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Lab#2 - Study of Basic Logic Gates (G#9)

The document outlines a laboratory study on basic logic gates, detailing their operations, truth tables, and components used in the experiments. The objectives include understanding AND, OR, NOT, NAND, NOR, and EX-OR gates through practical experiments with a training kit and various integrated circuits. The conclusion confirms that all basic gates were successfully studied and understood.

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Waleed Ahmed
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31 views9 pages

Lab#2 - Study of Basic Logic Gates (G#9)

The document outlines a laboratory study on basic logic gates, detailing their operations, truth tables, and components used in the experiments. The objectives include understanding AND, OR, NOT, NAND, NOR, and EX-OR gates through practical experiments with a training kit and various integrated circuits. The conclusion confirms that all basic gates were successfully studied and understood.

Uploaded by

Waleed Ahmed
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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STUDY OF BASIC

GATES

LAB # 02

Fall 2022
CSE-202L
Digital Logic Design Lab

Submitted by:
AIMAL KHAN (21PWCSE1996)
AWAIS SADDIQUI (21PWCSE1993)
MOEEN BANOORI (21PWCSE2069)
Group No.: 9th
Class Section: A

“On our honor, as students of University of Engineering and Technology, we have neither
given nor received unauthorized assistance on this academic work.”

Submitted to:
Engr. Rehmat Ullah Khattak.
October 27, 2022

Department of Computer Systems Engineering


University of Engineering and Technology, Peshawar
STUDY OF BASIC GATES

Objectives:
To study basic gates. Logic gates are used to carry out logical operations on single or
multiple binary inputs and give one binary output. In simple terms, logic gates are the
electronic circuits in a digital system. Perform the three basic logic operations. Describe the
operation of and construct the truth tables for the AND, NAND, OR, and NOR gates etc.

Apparatus:
➢ Power Supply
➢ Training kit
➢ Connecting Wires.

Components:
➢ ICs
❖ 7400
❖ 7402
❖ 7404
❖ 7408
❖ 7432
❖ 7486
➢ DIP Switch
➢ LEDs.

Explanation:
Logic gates are the digital circuits with one output and one or more inputs. They are the
basic building blocks of any logic circuit. Different logic gates are: AND, OR, NOT, NAND,
NOR, EX-OR. Digital circuits have two discrete voltage levels to represent the binary digits
(bits) 1 and 0. All digital circuits are switching circuits. Instead of mechanical switches, they
use high-speed transistors to represent either an ON condition or an OFF condition. Various
types of logic, representing different technologies, are available to logic designers. The
choice of a particular family is determined by factors such as speed, cost, availability, noise
immunity, and so forth. The key requirement within each family is compatibility; that is,
there must be consistency within the logic levels and power supplies of various integrated
circuits made by different manufacturers. The experiments in this lab use primarily
transistor-transistor logic, or TTL. The detailed performance characteristics of TTL depend on
the particular subfamily. However, all TTL is designed to operate from a 5 V power supply,
and the logic levels are the same for all TTL integrated circuits.
➢ AND:
Logic eqn. Y=A.B. The output of AND gate is true (1) when the inputs A and B are
true.
➢ OR:
Logic eqn. Y=A+B. The output of OR gate is true when one of the inputs A and B or
both the inputs are true.
➢ NOT:
Logic eqn. Y = Aˉ. The output of NOT gate is complement of the input.
➢ NAND:
Logic eqn. The output of NAND gate is true when one of the inputs or both the
inputs are low.
➢ NOR:
Logical eqn. The output of NOR gate is true when both the inputs are low.
➢ EX-OR:
Logic eqn. The output of EX-OR gate is true when both the inputs are dissimilar.

PROCEDURE:
➢ Give biasing to the IC and do necessary connections.
➢ Give various combinations of inputs and note down the output with help of LED for
all gates one by one.

Truth Tables and Internal View of Gates:


Pictures of Experiment:
AND Gate:
NAND GATE:

OR GATE:
NOR GATE:

XOR GATE:
XNOR:

REVIEW QUESTIONS
1) A burglar alarm for a car has a normally LOW (grounded) switch on each of four
doors. If any door is opened, the output of that switch goes HIGH. The alarm is set
off with an active LOW output. What type of gate will provide this logic?

Answer: OR Gate
2) If more than two input AND & OR gates are available, how will you connect its
inputs so that they work as two input gates? Perform it for three and four input
AND & OR gates.
Answer:

CONCLUSION:
Thus, all basic gates are studied.

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