or
security restrictions are found. The round-trip time
is the time a packet takes to reach the remote host
and for the response from the host to return.
Traceroute makes use of a function of the TTL eld
in IPv4 and the Hop Limit eld in IPv6 in the Layer
3 headers, along with the ICMP time exceeded
message.

13.3.4

Module Quiz - ICMP 

1. A technician is troubleshooting a network

where it is suspected that a defective node
in the network path is causing packets to be
dropped. The technician only has the IP
address of the end point device and does
not have any details of the intermediate
devices. What command can the technician
use to identify the faulty node?

ipcong /displaydns

ping

tracert

ipcong /ushdns

2. A user who is unable to connect to the le

server contacts the help desk. The helpdesk
technician asks the user to ping the IP
address of the default gateway that is
congured on the workstation. What is the
purpose for this ping command?

to test that the host has the capability to

reach hosts on other networks

to obtain a dynamic IP address from the

server

to resolve the domain name of the le

server to its IP address

to request that gateway forward the

connection request to the le server

3. What is a function of the tracert command

that diers from the ping command when
they are used on a workstation?

The tracert command reaches the

destination faster.

The tracert command sends one ICMP

message to each hop in the path.

The tracert command is used to test the

connectivity between two devices.

The tracert command shows the

information of routers in the path.

4. Which ICMP message is used by the

traceroute utility during the process of
nding the path between two end hosts?

ping

redirect

destination unreachable

time exceeded

5. Which utility uses the Internet Control

Messaging Protocol (ICMP)?

NTP

DNS

ping

RIP

6. Which protocol is used by IPv4 and IPv6 to

provide error messaging?

ICMP

DHCP

NDP

ARP

7. A network administrator is testing network

connectivity by issuing the ping command
on a router. Which symbol will be displayed
to indicate that a time expired during the
wait for an ICMP echo reply message?

8. Which two things can be determined by

using the ping command? (Choose two.)

the average time it takes a packet to

reach the destination and for the
response to return to the source

the number of routers between the

source and destination device

the average time it takes each router in

the path between source and destination
to respond

the IP address of the router nearest the

destination device

the destination device is reachable

through the network

9. A user calls to report that a PC cannot

access the internet. The network technician
asks the user to issue the command ping
127.0.0.1 in a command prompt window.
The user reports that the result is four
positive replies. What conclusion can be
drawn based on this connectivity test?

The PC can access the network. The

problem exists beyond the local network.

The PC can access the Internet.

However, the web browser may not
work.

The TCP/IP implementation is functional.

The IP address obtained from the DHCP

server is correct.

10. Which command can be used to test

connectivity between two devices using
echo request and echo reply messages?

ICMP

ping

netstat

ipcong

11. What eld content is used by ICMPv6 to

determine that a packet has expired?

Hop Limit eld

CRC eld

Time Exceeded eld

TTL eld

12. Which protocol provides feedback from the

destination host to the source host about
errors in packet delivery?

DNS

ARP

ICMP

BOOTP

13. A network administrator can successfully

ping the server at www.cisco.com, but
cannot ping the company web server
located at an ISP in another city. Which tool
or command would help identify the specic
router where the packet was lost or
delayed?

netstat

traceroute

telnet

ipcong

14. What message is sent by a host to check the

uniqueness of an IPv6 address before using
that address?

ARP request

router solicitation

echo request

neighbor solicitation

Check

Show Me

Reset

 Ping and Tracer… 

13.2 14.0

Introduction