Probability-XIth

1. On her vacations Veena visits four cities A, B, C and D in a random order. What is the
probability that she visits.
(i) A before B? (ii) A before B and B before C?
(iii) A first and B last? (iv) A either first or second? (v) A just before B?
2. An urn contains 9 red, 7 white and 4 black balls. If two balls are drawn at random, find the
probability that:
(i) both the balls are red, (ii) one ball is white
(iii) the balls are of the same colour (iv) one is white and other red.
3. A box contains 10 red marbles, 20 blue marbles and 30 green marbles. 5 marbles are drawn
from the box, what is the probability that (i) all will be blue? (ii) at least one will be green?
4. A word consists of 9 letters; 5 consonants and 4 vowels. Three letters are chosen at random.
What is the probability that more than one vowel will be selected?
5. A bag contains 50 tickets numbered 1, 2, 3,... 50 of which five are drawn at random and
arranged in ascending order of magnitude (x1 < x2 < x3 < x4 < x5). Find the probability that x3
= 30.
6. A box contains 10 bulbs, of which just three are defective. If a random sample of five bulbs is
drawn, find the probabilities that the sample contains:
(i) exactly one defective bulb, (ii) exactly two defective bulbs, (iii) no defective bulbs.
7. A bag contains tickets numbered 1 to 30. Three tickets are drawn at random from the bag.
What is the probability that the maximum number of the selected tickets exceeds 25?
8. Twelve balls are distributed among three boxes, find the probability that the first box will
contain three balls.
9. Find the probability that the birth days of six different persons will fall in exactly two
calender months.
10. Find the probability that when a hand of 7 cards is dealt from a well-shuffled deck of 52
cards, it contains:
(i)all 4 kings (ii) exactly 3 kings (iii) at least 3 kings.
11. What is the probability that in a group of
i. 2 people, both will have the same birth-day?
ii. 3 people, at least two will have the same birth-day?
12. Five persons entered the lift cabin on the ground floor of an 8-floor house. Suppose that each
of them independently and with equal probability can leave the cabin at any floor beginning
with the first. Find out the probability of all five persons leaving at different floors.
13. If n persons are seated on a round table, what is the probability that two named individuals
will be neighbours?
14. In a lot of 12 Microwave ovens, there are 3 defective units. A person has ordered 4 of these
units and since each is identically packed, the selection will be random. What is the
probability that (i) all 4 units are good. (ii) exactly 3 units are good (iii) at least 2 units are
good.
15. In a relay race there are five teams A, B, C, D and E.
(i) What is the probability that A, B and C finish first, second and third respectively.
(ii) What is the probability that A, B and C are first three to finish (in any order).
16. A card is drawn from an ordinary pack of 52 cards and a gambler bets that, it is a spade or an
ace. What are the odds against his winning this bet?
 Probability-XIth

17. A and B are two non-mutually exclusive events. If' P (A) = , P(B)= and P(A  B) =
find the values of P (A  B) and P(A  ).
18. The probability that at least one of the events A and B occurs is 0.6. If A and B occur
simultaneously with probability 0.2, then find P( ) + P ( ).
19. A, B, C are events such that P(A) = 0.3, P(B) = 0.4, P(C) = 0.8, P(A  B) = 0.08, P (A  C)
= 0,28, P(A  B  C) = 0.09. If P (A  B  C) > 0.75, then show that P(B  C) lies in the
interval (0.23,0.48).
20. The probability of two events A and B are 0.25 and 0.50 respectively. The probability of their
simultaneous occurrence is 0.14. Find the probability that neither A nor B occurs.
21. A drawer contains 50 bolts and 150 nuts. Half of the bolts and half of the nuts are rusted. If
one item is chosen at random, what is the probability that it is rusted or a bolts?
22. In an essay competition, the odds in favour of competitors P, Q, R, S are 1:2, 1:3, 1 : 4, and
1 : 5 respectively. Find the probability that one of them wins the competition.
23. A basket contains 20 apples and 10 oranges out of which 5 apples and 3 oranges are
defective. If a person takes out 2 at random what is the probability that either both are apples
or both are good?

24. The probability that a person will get an electric contract is and the probability that he will

not get plumbing contract is . If the probability of getting at least one contract is what is
the probability that he will get both?
25. For a post three persons A, B and C appear in the interview. The probability of A being
selected is twice that of B and the probability of B being selected is thrice that of C. What are
the individual probabilities of A, B, C being selected?
26. P and Q are two candidates seeking admission in I.I.T. The probability that P is selected is
0,5 and the probability that both P and Q are selected is at most 0.3. Prove that the probability
of Q being selected is at most 0.8.
27. The probability that a person visiting a dentist will have his teeth cleaned is 0.44, the
probability that he will have a cavity filled is 0.24. The probability that he will have his teeth
cleaned or a cavity filled is 0.60. What is the probability that a person visiting a dentist will
have his teeth cleaned and cavity filled?
28. Two students Anil and Ashima appeared in an examination. The probability that Anil will
quafity the examination is 0.05 and that Ashima wvill qualify the examination is 0.10. The
probability that both will qualify the examination is 0.02. Find the probability that:
i. both Anil and Ashima will not qualify the exam.
ii. at least one of them will not qualify the exam.
iii. only one of them will quality the exam.
29. In class XI of a school, 40% of the students study Mathematics and 30% study Biology. 10%
of the class study both Mathematics and Biology. If a student is selected at random from the
class, find the probability that he will be studying Mathematics or Biology or both.
Probability-XIth