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Boiling Point Elevation and Freezing Point Depression

The document discusses colligative properties, including vapor pressure lowering, boiling point elevation, and freezing point depression, explaining how the presence of a solute affects these properties in a solvent. It provides formulas for calculating boiling point elevation and freezing point depression based on solute concentration and includes sample problems for practical application. The document emphasizes the importance of understanding these properties in solutions.

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Oliric Fabiolas
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18 views20 pages

Boiling Point Elevation and Freezing Point Depression

The document discusses colligative properties, including vapor pressure lowering, boiling point elevation, and freezing point depression, explaining how the presence of a solute affects these properties in a solvent. It provides formulas for calculating boiling point elevation and freezing point depression based on solute concentration and includes sample problems for practical application. The document emphasizes the importance of understanding these properties in solutions.

Uploaded by

Oliric Fabiolas
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Colligative Properties Vapor Pressure Lowering


WHEN A SOLUTE IS AT THE TOP

IS LOWERED THE VAPOR PRESSURE

MOLECULES ARE PRESENT

BECAUSE FEWER SOLVENT

OF THE SOLUTION PRESENT IN A SOLVENT


Colligative Properties Vapor Pressure Lowering
WHEN A SOLUTE IS PRESENT IN A SOLVENT

THE VAPOR PRESSURE IS LOWERED

BECAUSE FEWER SOLVENT

MOLECULES ARE PRESENT AT THE TOP

OF THE SOLUTION
Colligative Properties Boiling Point Elevation
THE LOWERING OF OF THE SOLUTION

TO BE HIGHER CAUSES THE BOILING POINT

THAN PURE SOLVENT

IN A SOLUTION THE VAPOR PRESSURE


Colligative Properties Boiling Point Elevation
THE LOWERING OF THE VAPOR PRESSURE

IN A SOLUTION CAUSES THE BOILING POINT

OF THE SOLUTION TO BE HIGHER

THAN PURE SOLVENT


Colligative Properties Freezing Point Depression
THE FREEZING POINT IS DISSOLVED

DECREASES OF A SOLVENT

INTO IT WHEN ANY SOLUTE


Colligative Properties Freezing Point Depression
THE FREEZING POINT OF A SOLVENT

DECREASES WHEN ANY SOLUTE

IS DISSOLVED INTO IT
Topic: Colligative Properties

Most Essential Learning Competency


⬡ 1) Calculate boiling point elevation and freezing point
depression from the concentration of a solute in a
solution

8
Colligative Properties Boiling Point Elevation
Tb = Tb° + Tb
Tb = boiling point elevation
Tb = boiling point of solution
Tb° = boiling point of pure solvent

Tb = iKbm
Kb = molal boiling point elevation constant
m = molality of the solution
i = van’t Hoff factor
9
𝝙
𝝙
𝝙
Colligative Properties Freezing Point Depression
Tf = Tf° - Tf
Tf = freezing point depression
Tf = freezing point of solution
Tf° = freezing point of pure solvent

Tf = iKfm
Kf = molal freezing point depression constant
m = molality of the solution
i = van’t Hoff factor
10
𝝙
𝝙
𝝙
Colligative Properties Freezing Point Depression
Tf = Tf° - Tf
Tf = freezing point depression
Tf = freezing point of solution
Tf° = freezing point of pure solvent

Tf = iKfm
Kf = molal freezing point depression constant
m = molality of the solution
i = van’t Hoff factor
11
𝝙
𝝙
𝝙
Colligative Properties

12
If 152 g of sodium sulfate, Na2SO4, are
Sample Problem 1

dissolved in 875 g of H2O, what will be the (a)


the number of moles of the solute, (b) the
molality of the solution, (c) the boiling point
elevation, and (d) the boiling point of the
resulting solution? Assume 100% ionization.

13
Colligative Properties

14
Ethylene glycol (EG), CH2(OH)CH2(OH), is a
Sample Problem 2
common automobile antifreeze. It is water
soluble and fairly nonvolatile (b.p. 197°C).
Calculate the (a) the number of moles of the
solute, (b) the molality of the solution, (c) the
freezing point depression, and (d) the freezing
point of a solution containing 651 g of this
substance in 2505 g of water. The molar mass
of ethylene glycol is 62.068 g/mol.
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Colligative Properties

16
Determine the molality of a water solution if the
Sample Problem 3

boiling temperature is 104.42°C.

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Colligative Properties

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Calculate the (a) the number of moles of the
Sample Problem 4

solute, (b) the molality of the solution, (c) the


boiling point elevation, (d) the freezing point
depression, (e) the boiling point, and (f)
freezing point of a solution containing 478 g of
ethylene glycol in 3202 g of water.

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Colligative Properties Practice Problem

What will be (a) the number of moles of the


solute, (b) the molality of the solution, (c) the
boiling point elevation, (d) the freezing point
depression, (e) the boiling point, and (f)
freezing point of a solution made by dissolving
5.25 g of naphthalene (C10H8) in 100 g
benzene (C6H6)?

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