Running Head: Artificial Intelligence 1

Artificial Intelligence

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The Future of Life Institute is a research institute for research and organization for

outreach. The main goal of the Future of Life Institute is the development of techniques for the

mitigation of the existential risks which may face human beings due to the usage of artificial

intelligence which is advanced. The primary goals of this The Future of Life Institute include the

following: catalyzing and supporting research as well as initiatives aimed at the safeguarding of

human life, the development of visions for the future which are optimistic, inclusive of the

positive mannerisms for the human in working with the new technologies despite the challenges

(Lu, Wirtz, Kunz, Paluch, Martins & Patterson, 2020). Although technological advancement has

resulted to the easing in the manner of doing things, a lot of concern has been raised by different

scholars, for instance, Elton Musk and Stephen Hawking.

With the assumed possibility of artificial intelligence taking over, it has been

recommended that human beings ought for the establishment and maintaintenance of careful

oversight of the tasks performed by robots. This can be done by development and initiation of

“safe interruptibility”. Based on research which was conducted by the researchers of the EPFL,

the only way humans can ensure careful oversight is by interrupting the learning processes of the

artificial intelligence, when need be while at the same time ensuring that these interruptions do

not alter the learning of these machines. There should be adding of “forgetting” mechanism

during the learning of the algorithms by the robots which is crucial for the deletion of bits of the

memory (Cabrall, Eriksson, Dreger, Happee & de Winter, 2019). Simply, there can be the

alteration of the learning of the robots and ensuring that the system of reward is not affected.

The other way of ensuring careful oversight by human beings with regard to the works of

robots is by mutual backup. Just like in a group, for the effectiveness of the group every member
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plays a role, with the others giving support where necessary. Similarly, robots and the artificial

intelligence need to understand how they are interrelated in the different parts and the best way

of working together for effectiveness and efficiency. Due to the inevitability of technological

innovation and advancements, humans and robots should be taught on how to interact and work

together by avoiding the autonomy of the robots (Perkins, Aronson, Morgan, Bleser, Vogt,

Copeland & Gilman, 2020). There should be establishment of effective techniques for interaction

as well as communication.

Validity of the assertions given by individuals such as Musk and Hawking is based on

tangible evidence that is associated with the artificial intelligence and other technological

advancements and innovations. According to the ideologies presented by these three, there will

be total distribution of the human by robots. Based on the information presented, there is the

ethical dilemma of the replacement of moral responsibilities on the robots, which calls in for the

need of preventive inclusive of safety measures for the fail-safe or the risks that could be

realized. Involvement and the adoptions of artificial intelligence in firms and organizations has

caused rampant increment in cases of unemployment, with uncertainties of what will result in to

world crisis of unemployment (Felten, Raj & Seamans, 2019, July). Inevitability of automation

shows that there should be development of techniques and methodologies for addressing the

issues of unemployment. Therefore, the validity of the claims of Elon Musk, Stephen Hawking

and Bill Gates are based on the destructive implications of the artificial intelligence.

Public should be well-informed of the ethical issues and implications that are attributed

and associated with technological advancement. For instance, the question of robots rights. Most

of the researchers have been wondering on how humane treatment of the artificial intelligence
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should be defined. Additionally, the public should be informed about the issues of

unemployment, security (protection of the artificial intelligence from adversaries), possibility of

bias and humanity in terms of AI affecting the way people behave and interact.
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References

Cabrall, C. D., Eriksson, A., Dreger, F., Happee, R., & de Winter, J. (2019). How to keep drivers

engaged while supervising driving automation? A literature survey and categorisation of

six solution areas. Theoretical issues in ergonomics science, 20(3), 332-365.

Felten, E., Raj, M., & Seamans, R. C. (2019, July). The Effect of Artificial Intelligence on

Human Labor: An Ability-Based Approach. In Academy of Management

Proceedings (Vol. 2019, No. 1, p. 15784). Briarcliff Manor, NY 10510: Academy of

Management.

Lu, V. N., Wirtz, J., Kunz, W., Paluch, S. G., T Martins, A., & Patterson, P. (2020). Service

robots, customers, and service employees: what can we learn from the academic literature

and where are the gaps?. Journal of Service Theory and Practice.

Perkins, D. F., Aronson, K. R., Morgan, N. R., Bleser, J. A., Vogt, D., Copeland, L. A., &

Gilman, C. (2020). Veterans’ use of programs and services as they transition to civilian

life: Baseline assessment for the veteran metrics initiative. Journal of Social Service

Research, 46(2), 241-255.