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Matrices - Formula Sheet - 12th Hacker - CBSE 2025

The document provides a formula sheet for matrices, detailing key concepts such as the definition of a matrix, types of matrices (row, column, square, null, diagonal, and scalar), and their respective characteristics. It explains the order of a matrix and the notation used to represent matrices. This information is aimed at students preparing for the CBSE 2025 exams in mathematics.

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239 views3 pages

Matrices - Formula Sheet - 12th Hacker - CBSE 2025

The document provides a formula sheet for matrices, detailing key concepts such as the definition of a matrix, types of matrices (row, column, square, null, diagonal, and scalar), and their respective characteristics. It explains the order of a matrix and the notation used to represent matrices. This information is aimed at students preparing for the CBSE 2025 exams in mathematics.

Uploaded by

shadowhunter542001
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Maths 12th Hacker - CBSE 2025

--- M A T R_c 1 Es
•� ___�
___ __
FORMULA SHEET (KEY CONCEPT INVOLVED)
1. Matrices -A system ofmn numbers (real or complex) arranged in a rectangular array ofm rows and n
columns is called a matrix oforder m x n. An m x n matrix (to be read as 'm by n' matrix)
An m x n matrix is written¥,
a
I ll al2 a1 n
l
a
\2 \n
A = II �l
Ia a
LI m1 m2
The numbers a11, a12 etc are called the elements or entries ofthe matrix. IfA is a matrix oforder m x n, then
we shall write A = [ai) mxn where, aii represent the number in the i-th row andj-th column.
2. Row Matrix-A single row matrix is called a rowmatrix or a row vector. e.g. the matrix [a11, a12, ....... a1n] is
a row matrix.
I a11 l

3. Column Matrix-Asinglc column matrix is called a eohunn matrix o, a cohunn vcct<rr. e.g. the matrix I ! � 'I !
is a m x 1 column matrix. U a rn1J

4. Order of a Matrix -A matrix having m rows and n columns is ofthe order m x n. i.e. consisting ofm rows
and n columns is denoted by A = [ai) mxn·
5. Square Matrix -Ifm = n, i.e. ifthe number ofrows and columns ofa matrix are equal, say n, then it is called
a square matrix oforder n.
6. Null or Zero Matrix -Ifall the elements ofa matrix are equal to zero, then it is called a null matrix and is
denoted by om x n or 0.
7. Diagonal Matrix-A square matrix, in which all its elements are zero except those in the leading diagonal is
called a diagonal matrix, thus in a diagonal matrix, aii = 0, ifi j, e.g. the diagonal matrices oforder 2 and 3
*
!K l 0 l IK1 0 0 l
arel , O K O
L 0 K2J IIL O O K jI
2

Scalar Matrix -A square matrix in which all the diagonal element are equal and all other elements equal to
3
8.

�1
zero is called a scalar matrix.

i.e. in a scalamatrixa,, �kfo,i �j and a,,� 0 fod *i. Tims[} ; is a scalar matrix.
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