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Physics Classroom Phase Change Activity

The document outlines an interactive physics experiment focused on the phase changes of water as heat is added, starting from ice at -100°C. It includes tables for recording temperature data, comparing the three phases of matter, and analyzing the effects of heat on particle movement and intermolecular forces. Additionally, it poses analysis questions and instructions for plotting a heating curve to visualize the phase transitions.
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
39 views3 pages

Physics Classroom Phase Change Activity

The document outlines an interactive physics experiment focused on the phase changes of water as heat is added, starting from ice at -100°C. It includes tables for recording temperature data, comparing the three phases of matter, and analyzing the effects of heat on particle movement and intermolecular forces. Additionally, it poses analysis questions and instructions for plotting a heating curve to visualize the phase transitions.
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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From The Physics Classroom’s Interactive Section http://www.physicsclassroom.

com

Phase Change
Purpose:
To describe how a sample of water, starting as ice at -100°C, behaves at the particle and
the macroscopic level as heat is added to it at a constant rate.
Directions:
Record the temperature every 10 seconds. Make observations of the degree of structure,
the particle movement, and the intermolecular forces for the three phases of matter and for
the two phase transitions. Use the data to answer the questions in the Analysis section.

Table 1: Comparing the Three Phases of Matter


Degree of Particle Intermolecular Temp. ∆
Structure (Circle) Movement (Circle) Forces (Circle) (Record values)
Rapid random motion
Solid High Medium None Jiggle about fixed pos’n High Medium None -100°C to ____°C
Vibrate and move about
Rapid random motion
Liquid High Medium None Jiggle about fixed pos’n High Medium None ____°C to ____°C
Vibrate and move about
Rapid random motion
Gas High Medium None Jiggle about fixed pos’n High Medium None ____°C to ____°C
Vibrate and move about

Table 2: Comparing Melting and Boiling


Movement IM Forces Temp. Changing?
___________ with time ___________ with time
Melting Circle: Yes No
Circle: Increasing, Decreasing Circle: Increasing, Decreasing

___________ with time ___________ with time


Boiling Circle: Yes No
Circle: Increasing, Decreasing Circle: Increasing, Decreasing

Table 3: Temperature-Time Data


Time Temp Time Temp Time Temp Time Temp
(s) (°C) (s) (°C) (s) (°C) (s) (°C)
0 -100 80 160 240

10 90 170 250

20 100 180 260

30 110 190 270

40 120 200 280

50 130 210 290

60 140 220 300

70 150 230 310

©The Physics Classroom. If found on another website or portal that isn’t password protected, report at physicsclassroom.com/copyright.
From The Physics Classroom’s Physics Interactive http://www.physicsclassroom.com

Analysis Questions:
1. Identify the phase of matter – solid, liquid, or gas – that …
a. … has the greatest amount of structure:
b. … has the greatest amount of random motion of particles:
c. … changes its temperature at the lowest rate:
d. … has a shape that is independent of the container:
e. … has no intermolecular forces:
f. … has the strongest intermolecular forces:
g. … has a shape and volume determined by the container:
h. … the particles occupy the entire volume of the container:
i. … the particles are close together but without any organization:

2. Consider the Particle Diagrams A, B, and C. Match each to the phase of matter.

Phase ®

3. TRUE or FALSE:
Adding heat to water always causes its temperature to increase.
If false, describe the evidence from the lab that refutes the statement.

©The Physics Classroom. If found on another website or portal that isn’t password protected, report at physicsclassroom.com/copyright.
From The Physics Classroom’s Interactive Section http://www.physicsclassroom.com

4. Use data Table 3 to plot the temperature as a function of time. Draw five distinct,
connecting lines on the graph with clear end points. We refer to this as a heating curve.

5. Place the following labels on the five distinct lines of the above graph to show the three
phases and the two phase transitions: solid liquid gas melting boiling

6. Complete these two sentences:


The phase changes are represented by _________________ (horizontal, sloped) lines.
The temperature changes are represented by _________________ (horizontal, sloped)
lines.

7. Circle the answers: What does the added heat do to water when the temperature is …
a. - 30°C? Change the temperature Weaken IM Forces Both of these
b. 0°C Change the temperature Weaken IM Forces Both of these
c. 40°C Change the temperature Weaken IM Forces Both of these
d. 100°C Change the temperature Weaken IM Forces Both of these
e. 140°C Change the temperature Weaken IM Forces Both of these

©The Physics Classroom. If found on another website or portal that isn’t password protected, report at physicsclassroom.com/copyright.

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