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Complex Numbers

The document outlines the topic of complex numbers in advance engineering mathematics for mechanical engineering, covering definitions, operations, and forms of complex numbers. It explains the relationship between real and complex number systems and introduces polar and exponential forms. Additionally, it includes arithmetic operations and applications of De Moivre’s Theorem with examples and activities for practice.

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26 views16 pages

Complex Numbers

The document outlines the topic of complex numbers in advance engineering mathematics for mechanical engineering, covering definitions, operations, and forms of complex numbers. It explains the relationship between real and complex number systems and introduces polar and exponential forms. Additionally, it includes arithmetic operations and applications of De Moivre’s Theorem with examples and activities for practice.

Uploaded by

Abe-abe Angel Grace
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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ADVANCE ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS FOR

MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

COMPLEX
NUMBERS
Prepared and Presented by: Engr. Reyvencer T. Reyes
TOPIC OUTLINE:
Introduction Arithmetic Geometric Modulus of Polar Form of
• Definitions Interpretation of
Operations Complex Complex
• Terminology
• Addition and Complex Numbers Numbers
• Complex Numbers
Subtraction Numbers • Real Axis
Systems
• Multiplication • Complex • Imaginary Axis
• Division (Complex Number Plane • Origin
Conjugate) • Modulus
• Argument
1 The Real Number Systems
• The counting numbers 1, 2, 3, are called natural numbers. A basic assumption
here is that for every such number n there is a successor n + 1.
• The counting numbers, including zero and their negatives comprise the set of
integers.
• A rational number is one that can be expressed as the quotient of two integers.
(Example: 2/3 , 7/11, 6, 1, -3/5, 0.454545= 909/2000...)

• An irrational number is one that cannot be expressed as the quotient of two


integers. (Example: √2 , π , ∛-7 ...)
• The set of all rational numbers (which includes the integers) and the irrational
numbers form the set of real numbers.
1 The Complex Number Systems
Complex numbers are numbers that extend the real number system to include a new
2
element, denoted as i, where i = -1. The general form of a complex number is written as
a+bi, where a and b are real numbers, and i is the imaginary unit. In this expression:

• The term a is called the real part of the complex number.


• The term b is called the imaginary part of the complex number.
• The symbol i represents the imaginary unit.

Complex numbers can be added, subtracted, multiplied, and divided, just like real numbers.
The set of complex numbers is denoted by z. The real numbers are a subset of the
complex numbers (where the imaginary part is zero), so every real number is also a
complex number.
1 The Complex Number Systems
2 Complex Number Polar Form

b z = a + bi

a
2 Complex Number Polar Form

Rectangular Form: z= x+yi


Trigonometric Form: z= r (cosθ+i sinθ)
Polar Form: z= r ∠ θ
Exponential Form: z= re iθ
2 Complex Number Polar Form
Rectangular to Trigonometric Form Conversion
3 Arithmetic Operations
Addition and Subtraction of Complex Number
3 Arithmetic Operations
Multiplication Division
3 Arithmetic Operations
Multiplication Division
3 Arithmetic Operations
4 De Moivre’s Theorem

KINDLY STUDY CONTENTS OF How to Use De Moivre’s Theorem to Find Powers


THE ATTACHED LINK: of Complex Numbers – mathsathome.com
4 De Moivre’s Theorem
Example 1: Example 2:
ACTIVITY NO. 3: ARITHMETIC OPERATIONS OF COMPLEX NUMBERS
1. Evaluate the following, express answer in cartesian form (a+bi):

2. Solve the following using quadratic equation formula, express you r answer in (a+bi):

3. Evaluate the following, express answer in cartesian form (a+bi)

4. Evaluate the following by first converting to exponential form, express answer in cartesian form (a+bi):

5.Find every complex root of the following, express you r answer in (a+bi):
5 Advance Mathematics Calendar

Q2 Q2 D2 D2 D3 D3 M M
A3 A3
Q3 Q3 M M M M
PIT PIT

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