"""

This module converts requested URLs to callback view functions.

URLResolver is the main class here. Its resolve() method takes a URL (as
a string) and returns a ResolverMatch object which provides access to all
attributes of the resolved URL match.
"""
import functools
import re
import threading
from importlib import import_module
from urllib.parse import quote

from django.conf import settings

from django.core.checks import Warning
from django.core.checks.urls import check_resolver
from django.core.exceptions import ImproperlyConfigured
from django.utils.datastructures import MultiValueDict
from django.utils.functional import cached_property
from django.utils.http import RFC3986_SUBDELIMS, escape_leading_slashes
from django.utils.regex_helper import normalize
from django.utils.translation import get_language

from .converters import get_converter

from .exceptions import NoReverseMatch, Resolver404
from .utils import get_callable

class ResolverMatch:
def __init__(self, func, args, kwargs, url_name=None, app_names=None,
namespaces=None):
self.func = func
self.args = args
self.kwargs = kwargs
self.url_name = url_name

# If a URLRegexResolver doesn't have a namespace or app_name, it passes

# in an empty value.
self.app_names = [x for x in app_names if x] if app_names else []
self.app_name = ':'.join(self.app_names)
self.namespaces = [x for x in namespaces if x] if namespaces else []
self.namespace = ':'.join(self.namespaces)

if not hasattr(func, '__name__'):

# A class-based view
self._func_path = func.__class__.__module__ + '.' +
func.__class__.__name__
else:
# A function-based view
self._func_path = func.__module__ + '.' + func.__name__

view_path = url_name or self._func_path

self.view_name = ':'.join(self.namespaces + [view_path])

def __getitem__(self, index):

return (self.func, self.args, self.kwargs)[index]

def __repr__(self):
return "ResolverMatch(func=%s, args=%s, kwargs=%s, url_name=%s, app_names=
%s, namespaces=%s)" % (
self._func_path, self.args, self.kwargs, self.url_name,
self.app_names, self.namespaces,
)

@functools.lru_cache(maxsize=None)
def get_resolver(urlconf=None):
if urlconf is None:
urlconf = settings.ROOT_URLCONF
return URLResolver(RegexPattern(r'^/'), urlconf)

@functools.lru_cache(maxsize=None)
def get_ns_resolver(ns_pattern, resolver, converters):
# Build a namespaced resolver for the given parent URLconf pattern.
# This makes it possible to have captured parameters in the parent
# URLconf pattern.
pattern = RegexPattern(ns_pattern)
pattern.converters = dict(converters)
ns_resolver = URLResolver(pattern, resolver.url_patterns)
return URLResolver(RegexPattern(r'^/'), [ns_resolver])

class LocaleRegexDescriptor:
def __init__(self, attr):
self.attr = attr

def __get__(self, instance, cls=None):

"""
Return a compiled regular expression based on the active language.
"""
if instance is None:
return self
# As a performance optimization, if the given regex string is a regular
# string (not a lazily-translated string proxy), compile it once and
# avoid per-language compilation.
pattern = getattr(instance, self.attr)
if isinstance(pattern, str):
instance.__dict__['regex'] = instance._compile(pattern)
return instance.__dict__['regex']
language_code = get_language()
if language_code not in instance._regex_dict:
instance._regex_dict[language_code] = instance._compile(str(pattern))
return instance._regex_dict[language_code]

class CheckURLMixin:
def describe(self):
"""
Format the URL pattern for display in warning messages.
"""
description = "'{}'".format(self)
if self.name:
description += " [name='{}']".format(self.name)
return description

def _check_pattern_startswith_slash(self):
"""
 Check that the pattern does not begin with a forward slash.
"""
regex_pattern = self.regex.pattern
if not settings.APPEND_SLASH:
# Skip check as it can be useful to start a URL pattern with a slash
# when APPEND_SLASH=False.
return []
if regex_pattern.startswith(('/', '^/', '^\\/')) and not
regex_pattern.endswith('/'):
warning = Warning(
"Your URL pattern {} has a route beginning with a '/'. Remove this
"
"slash as it is unnecessary. If this pattern is targeted in an "
"include(), ensure the include() pattern has a trailing
'/'.".format(
self.describe()
),
id="urls.W002",
)
return [warning]
else:
return []

class RegexPattern(CheckURLMixin):
regex = LocaleRegexDescriptor('_regex')

def __init__(self, regex, name=None, is_endpoint=False):

self._regex = regex
self._regex_dict = {}
self._is_endpoint = is_endpoint
self.name = name
self.converters = {}

def match(self, path):

match = self.regex.search(path)
if match:
# If there are any named groups, use those as kwargs, ignoring
# non-named groups. Otherwise, pass all non-named arguments as
# positional arguments.
kwargs = match.groupdict()
args = () if kwargs else match.groups()
return path[match.end():], args, kwargs
return None

def check(self):
warnings = []
warnings.extend(self._check_pattern_startswith_slash())
if not self._is_endpoint:
warnings.extend(self._check_include_trailing_dollar())
return warnings

def _check_include_trailing_dollar(self):
regex_pattern = self.regex.pattern
if regex_pattern.endswith('$') and not regex_pattern.endswith(r'\$'):
return [Warning(
"Your URL pattern {} uses include with a route ending with a '$'. "
"Remove the dollar from the route to avoid problems including "
"URLs.".format(self.describe()),
 id='urls.W001',
)]
else:
return []

def _compile(self, regex):

"""Compile and return the given regular expression."""
try:
return re.compile(regex)
except re.error as e:
raise ImproperlyConfigured(
'"%s" is not a valid regular expression: %s' % (regex, e)
)

def __str__(self):
return str(self._regex)

_PATH_PARAMETER_COMPONENT_RE = re.compile(
r'<(?:(?P<converter>[^>:]+):)?(?P<parameter>\w+)>'
)

def _route_to_regex(route, is_endpoint=False):

"""
Convert a path pattern into a regular expression. Return the regular
expression and a dictionary mapping the capture names to the converters.
For example, 'foo/<int:pk>' returns '^foo\\/(?P<pk>[0-9]+)'
and {'pk': <django.urls.converters.IntConverter>}.
"""
original_route = route
parts = ['^']
converters = {}
while True:
match = _PATH_PARAMETER_COMPONENT_RE.search(route)
if not match:
parts.append(re.escape(route))
break
parts.append(re.escape(route[:match.start()]))
route = route[match.end():]
parameter = match.group('parameter')
if not parameter.isidentifier():
raise ImproperlyConfigured(
"URL route '%s' uses parameter name %r which isn't a valid "
"Python identifier." % (original_route, parameter)
)
raw_converter = match.group('converter')
if raw_converter is None:
# If a converter isn't specified, the default is `str`.
raw_converter = 'str'
try:
converter = get_converter(raw_converter)
except KeyError as e:
raise ImproperlyConfigured(
"URL route '%s' uses invalid converter %s." % (original_route, e)
)
converters[parameter] = converter
parts.append('(?P<' + parameter + '>' + converter.regex + ')')
if is_endpoint:
 parts.append('$')
return ''.join(parts), converters

class RoutePattern(CheckURLMixin):
regex = LocaleRegexDescriptor('_route')

def __init__(self, route, name=None, is_endpoint=False):

self._route = route
self._regex_dict = {}
self._is_endpoint = is_endpoint
self.name = name
self.converters = _route_to_regex(str(route), is_endpoint)[1]

def match(self, path):

match = self.regex.search(path)
if match:
# RoutePattern doesn't allow non-named groups so args are ignored.
kwargs = match.groupdict()
for key, value in kwargs.items():
converter = self.converters[key]
try:
kwargs[key] = converter.to_python(value)
except ValueError:
return None
return path[match.end():], (), kwargs
return None

def check(self):
warnings = self._check_pattern_startswith_slash()
route = self._route
if '(?P<' in route or route.startswith('^') or route.endswith('$'):
warnings.append(Warning(
"Your URL pattern {} has a route that contains '(?P<', begins "
"with a '^', or ends with a '$'. This was likely an oversight "
"when migrating to django.urls.path().".format(self.describe()),
id='2_0.W001',
))
return warnings

def _compile(self, route):

return re.compile(_route_to_regex(route, self._is_endpoint)[0])

def __str__(self):
return str(self._route)

class LocalePrefixPattern:
def __init__(self, prefix_default_language=True):
self.prefix_default_language = prefix_default_language
self.converters = {}

@property
def regex(self):
# This is only used by reverse() and cached in _reverse_dict.
return re.compile(self.language_prefix)

@property
def language_prefix(self):
 language_code = get_language() or settings.LANGUAGE_CODE
if language_code == settings.LANGUAGE_CODE and not
self.prefix_default_language:
return ''
else:
return '%s/' % language_code

def match(self, path):

language_prefix = self.language_prefix
if path.startswith(language_prefix):
return path[len(language_prefix):], (), {}
return None

def check(self):
return []

def describe(self):
return "'{}'".format(self)

def __str__(self):
return self.language_prefix

class URLPattern:
def __init__(self, pattern, callback, default_args=None, name=None):
self.pattern = pattern
self.callback = callback # the view
self.default_args = default_args or {}
self.name = name

def __repr__(self):
return '<%s %s>' % (self.__class__.__name__, self.pattern.describe())

def check(self):
warnings = self._check_pattern_name()
warnings.extend(self.pattern.check())
return warnings

def _check_pattern_name(self):
"""
Check that the pattern name does not contain a colon.
"""
if self.pattern.name is not None and ":" in self.pattern.name:
warning = Warning(
"Your URL pattern {} has a name including a ':'. Remove the colon,
to "
"avoid ambiguous namespace
references.".format(self.pattern.describe()),
id="urls.W003",
)
return [warning]
else:
return []

def resolve(self, path):

match = self.pattern.match(path)
if match:
new_path, args, kwargs = match
# Pass any extra_kwargs as **kwargs.
 kwargs.update(self.default_args)
return ResolverMatch(self.callback, args, kwargs, self.pattern.name)

@cached_property
def lookup_str(self):
"""
A string that identifies the view (e.g. 'path.to.view_function' or
'path.to.ClassBasedView').
"""
callback = self.callback
if isinstance(callback, functools.partial):
callback = callback.func
if not hasattr(callback, '__name__'):
return callback.__module__ + "." + callback.__class__.__name__
return callback.__module__ + "." + callback.__qualname__

class URLResolver:
def __init__(self, pattern, urlconf_name, default_kwargs=None, app_name=None,
namespace=None):
self.pattern = pattern
# urlconf_name is the dotted Python path to the module defining
# urlpatterns. It may also be an object with an urlpatterns attribute
# or urlpatterns itself.
self.urlconf_name = urlconf_name
self.callback = None
self.default_kwargs = default_kwargs or {}
self.namespace = namespace
self.app_name = app_name
self._reverse_dict = {}
self._namespace_dict = {}
self._app_dict = {}
# set of dotted paths to all functions and classes that are used in
# urlpatterns
self._callback_strs = set()
self._populated = False
self._local = threading.local()

def __repr__(self):
if isinstance(self.urlconf_name, list) and self.urlconf_name:
# Don't bother to output the whole list, it can be huge
urlconf_repr = '<%s list>' % self.urlconf_name[0].__class__.__name__
else:
urlconf_repr = repr(self.urlconf_name)
return '<%s %s (%s:%s) %s>' % (
self.__class__.__name__, urlconf_repr, self.app_name,
self.namespace, self.pattern.describe(),
)

def check(self):
warnings = []
for pattern in self.url_patterns:
warnings.extend(check_resolver(pattern))
return warnings or self.pattern.check()

def _populate(self):
# Short-circuit if called recursively in this thread to prevent
# infinite recursion. Concurrent threads may call this at the same
# time and will need to continue, so set 'populating' on a
 # thread-local variable.
if getattr(self._local, 'populating', False):
return
try:
self._local.populating = True
lookups = MultiValueDict()
namespaces = {}
apps = {}
language_code = get_language()
for url_pattern in reversed(self.url_patterns):
p_pattern = url_pattern.pattern.regex.pattern
if p_pattern.startswith('^'):
p_pattern = p_pattern[1:]
if isinstance(url_pattern, URLPattern):
self._callback_strs.add(url_pattern.lookup_str)
bits = normalize(url_pattern.pattern.regex.pattern)
lookups.appendlist(
url_pattern.callback,
(bits, p_pattern, url_pattern.default_args,
url_pattern.pattern.converters)
)
if url_pattern.name is not None:
lookups.appendlist(
url_pattern.name,
(bits, p_pattern, url_pattern.default_args,
url_pattern.pattern.converters)
)
else: # url_pattern is a URLResolver.
url_pattern._populate()
if url_pattern.app_name:
apps.setdefault(url_pattern.app_name,
[]).append(url_pattern.namespace)
namespaces[url_pattern.namespace] = (p_pattern,
url_pattern)
else:
for name in url_pattern.reverse_dict:
for matches, pat, defaults, converters in
url_pattern.reverse_dict.getlist(name):
new_matches = normalize(p_pattern + pat)
lookups.appendlist(
name,
(
new_matches,
p_pattern + pat,
{**defaults, **url_pattern.default_kwargs},
{**self.pattern.converters,
**url_pattern.pattern.converters, **converters}
)
)
for namespace, (prefix, sub_pattern) in
url_pattern.namespace_dict.items():
namespaces[namespace] = (p_pattern + prefix,
sub_pattern)
for app_name, namespace_list in
url_pattern.app_dict.items():
apps.setdefault(app_name, []).extend(namespace_list)
self._callback_strs.update(url_pattern._callback_strs)
self._namespace_dict[language_code] = namespaces
self._app_dict[language_code] = apps
 self._reverse_dict[language_code] = lookups
self._populated = True
finally:
self._local.populating = False

@property
def reverse_dict(self):
language_code = get_language()
if language_code not in self._reverse_dict:
self._populate()
return self._reverse_dict[language_code]

@property
def namespace_dict(self):
language_code = get_language()
if language_code not in self._namespace_dict:
self._populate()
return self._namespace_dict[language_code]

@property
def app_dict(self):
language_code = get_language()
if language_code not in self._app_dict:
self._populate()
return self._app_dict[language_code]

def _is_callback(self, name):

if not self._populated:
self._populate()
return name in self._callback_strs

def resolve(self, path):

path = str(path) # path may be a reverse_lazy object
tried = []
match = self.pattern.match(path)
if match:
new_path, args, kwargs = match
for pattern in self.url_patterns:
try:
sub_match = pattern.resolve(new_path)
except Resolver404 as e:
sub_tried = e.args[0].get('tried')
if sub_tried is not None:
tried.extend([pattern] + t for t in sub_tried)
else:
tried.append([pattern])
else:
if sub_match:
# Merge captured arguments in match with submatch
sub_match_dict = {**kwargs, **self.default_kwargs}
# Update the sub_match_dict with the kwargs from the
sub_match.
sub_match_dict.update(sub_match.kwargs)
# If there are *any* named groups, ignore all non-named
groups.
# Otherwise, pass all non-named arguments as positional
arguments.
sub_match_args = sub_match.args
if not sub_match_dict:
 sub_match_args = args + sub_match.args
return ResolverMatch(
sub_match.func,
sub_match_args,
sub_match_dict,
sub_match.url_name,
[self.app_name] + sub_match.app_names,
[self.namespace] + sub_match.namespaces,
)
tried.append([pattern])
raise Resolver404({'tried': tried, 'path': new_path})
raise Resolver404({'path': path})

@cached_property
def urlconf_module(self):
if isinstance(self.urlconf_name, str):
return import_module(self.urlconf_name)
else:
return self.urlconf_name

@cached_property
def url_patterns(self):
# urlconf_module might be a valid set of patterns, so we default to it
patterns = getattr(self.urlconf_module, "urlpatterns", self.urlconf_module)
try:
iter(patterns)
except TypeError:
msg = (
"The included URLconf '{name}' does not appear to have any "
"patterns in it. If you see valid patterns in the file then "
"the issue is probably caused by a circular import."
)
raise ImproperlyConfigured(msg.format(name=self.urlconf_name))
return patterns

def resolve_error_handler(self, view_type):

callback = getattr(self.urlconf_module, 'handler%s' % view_type, None)
if not callback:
# No handler specified in file; use lazy import, since
# django.conf.urls imports this file.
from django.conf import urls
callback = getattr(urls, 'handler%s' % view_type)
return get_callable(callback), {}

def reverse(self, lookup_view, *args, **kwargs):

return self._reverse_with_prefix(lookup_view, '', *args, **kwargs)

def _reverse_with_prefix(self, lookup_view, _prefix, *args, **kwargs):

if args and kwargs:
raise ValueError("Don't mix *args and **kwargs in call to reverse()!")

if not self._populated:
self._populate()

possibilities = self.reverse_dict.getlist(lookup_view)

for possibility, pattern, defaults, converters in possibilities:

for result, params in possibility:
if args:
 if len(args) != len(params):
continue
candidate_subs = dict(zip(params, args))
else:
if
set(kwargs).symmetric_difference(params).difference(defaults):
continue
if any(kwargs.get(k, v) != v for k, v in defaults.items()):
continue
candidate_subs = kwargs
# Convert the candidate subs to text using Converter.to_url().
text_candidate_subs = {}
for k, v in candidate_subs.items():
if k in converters:
text_candidate_subs[k] = converters[k].to_url(v)
else:
text_candidate_subs[k] = str(v)
# WSGI provides decoded URLs, without %xx escapes, and the URL
# resolver operates on such URLs. First substitute arguments
# without quoting to build a decoded URL and look for a match.
# Then, if we have a match, redo the substitution with quoted
# arguments in order to return a properly encoded URL.
candidate_pat = _prefix.replace('%', '%%') + result
if re.search('^%s%s' % (re.escape(_prefix), pattern), candidate_pat
% text_candidate_subs):
# safe characters from `pchar` definition of RFC 3986
url = quote(candidate_pat % text_candidate_subs,
safe=RFC3986_SUBDELIMS + '/~:@')
# Don't allow construction of scheme relative urls.
return escape_leading_slashes(url)
# lookup_view can be URL name or callable, but callables are not
# friendly in error messages.
m = getattr(lookup_view, '__module__', None)
n = getattr(lookup_view, '__name__', None)
if m is not None and n is not None:
lookup_view_s = "%s.%s" % (m, n)
else:
lookup_view_s = lookup_view

patterns = [pattern for (_, pattern, _, _) in possibilities]

if patterns:
if args:
arg_msg = "arguments '%s'" % (args,)
elif kwargs:
arg_msg = "keyword arguments '%s'" % (kwargs,)
else:
arg_msg = "no arguments"
msg = (
"Reverse for '%s' with %s not found. %d pattern(s) tried: %s" %
(lookup_view_s, arg_msg, len(patterns), patterns)
)
else:
msg = (
"Reverse for '%(view)s' not found. '%(view)s' is not "
"a valid view function or pattern name." % {'view': lookup_view_s}
)
raise NoReverseMatch(msg)