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Image Sampling and Quantization in Digital Image and Video Processing

The document discusses image sampling and quantization, essential processes in digital image processing that convert analog images into a digital format. It explains the significance of sampling techniques, sampling rates, and quantization levels, highlighting their impact on image quality and data efficiency. Applications in various fields such as photography, video processing, and medical imaging are also noted, emphasizing the importance of understanding these concepts for optimal outcomes.

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111ECERudradeep Sen
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138 views13 pages

Image Sampling and Quantization in Digital Image and Video Processing

The document discusses image sampling and quantization, essential processes in digital image processing that convert analog images into a digital format. It explains the significance of sampling techniques, sampling rates, and quantization levels, highlighting their impact on image quality and data efficiency. Applications in various fields such as photography, video processing, and medical imaging are also noted, emphasizing the importance of understanding these concepts for optimal outcomes.

Uploaded by

111ECERudradeep Sen
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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NAME:- Rudradeep Sen

ROLL NO:- 10800321111


DEPT:- Electronics & Communication Engineering
SEM:- 7th
SUBJECT:- Digital Image and Video Processing (PE-EC 702B)
Image Sampling And Quantization In Digital
Image And Video Processing
Introduction to Image Sampling and Quantization

Image sampling and quantization are


fundamental processes in digital image
processing.

These processes convert analog images


into a digital format suitable for computer
processing.

Understanding these concepts is essential


for applications in computer vision,
graphics, and multimedia.
What is Image Sampling?

Image sampling refers to the process of


selecting discrete points from a continuous
image.

This process determines how many pixels


will represent the original image.

The resolution of an image is directly


influenced by the sampling rate used.
Sampling Techniques

There are various sampling techniques,


including uniform and non-uniform
sampling.

Uniform sampling captures points at regular


intervals, ensuring consistent pixel
distribution.

Non-uniform sampling may prioritize certain


areas of an image based on content or
features.
Importance of Sampling Rate

The sampling rate impacts the quality and


detail of the reconstructed image.

A higher sampling rate can capture more


detail but increases storage requirements.

Aliasing can occur if the sampling rate is


too low, leading to distortion in the image.
What is Quantization?

Quantization is the process of mapping a


range of continuous values to a finite range
of discrete values.

This step is crucial for converting pixel


intensity values into a format suitable for
digital storage.

Quantization reduces the amount of data,


which is vital for efficient image processing
and transmission.
Quantization Levels

The number of quantization levels


determines the precision of the pixel
values.

Common quantization levels include 8-bit,


16-bit, and 32-bit, affecting the color depth.

More quantization levels lead to higher


image fidelity but require more memory for
storage.
Quantization Error

Quantization introduces a type of error


known as quantization error or noise.

This error occurs when continuous values


are approximated to the nearest
quantization level.

Minimizing quantization error is crucial for


preserving image quality in digital
processing.
E ffects of S ampling and Quantization on Image Quality

Both sampling and quantization


significantly influence the overall quality of
the digital image.

Poor sampling can lead to loss of detail,


while aggressive quantization can cause
visible artifacts.

Understanding the trade-offs between


sampling rates and quantization levels is
essential for optimal outcomes.
Applications of S ampling and Quantization

These processes are widely used in fields


such as photography, video processing,
and medical imaging.

In video processing, efficient sampling and


quantization are key for streaming and
storage solutions.

In remote sensing, accurate sampling and


quantization are vital for analyzing satellite
images.
Conclus ion

Image sampling and quantization are


critical components of digital image and
video processing.

A proper understanding of these concepts


allows for better image quality and efficient
data handling.

Continued advancements in technology will


further enhance sampling and quantization
techniques.
References

Gonzalez, R . C., & Woods, R. E. (2018).


Digital Image Processing. Pearson.

Jain, R. (1989). Fundamentals of Digital


Image Processing. Prentice-Hall.

Castleman, K. R. (1996). Digital Image


Processing. Prentice-Hall.

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