BOOK CLUB HELLO 01

(February 21, 2025)

By Teacher Stuart
Mastering
Conditionals
Understanding and Applying
Conditional Sentences in English

BOOK CLUB Lesson Objectives 02

BOOK CLUB Introduction to Conditionals 03

BOOK CLUB Zero Conditionals 04

BOOK CLUB First Conditionals 05

BOOK CLUB Second Conditionals 06

BOOK CLUB Third Conditionals 07

BOOK CLUB Mixed Conditionals 08

WHAT IS A
CONDITIONAL SENTENCE?
Conditional sentences have two parts or clauses that give a
condition in the dependent clause and a result in
the independent clause. The condition clause usually contains an if
statement. There are several different
forms of conditional sentences that allow the writer to express
various meanings using different tenses.

● Condition (if) clause + result clause

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ZERO Make sentences with the zero conditional.

CONDITIONAL
For example:

(not / rain / the flowers / die)

If it doesn't rain, the flowers die.

1. (I / wake up late / I / be late for work)

The zero conditional uses the ____________________________________________
Zero Conditional

present tense in both clauses and 2. (my husband / cook / he / burn the food)
is used to talk about something
HELLO

____________________________________________
that is always or generally true. The 3. (Julie / not wear a hat / she / get sunstroke)
____________________________________________
present tense signifies that these 4. (children / not eat well / they / not be healthy)
actions are both possible and ____________________________________________
typical. 5. (you / mix water and electricity / you /
get a shock)
____________________________________________
Form: If + simple present (V1), simple present (V1) 6. (people / eat / too many sweets / they / get fat)
____________________________________________
7. (you / smoke / you / get yellow fingers)
____________________________________________
● Example 1: If it rains, I take an umbrella with me to work.
● Example 2: If I wake up early, I always read in bed.
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FIRST Put the verb into the correct first conditional

form.

CONDITIONAL 1. If I ______________ (go) out tonight, I

______________ (go) to the cinema.
2. If you ______________ (get) back late, I
______________ (be) angry.
The first conditional uses the
Zero Conditional
First Conditional

present tense in the if clause and 3. If we ______________ (not / see) each other
the future tense in the result clause.
HELLO

tomorrow, we ______________ (see) each other

This form is next week.
used to talk about something that
4. If he __________________ (come), I ___________
is a probable future result of a
(be) surprised.
condition.
5. If we __________________ (wait) here, we
Form: If + simple present, will + base verb __________________ (be) late.

6. If we __________________ (go) on holiday this

summer, we __________________ (go) to Spain.
● Example 1: If I see you later, I will say hello.
● Example 2: If I don’t see you later, I won’t be able to say
hello.
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SECOND Put the verb into the correct tense to make the
second conditional.

CONDITIONAL 1. If I ____________ (be) you, I ____________ (get) a

new job.

2. If he ____________ (be) younger, he ___________

The second conditional uses the past (travel) more.
Second Conditional
Zero Conditional
First Conditional

tense in the if clause and a modal and

base verb in the result clause.
HELLO

3. If we ____________ (not / be) friends, I___________

This form is used to talk about a (be) angry with you.
hypothetical situation that cannot happen
4. If I ____________ (have) enough money, I
or is unlikely to happen.
___________ (buy) a big house.

5. If she __________ (not / be) always so late, she

Form: If + simple past, would + base verb ___________ (be) promoted.

6. If we ____________ (win) the lottery, we

____________ (travel) the world.
● Example 1: If I had a million dollars, I would buy a
large vacation home.
● Example 2: If I were you, I wouldn’t wait to study for
the test.
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THIRD Put in the correct third conditional verb form.

CONDITIONAL 1. If you ______________ (not / be) late, we

______________ (not / miss) the bus.

2. If she ______________ (study), she ______________

The third conditional uses the past perfect in the if (pass) the exam.
Second Conditional
Third Conditional
Zero Conditional
First Conditional

clause and a modal and present perfect in the result

3. If we ______________ (arrive) earlier, we
clause.
HELLO

______________ (see) John.

This form is used to talk about a hypothetical situation
in the past that did not happen – typically with an 4. If they ______________ (go) to bed early, they
outcome that did not happen and is perhaps the ______________ (not / wake) up late.
opposite of what did happen
5. If he ______________ (become) a musician, he
Form: If + past perfect, would + present perfect ______________ (record) a CD.

6. If she ______________ (go) to art school, she

______________ (become) a painter.
● Example 1: If it had rained last week, the plants
would not have died.
● Example 2: If I had finished college, I would have
become a doctor.
MIXED
CONDITIONAL
Mixed conditionals combine the second and third The second form presents an unreal condition in the present
conditionals to present both an unreal condition that changes an unreal outcome in the past (the
either in the past or the present and an unreal result present changes the past).
either in the past or the present.
Second Form: If + simple past, would/could + present
The first form presents an unreal condition in the perfect
past that changes an unreal outcome in the present
(the past changes the present). ● Example 1: If I spoke louder, you would have heard
me before.
First Form: If + past perfect, would + present perfect ● Example 2: If you were nicer, you could have had
more friends when you were younger.
● Example 1: If I had finished college, I would be a
doctor now.
● Example 2: If it had rained last week, the plants
would be alive now.
 Mixed Conditionals Exercise

Fill the gaps using the verbs in brackets. Some verbs must be in the negative in order to make sense.

1 If you .......................................... late again for training again today (to be), I .......................................... you play in tomorrow’s
match. (let)

2 I.......................................... all August in Thailand (to spend) if I .......................................... the time and the money. (to have)
Maybe next year.

3 I .......................................... angry (to be) if you .......................................... my chocolate mousse. (to eat)

4 If just one person .......................................... my birthday (remember), I .......................................... sad. (to be)

5 You.......................................... sorry (to be) if you .......................................... for your exams. (to revise)

6 I .......................................... that umbrella inside the house (open) if I .......................................... you. (to be) It's bad luck.

7 We.......................................... (to eat) out if there.......................................... no food at home. (to be)

8 The holidays .......................................... great (to be) if the weather .......................................... better. (to be)

9 I .......................................... out with him (to go) even if you .......................................... me. (to pay)

10 If you .......................................... me about the concert (to tell), I .......................................... (to go)