COLUMBAN COLLEGE, INC.

SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, ENGINEERING AND MATHEMATICS

PHYSIOLOGICALLY-CHALLENGED LEARNERS AND

THE WAYS THEY COPE WITH THEIR ACADEMIC LIFE

By

JHAY-R WILLIAM A. CASTROVERDE

DANICA LHENE E. CRUZ
DERRICK LANCE A. FERNANDO
CHLOE REYANNE F. FILIO
KEANNU JADE B. FORDAN
PAMELA ANNE E. OCAMPO

A Qualitative Research Proposal

Submitted in Partial Fulfilment
Of the Course Requirements in
Practical Research 1

Columban College, Inc. Main

August 2019
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Chapter 1

THE PROBLEM AND ITS SETTING

INTRODUCTION

Background of the Study

Students usually have their ups and downs, but if they are the one of the

fifteen percent of the world’s population that lives with some forms of disability,

then it is completely different (World Health Organization).

Disability, as defined by International Classification of Functioning (ICF), is

a limitation in functioning domain that arises from the interaction between person’s

intrinsic capacity; environmental and personal factors. In simple words, it acts like a

barrier that prevents a person to be at its natural functioning state that is the reason

of all the countries, governments, associations and groups make steps to improve the

system for those young minds that have some forms of disability and make them feel

much safe. But some times it is not enough, so that is why those students themselves

have to form some kind of strategy for them to overcome and achieve their

potentials. “Disability need not to be an obstacle to success.” (Stephen William

Hawking).

The Association of South East Asia Nations (ASEAN) is doing their best in

making sure that the students with disabilities receive a quality education. Southeast

Asian countries have taken different measures towards Education Department.

Despite all, that is still not enough. It is lacking of academic and social teaching

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strategies. Also, there are not enough teachers and staff that have appropriate

training and knowledge on dealing with students with disabilities (Brown and Bell,

2014).

Parents and families have the main responsibility to support the child with

their education (Brown and Bell, 2014). Students can also help themselves through

adaptation, initiating social relationships with other students and developing some

strategies from their appearance (Khann V. Tran, 2014).

The findings confirm that persons with disabilities are among populations

most likely to suffer in educational access and learning outcomes rather than

ordinary people. This examines educational disparities linked to disability based on

data from UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS) 2018 paper Education and

Disability: Analysis of Data from 49 Countries. In addition, women with disabilities,

unlike men are often less likely to reap the benefits of education.

In the Philippines, DepEd ensures inclusive education for learners with

special needs. Through having special education (SPED) programs where a total

648 recognized Sped centers and regular schools offering the program—471 caters

elementary students and 177 caters in high school students which continues to

provide the necessary education interventions for learners with certain

exceptionalities.

Numerous studies regarding to students with disability had already

conducted from these past years. Some study shows the advantages and

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disadvantages of experiences of SWD in schools (Tran, 2014). Another study from

Toby Tomlinson Baker 2018 proven that the performance of SWD in school are

affected by the parents and family depending on their situations. Every research help

establish an environment where students with disability can live safe and help to

achieve their dreams. Providing everyone the information about the strategies that

the SWD are using to cope in school and understand how SWD properly dealing

with their academic life.

Students with disabilities struggle in school in different ways which makes

the road to their dreams harder. Despite of their situation, most of them achieve

amazing heights and goals that catches the interest of the researchers to know how

they do everything in school, including how they adjust and accommodate

themselves upon different situations on school, good or bad. This study will explore

about the different ways these remarkable individuals cope with their academic

lives.

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Research Locale

Columban College Incorporated was established in 1961 to serve the needs

of the people of Olongapo City. Today, it has transformed into an educational

institution with the aim to produce professionals who are Christ-centered and service

oriented.

The research was conducted at Columban College, Inc. since the chosen

participants are students of the school.

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Figure 1. The location of Columban College Asinan Campus

Conceptual Framework

Profile of
INPUT
Participants

Research
Problems

PROCESS
In – depth
Interviews

OUTPUT
Perceptions about
the issue

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Figure 2. Paradigm of the Research Process

In the Figure 2, it describes the conceptual framework of the process of the

study where in the input that consist of the profile of participants; age, sex, grade,

section, and the research problem. The process being used is through in-depth

interviewing. On the output is the ways of students with learning disabilities cope up

with their academic life, problems of the students that they encounter that relates on

their learning disability, and the contribution of these strategies to the development

of teaching methods in different institutions in the community.

Statement of the Problem

At the end of this study, the researchers target to determine specific problems and

how certain people overcome these situations also aims to attain ways on how to

cope up and deal with these problems which are expecting to get the answers to

these questions:

1. What are the problems they encounter that relates on learning disabilities?

2. How do students with learning disabilities cope with their academic life?

3. How can the strategies of the students with learning disabilities contribute to

the development of teaching methods of different institutions in the

community?

Assumptions

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1. The problems encounter that relates on learning disabilities are leading to the

full acceptance and integration of the disability with the self-image, namely

avoidance.

2. The distinct way for students with learning disabilities to cope up with

academic life is self-adjustment, in spite of challenging and threatening

circumstances.

3. The strategies of the students with learning disabilities contribute to the

development of teaching methods by

Scope and Limitations

The study focuses in how Physiologically-Challenged learners in Columban

College, Inc. Main-Campus – Asinan, specifically some selected students coming

from The Technical-Vocational and Livelihood (TVL) Strand, cope up with their

academic life. The study will not cover other problems that are not experienced by

the participants as their learning disability. Also, other students which do not fall

under other strands in Columban College, Inc. are not within the scope of this

research. The study would be done through the conduct of in-depth interviews to

students. By this strategy, the researchers will be able to identify the different

strategies of Physiologically-Challenged learners in coping with academic life. This

research will be run from July until October 2019.

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Significance of the Study

This study will benefit the following:

a.) Students with Learning Disabilities – This study may serve as a guide for

students who have experienced the mentioned topic. They can apply the ways of

other Physiologically Challenged learners in their daily lives.

b.) Teachers – The given data may help the teachers to furthermore improve their

teaching skills if they will encounter the same situation in their class.

c.) Parents – It will help the parents to teach their children the ways of other

physiologically challenged learners. It will also help them to gain some peace of

mind because if it will improve the teaching skills of teachers then they can rest

assure that their children is coping up in his/her studies.

d.) Other students – It will give them information and knowledge about the

mentioned topic and apply it by helping their classmates that is physiologically

challenged or someone that they know.

e.) Schools – It will give them information and idea on how to furthermore improve

their facilities and learning materials for student with learning disabilities.

f.) Other researchers – This study may serve as a reference for other researchers

that study in the same field of the study.

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Definition of Terms

Some of the terms are defined as they were used to this study for better

understanding of this research paper.

Disability - It is a physical or mental condition that limits a person's movements,

senses, or activities.

Physiologically - It is a way that relates to the functions of living organisms and

their parts.

Challenged - Impaired or disabled in a specific respect.

SWD - It is the abbreviation of ‘Students with Disabilities’

Intrinsic - Belonging naturally; essential.

Barrier - A circumstance or obstacle that keeps people or things apart or prevents

communication or progress.

Disparity - A great difference.

Technique - A skillful or efficient way of doing or achieving something.

Institution - An organization providing residential care for people with special

needs.

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Socioeconomic - Relating to or concerned with the interaction of social and

economic factors.

Chapter 2

Review of Related Literature

Foreign Literature and Studies

A study of Access to Curriculum for Students with Disabilities at Higher

Education Institution from the National University of Lesotho shows that at their

university, they have a bunch of policies regarding to the students with disability and

a lot of them are not taken in by staffs and teachers. Furthermore, there are

restrictions in the policies of the university that limits the students with disability’s

choices. With this study, they revealed that the schools/universities need to increase

the opportunities for the students with disability so that they succeed to their

education. Policies about proper utilization of the data of the students with disability

and a department for them in a school/university could be useful for providing

acceptable support for the students with disability (Mosia P. & Phasha N. 2017).

The study of Exploration of the Academic Lives of Students with Disabilities

at South African Universities: Lecturers’ Perspective stated the lack of knowledge,

responsibility and skills in seeing to the needs of SWD are some of the problems in

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schools and universities. Enhancing this factors can lead to a massive improvements

to dealing with the students with disabilities and meeting their needs as a second

home of the students. Treating students equally should be included to the main

policies of the school or university. This concept will help SWD to cope better to

their situation and acquire opportunities for their future (Mutanga O. & Walker M.,

2017).

In the study of Concealed Population of Students with Learning Disabilities

and the Quite Advocacy of Families in Southeast Asia stated the significant factors

like the family and their socioeconomic status affects the students with disability.

The parents inside of their home have to communicate effectively about the needs

and necessities of their children. Parents need to take actions for the education of

their children and make sure that the education they deserve was met. In some

countries, children with disability are being disregarded because of the negative

mindset of the parents. A selfish reason like this need to be blotted out, because

acceptance of the way things are and adhering to the current conditions limit true

advancement and change (Baker T. 2018).

Local Literature and Studies

Department of Education in the Philippines establishes inclusive education

for children with disabilities as a viable educational alternative. The 'Silahis Centres'

("school within the school" concept) is a possible model that is presented for

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promoting and implementing of children with disabilities to be included within

regular schools throughout the Philippines (Inciong & Quijano, 2013).

A study of The Education of Children with ADHD shows that an effective

step in responding on the needs of students with ADHD have been studied by

different educational institutions. It also proposes a model program that will

guarantee the educational needs and success of students with ADHD. The program

also featured an inclusive environment and an individualized educational program

for the students who have ADHD (Manaligod, 2005).

Wordlab School is an institution that caters to students who is suffering from

dyslexia while maintaining the K-12 curriculum of Department of Education. A

thesis project is made to develop a mobile application that will help the dyslexic

students of Wordlab's Sling Class tutorial program. Flippino is a mobile application

that will help students in Grade 1 to 3 with dyslexia. The application helps the

students to recognize different letters and sight words to use in Filipino vernacular.

It also helps the students in formulating basic Filipino sentences (Bertumen,

Albornoz, Cañero, Manalo & Ramos, 2017).

Literature Synthesis

Researches indicate that SWD’s coping strategies and academic life is

influenced by many factors. According to Mosia P. et al. (2017), proper practice of

policies can open up opportunities for students with disability and help them to

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succeed to their education. Another study states that lacking in some areas of

knowledge, responsibility and skills in seeing the needs of the students of SWD are

some of the flaws of the schools and universities. Plus, treating students equally will

assist them to cope better to their situation and acquire opportunities for their future

(Mutanga O. & Walker M., 2017). Similarly, Baker T. (2018) emphasizes that the

SWD are affected by the significant factors like their family and their

socioeconomic status.

A local literature shows that an implementation of an alternative system has

been established exclusive for SWD to express the equal right for the SWD (Inciong

& Quijano, 2013). Similarly, another study proposes that a program that guarantees

the educational needs and success of student with special needs is present

(Manaligod, 2005). Today’s technology is now common and accessible to everyone.

With the use of technology, a thesis project was made for the development of a

mobile application to help those students with learning disability like dyslexia so

that they can formulate basic sentences (Bertumen, Albornoz, Cañero, Manalo &

Ramos, 2017). Students with disability are affected by these factors, but in its

different ways.

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Chapter 3

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Research Design

This part of the research paper will discuss on how the researchers gathered

the data.

The researchers used case study as the approach for this research paper. Case

study is suitable because this study focuses on learners that are challenged

physiologically.

In-depth interview was used to collect information, the researchers used this

technique to conduct intensive individual interviews where numbers of respondents

are few and research is focused on a specific objective. This technique will provide

much more relaxed information and the participants will feel more comfortable in

having a conversation.

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The data were taken through the participants through informal interview.

The collected data were analyzed in order to draw conclusions.

Population

The research participants are eight (8) students from Technical Vocational

Livelihood (TVL) strand of Columban College, Inc. - Asinan in the school year

2019-2020, who are Grade 12 students ranging in the age of 17-18 years old and

having the qualities of physiologically-challenged.

Research Instrument

The instrument used is set of semi-structured interviews made to gather

information. The interview that was used in this study was designed to obtain

information on how physiologically challenged learners in Columban College, Inc.

cope up with their academic lives. Open-ended questions will be used to give the

respondents the opportunity to give their responses and suggestions

The set of interviews will prepare by the researcher was developed by

reading reference materials and related about how physiologically challenged

learners cope up with their academic life.

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Validation of Instrument

The researchers devised questions to be answered by the subjects through

interview The devised questions went through different professionals to ascertain the

appropriateness and sensitivity of the interview questions.

Data Gathering Procedure

The researchers conducted a pre-assessment interview with students in Grade

12 to formally start and gather different reliable data. Afterwards, the researchers

made a set of questions that would help on observing and ask questions with the

participants for the study. After, a letter of request was properly secured in the

purpose conducting an interview and an observation. Data were gathered towards

the end of every interview which takes ten minutes each participant. The data were

collected and analyzed in accordance to the objectives of the study. Thus, the

strategies of SWLD was determined.

Treatment of Data

The data are categorized by similarities of the answers given by the subjects

in the interview. While the data that have no similarities whatsoever have their own

separate category. The researchers use content analysis to analyze the data. They

examine patterns that are present in the data. The researchers’ analytical and critical

thinking skills play a significant role in analyzing the data they gathered.

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https://www.unicef.org/protection/World_report_on_disability_eng.pdf

Global Partnership for Education. (n.d.). Children with disabilities Retrieved from

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fbclid=IwAR1lLVj3ZmJ4j-kMdzPlBdrQyi9_D6Ivz2sw780IcYhIvQji9ArmSpTo8ts

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8V38zLK0HOjqA

UNESCAP Organization. (2016). Disability at a glance 2015: Strengthening

Employment Prospects for Persons with Disabilities in Asia and the Pacific.

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Retrieved from https://www.unescap.org/sites/default/files/Disability%20The

%20Facts.pdf

Nishio, A. et al. (2017, July 9). Inclusive Education in Association of Southeast

Asian Nations (ASEAN): Literature Review from 1995–2015. Retrieved from

http://www.shobix.co.jp/sh/tempfiles/journal/2017/087.pdf

Brown, J., & Bell, S. (2014, June 9). Supporting young people with dyslexia in

international schools: A case study example of current provision in Southeast Asia -

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https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/1467-9604.12054?

fbclid=IwAR2bMsErPFHOpeKZYYKnsZXZiwGhcwZXjr3TjJbM5Lu5DfOJWQ7

KgLTxvvE&

Tran, K. (2014, February 20). Exploring the experience of children with disabilities

at school settings in Vietnam context. Retrieved from

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3940718/?

fbclid=IwAR1x3I7BhDTN1HSjbJrDun-

zYlCgFzWsShPB0u_6XUEHbE8ingdrIV6MLPc

UNESCO Bangkok. (2018, March 28). Education and disability: Analysis of data

for Asia-Pacific countries. Retrieved from

https://bangkok.unesco.org/content/education-and-disability-analysis-data-asia-

pacific countries?

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fbclid=IwAR3sbQZP3LvJjvOgvD3w7lwBBLuptlwUd3icBkA_HuEhTOsFVpegQH

Xy8ZI

International Foundation for Electoral Systems. (2017, December 12). Advancing

Disability Rights in Southeast Asia through Regional Network of Advocates. (n.d.).

Retrieved from https://www.ifes.org/news/advancing-disability-rights-southeast-

asia-through-regional-network-advocates?

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GQuM3U

SunStar Philippines. (2017, February 25). DepEd ensures inclusive education for

learners with special needs. Retrieved from

https://www.sunstar.com.ph/article/128141?

fbclid=IwAR3uKLv0MM4sxHxgKgHnlhiMo5P-0UbPu4qyGw9M1R9a-

rtSASfw20DOc1M

SunStar Philippines. (2018, March 21). Bill seeks to enhance access to education for

children with special needs. Retrieved from

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FdBIK9UM3v49rXq3YnN6SyPxbXCowQ_tNukQ0h3-8V38zLK0HOjqA

Malipot, M. (2018, August 13). DepEd: Special Education remains among its

'priority programs'. Retrieved from https://news.mb.com.ph/2018/08/11/deped-

special-education-remains-among-its-priority-programs/?fbclid=IwAR3-

l5pNkNIkOh8aVsJK4iUue7cRVSb3MHtusjeQjY2zPvAYwyBhibbYOM8

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Department of Health. (n.d.). Persons with Disabilities. Retrieved from

https://www.doh.gov.ph/persons-with-disabilities?

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lHyCYGDCooySN3kYx8s_eHkGPsJDfKT0m2Ga9C4Qs

NILD Philippines. (n.d.). About NILD Philippines Retrieved from

https://nildphilippines.wordpress.com/about-nild-philippines/?

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r67i3cPC8wnU7i0

Mosia, P.A. & Phasha, N. (2017, April 28). Access to curriculum for students with

disabilities at higher education institutions: How does the National University of

Lesotho fare? Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.4102/ajod.v6i0.257

Mutanga, O. & Walker, M., (2017, March 30). Exploration of the academic lives of

students with disabilities at South African universities: Lecturers’ perspectives.

Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.4102/ajod.v6i0.316

Inciong, T. & Quijano, Y. (2013, January 2). Inclusion of Children with Disabilities:

The Philippines Experience. Retrieved from

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ugSn78wkgdVFhJhkc&needAccess=true&journalCode=cape20

Manaligod, Ma. P. (n.d.). The Education of Children with ADHD. Retrieved from

https://ejournals.ph/article.php?

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id=3360&fbclid=IwAR3Zf9csMD53_RS_qq2EFCeaSt6wN_g2dDnEltu9fqeNMXY

r6EbQH6puRls

Bertumen, E., Albornoz, C., Cañero, D.R., Manalo, J. & Ramos A. (2017, July 3-5).

Flippino: A Mobile Application on Reading for the Dyslexic Students of Wordlab.

Retrieved from https://library.iated.org/view/BERTUMEN2017FLI?

fbclid=IwAR2XQGQ9WfTx3hSM7INk22SJpaJ7O_jYHe3IRjICoIpi0OMhR7Vkog

Ktm0U

Appendix A

August 23, 2019

Dr. Segundo C. Redondo, Jr.

Principal, Senior High School
Columban College, Inc.

Dear Dr. Redondo,

We, the researchers, are Grade 12 STEM students of Columban College, Inc.

and are currently doing a research study entitled: “Physiologically-Challenged

Learners and the Ways They Cope with Their Academic Life”

We humbly ask for your permission for us to conduct an interview to eight

(8) individuals who are in the age ranging from 16 to 18 students from Grade 12 of

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Technical Vocational Livelihood (TVL) strand in the school year 2019-2020 for our

study that will be held in Columban College, Inc.

Thank you for your consideration and we hope that you will be able to

fulfill our request.

Yours sincerely,

Jhay-R William A. Castroverde Danica Lhene Cruz

Derrick Lance A. Fernando Chloe Reyanne F. Filio

Keannu Jade B. Fordan Pamela Anne E. Ocampo

Endorsed by:

Approved by:

Appendix B

To whom it may concern,

The study entitled, Physiologically-Challenged Learners and the Ways They

Cope with Their Academic Life, requires a perception of particular participants.

I confirm that the researchers have explained the elements of the informed

consent to me, the participant. I know that the participation is voluntary, I may

decline to answer any or all questions and I may terminate my involvement at any

time if I choose. There will be no direct benefit to me for my participation in this

Mr. Jerome
study. Dannielle
However, we hopeS. Uy
that the information obtained from this study may help
Research Teacher Dr. Segundo Redondo Jr.
Principal - SHS

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other students by sharing this information to them and applying it on their daily

lives. Your responses to this questionnaire will be anonymous. For the purposes of

this research study, your comments will not be anonymous. Every effort will be

made by the researcher to preserve your confidentiality including the following:

 Assigning code names/numbers for participants that will be used on all

research notes and documents

 Keeping notes, interview transcriptions, and any other identifying participant

information in a locked file cabinet in the personal possession of the

researcher.

The purpose of the study is to help students with disabilities by giving them

information about the ways of other students I coping up on their academic lives.

The procedures as well as the time commitment have been well outlined which is

September of the current year.

I agree on the terms stated above

Participant Name:

Participant Signature:

The Researchers:

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Jhay-R William A. Castroverde Danica Lhene Cruz

Derrick Lance A. Fernando Chloe Reyanne F. Filio

Keannu Jade B. Fordan Pamela Anne E. Ocampo

Appendix C

A. What are the problems they encounter that relates on learning disabilities?

1. Can you describe your learning disability?

2. What do you usually feel knowing that you are special?

3. With your situation, do you encounter problems on a daily basis?

4. With your situation, what are the problems you encounter in home?

5. With your situation, what are the problems you encounter in school?

6. With your situation, what are the problems you encounter in community?

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SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, ENGINEERING AND MATHEMATICS

7. At some point in your life, did you fell like giving up on living? How did

you overcome such situation?

8. What things give you motivation and determined until now?

9. Do you find help or support with someone or something? How?

10. 10. How do you deal with stressful situations?

B. How do students with learning disabilities cope with their academic life?

1. What are your academic strengths?

2. Do having a learning disability means that you can’t learn? Why?

3. How do you cope with your problems in home?

4. How do you cope with your problems in school?

5. How do you cope with your problems in community?

6. Do you know someone who experiences the same thing? If so, do you help

each other?

7. In what learning areas do you have difficulties and problems?

8. How do you balance academic and social communities at the institution with

your priorities?

9. What do students with learning disability sees as barriers to their education?

10. Will you outgrow your learning disability? How?

C. How can the strategies of the students with learning disabilities contribute to the

development of teaching methods of different institutions in the community?

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 COLUMBAN COLLEGE, INC.
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, ENGINEERING AND MATHEMATICS

1. What do you do when school becomes difficult?

2. Does your teacher adjust so that he/she could help you? How?

3. How comfortable you are in discussing your disability with teachers?

4. Have you receive one-on-one counseling or coaching? If yes, what kind? If

not, do you plan on receiving one?

5. Does your school have teachers that are trained on such expertise dealing

with students who experience the same thing? If not, do you think that they

should why?

6. If yes, is your teacher one of them? Did it make you feel at ease? How?

7. What accommodations that you need that school provides?

8. Does your classroom lacking in facilities in terms of enabling students as

yourself study easier? If no, what the school should do to solve such

problem?

9. Do you think that the school should make a different program for students

who experience the same thing? Why?

10. How do other students understand their disability in within the context of

education?

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 COLUMBAN COLLEGE, INC.
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, ENGINEERING AND MATHEMATICS

CURRICULUM VITAE

Ocampo, Pamela Anne E.

[email protected]
#5 Fendler St. Ext., East Tapinac, Olongapo City
0905 425 1903

Senior High Student

Chemical Engineer

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 COLUMBAN COLLEGE, INC.
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, ENGINEERING AND MATHEMATICS

Castroverde, Jhay-R William A.

[email protected]
15-B3 Dela Cruz Drive, East Tapinac, Olongapo City
0975 421 6915

Senior High Student

Mechanical Engineer

Filio, Chloe Reyeanne F.

[email protected]
#99 Genaro St., San Nicolas, Castillejos, Zambales
0927 647 1763

Senior High Student

Chemical Engineer

Fordan, Keannu Jade B.

[email protected]
Blk. 17 Narra St.,Gordon Heights, Olongapo City
0910 277 5194

Senior High Student

Electrical Engineer

Fernando, Derrick Lance A.

[email protected]
#16 Mercurio St., Mabayuan, Olongapo City
0956 955 9544
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Senior High Student
Mechanical Engineer
 COLUMBAN COLLEGE, INC.
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, ENGINEERING AND MATHEMATICS

Cruz, Danica Lhene E.

[email protected]
#8 B 15th St., West Tapinac, Olongapo City
0912 946 0677

Senior High Student

Civil Engineer

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