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Operating_System_Notes

An operating system (OS) is system software that manages computer hardware and provides services for programs, acting as an intermediary between users and hardware. Key functions include process management, memory management, file system management, device management, and security. Types of OS include batch, time-sharing, distributed, real-time, and mobile, with popular examples being Windows, Linux, macOS, and Unix.

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6 views

Operating_System_Notes

An operating system (OS) is system software that manages computer hardware and provides services for programs, acting as an intermediary between users and hardware. Key functions include process management, memory management, file system management, device management, and security. Types of OS include batch, time-sharing, distributed, real-time, and mobile, with popular examples being Windows, Linux, macOS, and Unix.

Uploaded by

poizagejela-1227
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Operating System - Notes

Definition

An operating system (OS) is system software that manages computer hardware, software, and

resources, and provides common services for computer programs. It acts as an intermediary

between users and the computer hardware.

Functions

1. Process Management: Controls execution of programs and multitasking.

2. Memory Management: Allocates memory to processes and manages virtual memory.

3. File System Management: Manages file storage, retrieval, and organization.

4. Device Management: Handles communication with hardware devices through drivers.

5. Security & Access Control: Protects data from unauthorized access.

Types of Operating Systems

1. Batch OS: Executes batches of tasks without user interaction.

2. Time-Sharing OS: Allows multiple users to use system resources concurrently.

3. Distributed OS: Manages multiple systems as a single cohesive system.

4. Real-Time OS: Processes tasks within strict time constraints (used in embedded systems).

5. Mobile OS: Designed for smartphones and tablets (e.g., Android, iOS).

Basics of Popular Operating Systems

1. Windows: User-friendly with GUI, widely used for personal and business tasks.

2. Linux: Open-source, versatile, and highly secure OS.

3. macOS: Developed by Apple for Mac computers, known for its reliability and sleek interface.

4. Unix: Multi-user and multitasking OS, often used in servers and mainframes.

User Interface
1. Graphical User Interface (GUI): Interaction through graphical elements like icons, windows, and

menus.

2. Command-Line Interface (CLI): Interaction using typed commands.

Exploring Computer

1. Icons: Graphical representations of files, applications, or commands.

2. Taskbar: A toolbar in OS to access programs, notifications, and system controls.

3. Desktop: The primary workspace in a GUI-based OS.

Using Menu and Menu Selection

Navigation through hierarchical menus to access applications and settings.

Managing Files and Folders

1. Files: Store data; can be documents, images, or executable programs.

2. Folders: Organize files hierarchically for easy access and management.

Control Panel (Display Properties)

Adjust screen resolution, wallpaper, themes, and monitor settings.

Add/Remove Software and Hardware

1. Use tools like 'Add/Remove Programs' in Windows or package managers in Linux for software.

2. Install hardware drivers or plug-and-play devices.

Common Utilities

1. Disk Cleanup: Removes unnecessary files to free up space.

2. Defragmentation: Optimizes file storage on hard drives.

3. Backup Tools: Create copies of important data.

4. Task Manager: Monitors and manages running processes and performance.

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