Three rods made of the same material and having the same

cross-section have been joined as shown in the figure. Each

(2001)
𝒑𝑽 - plots for two gases during adiabatic processes are shown
in the figure. Plots 1 and 2 should correspond respectively to

(2001)
In a given process of an ideal gas, 𝒅𝑾 = 𝟎 and 𝒅𝑸 < 𝟎.
Then for the gas

(2001)
Which of the following graphs correctly represent the
𝒅𝑽/𝒅𝒑
variation of 𝜷 = with 𝒑 for an ideal gas at constant
𝑽
temperature?

(2002)
An ideal gas is taken through the cycle 𝑨 → 𝑩 →𝑪 → 𝑨, as
shown in the figure. If the net heat supplied to the gas in the
cycle is 5 J, the work done by the gas in the process 𝑪 → 𝑨 is

(2020)
The graph, shown in the diagram, represents the variation of
temperature (𝑻) of the bodies, 𝒙 and 𝒚 having same surface
area, with time (𝒕) due to the emission of radiation. Find the
correct relation between the emissivity and absorptivity
power of the two bodies

(2003)
Two rods, one of aluminum and the other made of steel,
having initial length 𝒍1 and 𝒍2 are connected together to form
a single rod of length 𝒍 1 + 𝒍 2. The coefficients of linear
expansion for aluminum and steel are 𝜶a and 𝜶s respectively.
If the length of each rod increases by the same amount when
their temperature are raised by 𝒕°C, then find the ratio 𝒍1/
(𝒍1+𝒍2)
(2003)
2 kg of ice at –20°C is mixed with 5 kg of water at 20°C in an
insulating vessel having a negligible heat capacity. Calculate
the final mass of water remaining in the container. It is given
that the specific heats of water and ice are 1 kcal/kg /°C and
0.5 kcal/kg /°C while the latent heat of fusion of ice is 80
kcal/kg

(2003)
Liquid oxygen at 50 K is heated to 300 K at constant pressure
of 1 atm. The rate of heating is constant. Which of the
following graphs represent the variation of temperature with
time?

(2004)
Three discs, 𝑨, 𝑩 and 𝑪 having radii 2 m, 4 m and 6 m
respectively are coated with carbon black on their outer
surfaces. The wavelengths corresponding to maximum
intensity are 300 nm, 400 nm and 500 nm, respectively. The
power radiated by them are 𝑸A, 𝑸B and 𝑸C respectively
(2019 Main)
Two identical conducting rods are first connected
independently to two vessels, one containing water at 100°C
and the other containing ice at 0°C. In the second case, the
rods are joined end to end and connected to the same vessels.
Let 𝒒1 and 𝒒2 gram per second be the rate of melting of ice in
the two cases respectively. The ratio 𝒒1/𝒒2 is
(2004)
An ideal gas expands isothermally from a volume 𝑽1 to𝑽2 and
then compressed to original volume 𝑽1 adiabatically. Initial
pressure is 𝒑1 and final pressure is 𝒑3. The total work done is
𝑾. Then,
(2004)
Calorie is defined as the amount of heat required to raise
temperature of 1 g of water by 1°C and it is defined under
which of the following conditions?

(2005)
Water of volume 2 𝑳 in a container is heated with a coil of 1
kW at 27°C. The lid of the container is open and energy
dissipates at a rate of 160 J/s. In how much time temperature
will rise from 27°C to 77°C? [Specific heat of water is 4.2
kJ/kg]
(2005)
An ideal gas is expanding such that 𝒑𝑻 2 = constant. The
coefficient of volume expansion of the gas is
(2010)
5.6 L of helium gas at STP is adiabatically compressed to 0.7
L. Taking the initial temperature to be T1, the work done in
the process is
(2011)
Two moles of ideal helium gas are in a rubber balloon at 30°C.
The balloon is fully expandable and can be assumed to require
no energy in its expansion. The temperature of the gas in the
balloon is slowly changed to 35°C. The amount of heat
required in raising the temperature is nearly (take R = 8.31
J/mol-K)
(2012)
A mixture of 2 moles of helium gas (atomic mass = 4 amu) and
1 mole of argon gas (atomic mass = 40 amu) is kept at 300 K
in a container. The ratio of the rms speeds
[𝒗rms(helium)/𝒗rms(argon)] is
(1981)
Three very large plates of same area are kept parallel and
close to each other. They are considered as ideal black
surfaces and have very high thermal conductivity. The first
and third plates are maintained at temperatures 2𝑻 and 3𝑻
respectively. The temperature of the middle (i.e. second) plate
under steady state condition is

(2012)
Two rectangular blocks, having identical dimensions, can be
arranged either in configuration 𝑰 or in configuration 𝑰𝑰 as
shown in the figure. One of the blocks has thermal
conductivity 𝑲 and the other 𝟐𝑲. The temperature difference
between the ends along the 𝑿-axis is the same in both the
configurations. It takes 9s to transport a certain amount of
heat from the hot end to the cold end in the configuration 𝑰.
The time to transport the same amount of heat in the
configuration 𝑰𝑰 is

(2013 Adv.)
Two non-reactive monoatomic ideal gases have their atomic
masses in the ratio 2:3. The ratio of their partial pressures,
when enclosed in a vessel kept at a constant temperature, is
4:3. The ratio of their densities is
(2013 Adv.)
The shown 𝒑 − 𝑽 diagram represents the thermodynamic
cycle of an engine, operating with an ideal monoatomic gas.
The amount of heat, extracted from the source in a single
cycle is

(2013 Main)
An ideal gas enclosed in a vertical cylindrical container
supports a freely moving piston of mass 𝑴. The piston and the
cylinder have equal cross-sectional area 𝑨. When the piston is
in equilibrium, the volume of the gas is 𝑽0 and its pressure is
𝒑 0. The piston is slightly displaced from the equilibrium
position and released. Assuming that the system is completely
isolated from its surrounding, the piston executes a simple
harmonic motion with frequency
(2013 Main)
Three rods of copper, brass and steel are welded together to
form a 𝒀-shaped structure. Area of cross-section of each rod
is 4 cm2. End of copper rod is maintained at 100°C whereas
ends of brass and steel are kept at 0°C. Lengths of the copper,
brass and steel rods are 46, 13 and 12 cm respectively. The
rods are thermally insulated from surroundings except at
ends. Thermal conductivities of copper, brass and steel are
0.92, 0.26 and 0.12 in CGS units, respectively. Rate of heat
flow through copper rod is
(2014 Main)
Parallel rays of light of intensity 𝑰 = 912 Wm-2 are incident on
a spherical black body kept in surroundings of temperature
300 K. Take Stefan constant 𝝈 = 5.7 𝑿 10-8 Wm-2K4 and
assume that the energy exchange with the surroundings is
only through radiation. The final steady state temperature of
the black body is close to
(2014 Main)
One mole of diatomic ideal gas undergoes a cyclic process
𝑨𝑩𝑪𝑨 as shown in figure. The process 𝑩𝑪 is adiabatic. The
temperatures at 𝑨, 𝑩 and 𝑪 are 400 K, 800 K and 600 K,
respectively. Choose the correct statement.

(2014 Main)
A pendulum clock loses 12s a day if the temperature is 40°C
and gains 4s a day if the temperature is 20°C. The
temperature at which the clock will show correct time, and
the coefficient of linear expansion 𝜶 of the metal of the
pendulum shaft are, respectively.

(2016 Main)
An ideal gas undergoes a quasi-static, reversible process in
which its molar heat capacity 𝑪 remains constant. If during
this process the relation of pressure 𝒑 and volume 𝑽 is given
by 𝒑𝑽n = constant, then 𝒏 is given by (Here, 𝑪p and 𝑪V are
molar specific heat at constant pressure and constant volume,
respectively)

(2016 Main)
𝒏 moles of an ideal gas undergo a process 𝑨 and 𝑩 as shown
in the figure. The maximum temperature of the gas during
the process will be.

(2016 Main)
A copper ball of mass 100 g is at a temperature 𝑻 . It is
dropped in a copper calorimeter of mass 100 g, filled with 170
g of water at room temperature. Subsequently, the
temperature of the system is found to be 75°C. 𝑻 is (Given,
room temperature = 30°C, specific heat of copper = 0.1
cal/g°C)
(2017 Main)
𝑪p and 𝑪V are specific heats at constant pressure and constant
volume, respectively. It is observed that 𝑪 p- 𝑪 V= 𝒂 for
hydrogen gas and 𝑪 p- 𝑪 V= 𝒃 for nitrogen gas. The correct
relation between 𝒂 and 𝒃 is
(2017 Main)
An external pressure 𝒑 is applied on a cube at 0°C so that it is
equally compressed from all sides. 𝑲 is the bulk modulus of
the material of the cube and 𝜶 is its coefficient of linear-
expansion. Suppose we want to bring the cube to its original
size by heating. The temperature should be raised by
(2017 Main)
The temperature of an open room of volume 30m3 increases
from 17°C to 27°C due to the sunshine. The atmospheric
pressure in the room remains 1𝑿 105 Pa. If 𝒏i and 𝒏f are the
number of molecules in the room before and after heating,
then 𝒏f - 𝒏i will be
(2017 Main)
The mass of a hydrogen molecule is 3.32 𝑿10-27 kg. If 1023
hydrogen molecules strike per second, a fixed wall of area 2
cm2 at an angle of 45° to the normal and rebound elastically
with a speed of 103 m/s, then the pressure on the wall is nearly
(2018 Main)
Two moles of an ideal monoatomic gas occupies a volume 𝑽
at 27°C. The gas expands adiabatically to a volume 𝟐𝑽 .
Calculate (i) the final temperature of the gas and (ii) change
in its internal energy.
(2018 Main)
A cylinder of radius 𝑹 is surrounded by a cylindrical shell of
inner radius 𝑹 and outer radius 𝟐𝑹 . The thermal
conductivity of the material of the inner cylinder is 𝑲1 and
that of the outer cylinder is 𝑲2. Assuming no loss of heat, the
effective thermal conductivity of the system for heat flowing
along the length of the cylinder is
(2019 Main)
When 𝑴1 gram of ice at -10°C (specific heat = 0.5 cal g-1°C-1)
is added to 𝑴2 gram of water at 50°C, finally no ice is left and
the water is at 0°C. The value of latent heat of ice, in calg-1 is
(2019 Main)
A thermally insulated vessel contains 150 g of water at 0°C.
Then, the air from the vessel is pumped out adiabatically. A
fraction of water turns into ice and the rest evaporates at 0°C
itself. The mass of evaporated water will be closest to (Latent
heat of vaporization of water = 2𝑿 106 Jkg-1 and latent heat of
fusion of water = 3.36 𝑿105 Jkg-1)
(2019 Main)
When 100 g of a liquid 𝑨 at 100ºC is added to 50 g of a liquid
𝑩 at temperature 75ºC, the temperature of the mixture
becomes 90ºC. The temperature of the mixture, if 100 g of
liquid 𝑨 at 100ºC is added to 50 g of liquid 𝑩 at 50ºC will be
(2019 Main)
In a process, temperature and volume of one mole of an ideal
monoatomic gas are varied according to the relation 𝑽𝑻 = 𝒌,
where 𝒌 is a constant. In this process, the temperature of the
gas is increased by ∆𝑻. The amount of heat absorbed by gas is
(where, 𝑹 is gas constant)
(2019 Main)
A metal ball of mass 0.1 kg is heated up to 500ºC and dropped
into a vessel of heat capacity 800 JK-1 and containing 0.5 kg
water. The initial temperature of water and vessel is 30ºC.
What is the approximate percentage increment in the
temperature of the water? Specific heat capacities of water
and metal are respectively 4200 Jkg-1K-1 and 400 Jkg-1K-1
(2019 Main)
Ice at -20°C is added to 50 g of water at 40°C. When the
temperature of the mixture reaches 0°C, it is found that 20 g
of ice is still unmelted. The amount of ice added to the water
was close to (Take, specific heat of water = 4.2 J/g/°C specific
heat of ice = 2.1 J/g/°C and heat of fusion of water at 0°C =
334 J/g)
(2019 Main)
An unknown metal of mass 192 g heated to a temperature of
100°C was immersed into a brass calorimeter of mass 128 g
containing 240 g of water at a temperature of 8.4 °C.
Calculate the specific heat of the unknown metal, if water
temperature stabilises at 21.5 °C. (Take, specific heat of brass
is 394 J kg-1 K-1)
(2019 Main)
A uniform cylindrical rod of length 𝑳 and radius 𝒓, is made
from a material whose Young’s modulus of elasticity equals
𝒀 . When this rod is heated by temperature 𝑻 and
simultaneously subjected to a net longitudinal compressional
force 𝑭 , its length remains unchanged. The coefficient of
volume expansion of the material of the rod, is (nearly) equal
to
(2019 Main)
At 40°C, a brass wire of 1mm radius is hung from the ceiling.
A small mass 𝑴 is hung from the free end of the wire. When
the wire is cooled down from 40°C to 20°C, it regains its
original length of 0.2 m. The value of 𝑴 is close to [Coefficient
of linear expansion and Young’s modulus of brass are 10-5/°C
and 1011 N/m2 respectively, g =10 ms-2]

(2019 Main)
Two rods 𝑨 and 𝑩 of identical dimensions are at temperature
30ºC. If 𝑨 is heated upto 180ºC and 𝑩 upto 𝑻 ºC, then new
lengths are the same. If the ratio of the coefficients of linear
expansion of 𝑨 and 𝑩 is 4:3, then the value of 𝑻 is
(2019 Main)
Two materials having coefficients of thermal conductivity
‘𝟑𝑲’ and ‘𝑲’ and thickness ‘𝒅’ and ‘𝟑𝒅’ respectively, are
joined to form a slab as shown in the figure. The temperatures
of the outer surfaces are ‘𝜽2’ and ‘𝜽1’ respectively, (𝜽2 > 𝜽1).
The temperature at the interface is

(2019 Main)
Two identical beakers 𝑨 and 𝑩 contain equal volumes of two
different liquids at 60°C each and left to cool down. Liquid in
A has density of 8 X 102 kg/m3 and specific heat of 2000 Jkg-
1 -1
K while liquid in 𝑩 has density of 103 kgm-3 and specific
heat of 4000 Jkg-1K-1. Which of the following best describes
their temperature versus time graph schematically? (Assume
the emissivity of both the beakers to be the same)

(2019 Main)
Temperature difference of 120°C is maintained between two
ends of a uniform rod 𝑨𝑩 of length 𝟐𝑳. Another bent rod 𝑷𝑸,
of same cross-section as 𝑨𝑩 and length 𝟑𝑳/𝟐 is connected
across 𝑨𝑩 (see figure). In steady state, temperature difference
between 𝑷 and 𝑸 will be close to

(2019 Main)
A diatomic gas with rigid molecules does 10 J of work when
expanded at constant pressure. What would be the heat
energy absorbed by the gas, in this process?
(2019 Main)