1.

Independent sample T-Test

Group Statistics

gender N Mean Std. Deviation Std. Error Mean

Female 64 102.03 13.896 1.737

total
Male 41 98.29 17.196 2.686

 Descriptive statistics
- The mean score of female is slightly higher than that of male.

Independent Samples Test

Levene's Test for Equality of Variances t-test for Equality of Means

F Sig. t df Sig. (2-tailed) Mean Difference Std. Error 95% Confidence Interval of the
Difference Difference

Lower Upper

Equal variances assumed 2.019 .158 1.224 103 .224 3.739 3.053 -2.317 9.794
total
Equal variances not assumed 1.169 72.421 .246 3.739 3.198 -2.637 10.114

The first step we read the Levene's Test for Equality of Variances, so the second one we focus on t-test for Equality of Means.

- H0: The variances of the groups female and male are equal (homogeneity of variance).
- H1: The variances of the groups are not equal (heterogeneity of variance).
- Sig. of the test F = 0.158 > 0.05 the variances of the two groups are not different => use the t-test for Equality of Means result in the line Equal variances
assumed.
- Sig. = 0.224 > 0.05, so it is concluded that there is no significant difference in means of the variable “total” between 2 groups (Female and male) (Không có
sự khác nhau có ý nghĩa thống kê về giá trị trung bình của biến total giữa 2 nhóm nam và nữ).

NOTE: Sig.=Significant=p-value: ý nghĩa thống kê

 Group Statistics

gender N Mean Std. Deviation Std. Error Mean

Female 64 2.8967 .74622 .09328

gpa
Male 41 2.5949 .76346 .11923

 Descriptive statistics
- The mean GPA score of female is slightly higher than that of male.

Independent Samples Test

Levene's Test for Equality of Variances t-test for Equality of Means

F Sig. t df Sig. (2-tailed) Mean Difference Std. Error 95% Confidence Interval of the
Difference Difference

Lower Upper

Equal variances assumed .331 .566 2.004 103 .048 .30184 .15062 .00312 .60056
gpa
Equal variances not assumed 1.994 83.974 .049 .30184 .15138 .00080 .60288

The first step we read the Levene's Test for Equality of Variances, and the second step we focus on t-test for Equality of Means.

- H0: The variances of the groups female and male are equal (homogeneity of variance).
- H1: The variances of the groups are not equal (heterogeneity of variance).
- Sig. of the test F = 0.566 > 0.05 => the variances of the two groups (Female and male) are not different => use the t-test for Equality of Means result in the
line Equal variances assumed.

- H0: There is no difference between the means of the two groups.

- H1: The means of the two groups are not equal.
- Sig. = 0.048 < 0.05, so it is concluded that there is a significant difference in means of the variable “gpa” between 2 groups (Female and male) (Có sự khác
nhau có ý nghĩa thống kê về giá trị trung bình của biến gpa giữa 2 nhóm nam và nữ).
 2. Paired-samples t-test

Paired Samples Statistics

Mean N Std. Deviation Std. Error Mean

quiz1 7.47 105 2.481 .242

Pair 1
quiz2 7.98 105 1.623 .158

- The mean of score of quiz 1 is slightly lower than that of male.

Paired Samples Correlations

N Correlation Sig.

Pair 1 quiz1 & quiz2 105 .673 .000

Paired Samples Test

Paired Differences t df Sig. (2-tailed)

Mean Std. Deviation Std. Error Mean 95% Confidence Interval of the
Difference

Lower Upper

Pair 1 quiz1 - quiz2 -.514 1.835 .179 -.869 -.159 -2.872 104 .005

- H0: There is no difference between the means of the two groups.

- H1: The means of the two groups are not equal.
- Sig. = 0.005 < 0.05, so it is concluded that there is a significant difference in means of the two quizzes (quiz1 and quiz2). In other words, the mean score on
the second quiz (M = 7.98) was significantly greater than the mean score on the first quiz (M = 7.47).