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^cŚŽŽů ͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘

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ƐLJƐƚĞŵ͕ ƚƌaŶƐŵiƚƚĞd Žƌ ƵƚiůiƐĞd iŶ aŶLJ ĨŽƌŵ Žƌ ďLJ aŶLJ ŵĞaŶƐ͕ ĞůĞcƚƌŽŶic Žƌ ŵĞcŚaŶicaů͕ iŶcůƵdiŶŐ
ƉŚŽƚŽcŽƉLJiŶŐ͕ ƌĞcŽƌdiŶŐ Žƌ ŽƚŚĞƌǁiƐĞ͕ ǁiƚŚŽƵƚ ƚŚĞ ƉƌiŽƌ ǁƌiƚƚĞŶ ƉĞƌŵiƐƐiŽŶ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƉƵďůiƐŚĞƌ͕ Žƌ aƐ
ĞdžƉƌĞƐƐĞd ďLJ ůaǁ͕ Žƌ ƵŶdĞƌ ƚĞƌŵƐ aŐƌĞĞd ǁiƚŚ ƚŚĞ aƉƉƌŽƉƌiaƚĞ ZĞƉƌŽŐƌaƉŚicƐ ZiŐŚƚƐ KƌŐaŶinjaƚiŽŶ;ƐͿ͘

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DicƌŽƐŽĨƚ tiŶdŽǁƐ͕ DicƌŽƐŽĨƚ tŽƌd͕ DicƌŽƐŽĨƚ EdžcĞů͕ DiccƌŽŽƐŽĨƚ WŽǁĞƌWŽiŶƚ͕ DicƌŽƐŽĨƚ AccĞƐƐ͕ ^cƌaƚcŚ͕
WŚŽƚŽƐŚŽƉ͕ AŶiŵaƚĞ͕ ^ƚLJŬnj͕ G/DW͕ WĞŶciů2D͕ FƌĞĞƉiŬ͕ GŽ Őů A/ EdžƉĞƌiŵĞŶƚƐ͕ ^DGƐ͕ Ğƚc͘ aŶd aůů ŽƚŚĞƌ ďƌaŶd
ŶaŵĞƐ͕ ƉƌŽdƵcƚ ŶaŵĞƐ͕ ƉicƚƵƌĞƐ aŶd icŽŶƐ ƵƐĞ ƐĞ iŶ ƚŚiiƐ ďŽ Ŭ aƌĞ ƚƌadĞŵaƌŬƐ͕ ƌĞŐiƐƚĞƌĞd ƚƌadĞŵaƌŬƐ Žƌ
ƚƌadĞ ŶaŵĞƐ ŽĨ ƚŚĞiƌ ƌĞƐƉĞcƚiǀĞ ŚŽůdĞƌƐ͘ dŚĞ WƵďůiƐ iƐŚĞƌ
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Ϭϭ2Ϭ−ϰϯϬϬϭϯϬ−ϯϯ͕ DŽď͗͘ ϵϱϰϬϵϵϬϭϳϳ
E−ŵaiů͗ iŶĨŽΛƉŵƉƵďůiƐŚĞƌƐ͘iŶ
hZ>͗ ǁǁǁ͘ƉŵƉƵďůiƐŚĞƌƐ͘iŶ
 PREFACE
dĞĐŚŶŽůŽŐLJ iƐ ŽŶĞ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ďiŐŐĞƐƚ caƚaůLJƐƚƐ iŶ ƚƌaŶƐĨŽƌŵiŶŐ aŶd iŵƉƌŽǀiŶŐ ĞdƵcaƚiŽŶ ƉƌŽcĞƐƐ ǁŚiůĞ
ƉůaLJiŶŐ a ǀiƚaů ƌŽůĞ iŶ ƚŚĞ ƉƌŽŐƌĞƐƐ ŽĨ a cŽƵŶƚƌLJ͘ AƐ ǁĞ ŬŶŽǁ͕ ƚŚĞ ǁŽƌůd iƐ cŚaŶŐiŶŐ aƚ a ĨaƐƚ ƉacĞ aŶd
ƐŽ iƐ ƚŚĞ ƚĞcŚŶŽůŽŐLJ͘ HĞŶcĞ͕ iƚ iƐ iŵƉĞƌaƚiǀĞ ĨŽƌ ƵƐ ƚŽ ŵaŬĞ ŽƵƌ ƐƚƵdĞŶƚƐ ŵaƚcŚ ƚŚiƐ ƉacĞ͕ aŶd aůƐŽ ƚŽ
ŚĞůƉ ƚŚĞŵ iŶcƵůcaƚĞ ĨƵƚƵƌiƐƚic ƐŬiůůƐ aŶd ŵiŶdƐĞƚ͘
dŽ ŵaŬĞ ƐƚƵdĞŶƚƐ ƌĞadLJ ƚŽ ĨacĞ ƚŚĞ ƵŶcĞƌƚaiŶ cŚaůůĞŶŐĞƐ aŶd ƚŽ ƐƚaLJ ƚƵŶĞd ǁiƚŚ ƚŚĞ ƵŶƉƌĞcĞdĞŶƚĞd
jŽƵƌŶĞLJ ŽĨ ƚĞcŚŶŽůŽŐLJ͕ EĂƚiŽŶĂů EĚƵĐĂƚiŽŶ WŽůiĐLJ ϮϬϮϬ ŚaƐ ƐƵŐŐĞƐƚĞd cĞƌƚaiŶ ƐŬiůůƐ ƚŚaƚ ƐŚŽƵůd ďĞ
ůĞaƌŶƚ ďLJ ƚŚĞŵ͘ dŚĞƐĞ ƐŬiůůƐ ǁiůů ŚĞůƉ ƚŚĞŵ iŶ ďĞcŽŵiŶŐ ƐƵccĞƐƐĨƵů͕ iŶŶŽǀaƚiǀĞ͕ adaƉƚaďůĞ͕ aŶd
ƉƌŽdƵcƚiǀĞ ŚƵŵaŶ ďĞiŶŐƐ iŶ ƚŚĞ ǀaƌiŽƵƐ ĨiĞůdƐ ƐƵcŚ aƐ DiŐiƚĂů >iƚĞƌĂĐLJ͕ CŽĚiŶŐ͕ CŽŵƉƵƚĂƚiŽŶĂů
dŚiŶŬiŶŐ aŶd AƌƚiĨiĐiĂů
/ŶƚĞůůiŐĞŶĐĞ iŶ ƚŚĞ ƌaƉidůLJ cŚaŶŐiŶŐ ƚĞcŚ−ƐaǀǀLJ ǁŽƌůd͘
EŶǀiƐaŐiŶŐ ƚŚĞ ƐaŵĞ ǀiƐiŽŶ ŽĨ EaƚiŽŶaů EdƵcaƚiŽŶ WŽůicLJ 2Ϭ2Ϭ͕ ǁĞ ŚaǀĞ cƌĞaƚĞd CŽĚĞBŽƚ͕ a cŽŵƉƌĞŚĞŶƐiǀĞ͕
ĞdžŚaƵƐƚiǀĞ cŽŵƉƵƚĞƌ ƐĞƌiĞƐ ĨŽƌ cůaƐƐĞƐ ϭ ƚŽ ϴ͘ dŚiƐ ƐĞƌiĞƐ iƐ ďaƐĞd ŽŶ ƚŚĞ ůaƚĞƐƚ ƐŽĨƚǁaƌĞ
ƉacŬaŐĞƐ aŶd ŽƉĞƌaƚiŶŐ ƐLJƐƚĞŵ ƐƵcŚ aƐ DiĐƌŽƐŽĨƚ KĨĨiĐĞ ϮϬϭϲ aŶd tiŶĚŽǁƐ ϭϬ͘
dŚiƐ ƐĞƌiĞƐ cŽŶƚaiŶƐ ĨiǀĞ ƐĞcƚiŽŶƐ͗
 DiŐiƚĂů >iƚĞƌĂĐLJ͗ dŚiƐ ƐĞcƚiŽŶ ǁŽƵůd diƐcĞƌŶ ƐƚƵdĞŶƚƐ ƚŚĞ ƵƐĞ ŽĨ cŽŵƉƵƚĞƌ ƚĞcŚŶŽůŽŐLJ iŶ daLJ−ƚŽ−daLJ ůiĨĞ͘
/ƚ ǁŽƵůd aůƐŽ ŚĞůƉ ƚŚĞŵ cŽŵƉƌĞŚĞŶd ƚŚĞ cŽŵƉƵƚĞƌ ƐƵďjĞcƚ aƐ a ƚŽŽů͕ ǁŚicŚ caŶ ďĞ iŶƚĞŐƌĂƚĞĚ ǁiƚŚ
ŽƚŚĞƌ ƐƵďjĞcƚƐ͘
 CŽŵƉƵƚĂƚiŽŶĂů dŚiŶŬiŶŐ͗ dŽ iŶcƵůcaƚĞ ƚŚĞ ƐŬiůůƐ ŽĨĨ ƉƌŽďůĞ Ğŵ−ƐŽůǀiŶŐ aŵŽŶŐ ƚŚĞ ƐƚƵdĞŶƚƐ͕ ǁĞ ŚaǀĞ
iŶƚƌŽdƵcĞd CŽŵƉƵƚaƚiŽŶaů dŚiŶŬiŶŐ ĨƌŽŵ cůaƐƐ ϭ ƚŽ ϱ͘ /ƚ cŽŶƐiƐƚƐ ŽĨ iŶƚĞƌĞƐƚiŶŐ aŶd ĞŶŐaŐiŶŐ acƚiǀiƚiĞƐ
ŽŶ WaƚƚĞƌŶƐ͕ DĞcŽŵƉŽƐiƚiŽŶ͕ AďƐƚƌacƚiŽŶ͕ AůŐŽƌiƚŚŵ
ŵ͕ Ğƚc͘
 CŽĚiŶŐ JƵŶĐƚiŽŶ͗ HaǀiŶŐ cŚiůdƌĞŶ ůĞaƌŶ cŽd ŶŐ aƚ aŶ Ğaƌ ƌůLJ aŐĞ ŚĞůƉƐ ƚŚĞŵ ŽƌŐaŶinjĞ ƚŚĞiƌ ƚŚiŶŬiŶŐ aŶd
ĞdžƉƌĞƐƐ ƚŚĞiƌ idĞaƐ ƚŽ cƌĞaƚĞ ƉƌŽŐƌaŵƐ ƵƐiŶŐ ƵƐ Ő ƚŚĞ cŽŵƉƵƚĞƌ͘ /ƚ ĞŵƉŽǁĞƌƐ ƚŚĞŵ ŶŽƚ ŽŶůLJ ƚŽ ƵƐĞ
ƚĞcŚŶŽůŽŐLJ͕ ďƵƚ aůƐŽ ƚŽ cƌĞaƚĞ iƚ͘ <ĞĞƉiƉiŶŐ ƚŚiƐ iŶ ŵiŶd͕͕ ǁĞ ŚaǀĞ iŶƚƌŽdƵcĞd iŶƚĞƌacƚiǀĞ ĨƵŶ−ďaƐĞd cŽdiŶŐ
ĨŽƌ aůů ůĞǀĞůƐ ƐƵcŚ aƐ ^ĐƌĂƚĐŚ JƌScratch
aŶd ĨƌŽŵ cůaƐƐ 2 ƚŽ ϱ͖ WLJƚŚŽŶ ǁiƚŚ ŐaŵiĨicaƚiŽŶ aŶd Gh/−ďaƐĞd
cŽdiŶŐ aŶd D/d AƉƉ /ŶǀĞŶƚŽƌ ĨƌŽŵ cůaƐƐ ϲ ƚŽ ϴ͘
 AƌƚiĨiĐiĂů /ŶƚĞůůiŐĞŶĐĞ ;A/Ϳ͗ <ŶŽǁůĞdŐĞ ŽĨ AƌƚiĨiciaů iŶƚĞůůiŐĞŶcĞ iƐ ďĞcŽŵiŶŐ ŵŽƌĞ aŶd ŵŽƌĞ
iŵƉŽƌƚaŶƚ aƐ ƚŚĞ ƐƚƵdĞŶƚƐ ŚaǀĞ ƚŽ ďĞ A/−ƌĞadLJ ĨŽƌ ƚŚĞ Ğ ƉƌĞƐĞŶƚ aŶd ĨƵƚƵƌĞ͘ dŚĞƌĞĨŽƌĞ͕ ǁĞ ŚaǀĞ
iŶƚƌŽdƵcĞd A/ ĨƌŽŵ cůaƐƐ ϭ ŽŶǁaƌdƐ iŶ a ĨƵŶ aŶd ĞŶŐaŐiŶŐ ŵaŶŶĞƌ͘
 CLJďĞƌ ZŽŶĞ͗ dŚiƐ ƐĞcƚiŽŶ cŽǀĞƌƐ /ŶƚĞƌŶĞƚ ůiƚĞƌacLJ aŶd ƚŚƌŽǁƐ ůiŐŚƚ ŽŶ iƐƐƵĞƐ ƐƵcŚ aƐ ĐLJďĞƌĐƌiŵĞƐ aŶd
ĐLJďĞƌ ƐĞĐƵƌiƚLJ͕ ƚŚĞƌĞďLJ ĞŶcŽƵƌaŐiŶŐ ƐƚƵdĞŶƚƐ ƚŽ ďĞ ŐŽŽd diŐiƚaů ciƚinjĞŶƐ͘
dŽ ƉƌŽdƵcĞ a ǀiƐƵaůůLJ aƉƉĞaůiŶŐ aŶd ĞaƐLJ ƚŽ ƵŶdĞƌƐƚaŶd Ŭ͕ ǁĞ ŚaǀĞ aƌƚĨƵůůLJ cŽŵďiŶĞd ƚŚĞ
ůaƚĞƐƚ ƚĞcŚŶŽůŽŐiĞƐ͕ ƉicƚƵƌĞƐ͕ dƌaǁiŶŐƐ aŶd ƚĞdžƚƐ iŶ ƚŚiƐ ƐĞƌiĞƐ͘ DŽƐƚ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƚŽƉicƐ iŶ ƚŚiƐ ƐĞƌiĞƐ ƐŚŽǁ a
ƐƚĞƉͲďLJͲ ƐƚĞƉ ƉĞĚĂŐŽŐLJ ǁŚicŚ ƐiŵƉůiĨiĞƐ ƚŚĞ cŽŵƉůĞdž cŽŵƉƵƚĞƌ cŽŶcĞƉƚ Ɛ͘ dŚĞ ƚĞƌŵƐ aŶd
ĞdžaŵƉůĞƐ dĞƐcƌiďĞd iŶ ƚŚiƐ ƐĞƌiĞƐ aƌĞ ƚŚŽƐĞ ǁŚicŚ ĞǀĞƌLJ ƐƚƵdĞŶƚ ǁiůů ĞŶcŽƵŶƚĞƌ ǁŚiůĞ ƵƐiŶŐ cŽŵƉƵƚĞƌƐ͘
dŽ ŵaŬĞ ƚŚĞ cŚaƉƚĞƌƐ ĞdžciƚiŶŐ͕ ƚŽƉiĐͲƌĞůĞǀĂŶƚ ƉƌŽjĞĐƚƐ ŚaǀĞ ďĞĞŶ addĞd ƚŚaƚ ĞŶcŽƵƌaŐĞ ƚŚĞ ƐƚƵdĞŶƚƐ
ƚŽ ƚƌLJ ŽƵƚ ĨŽƌ ƚŚĞŵƐĞůǀĞƐ͕ aŶd ƚŽ iŶƐƚiůů iŶ ƚŚĞŵ ƚŚĞ cŽŶĨidĞŶcĞ ďĞĨŽƌĞ ƚŚĞLJ ĞŵďaƌŬ ŽŶ ŵaŬiŶŐ ƚŚĞiƌ
ŽǁŶ ƉƌŽjĞcƚ ƵƐiŶŐ a ƉaƌƚicƵůaƌ ƐŽĨƚǁaƌĞ͘ EacŚ ƉƌŽjĞcƚ iŶ ƚŚĞ cŚaƉƚĞƌ ƉƌĞƐĞŶƚƐ Ɖƌacƚicaů ƉƌŽďůĞŵƐ aŶd
ƚŚĞiƌ cŽŵƉůĞƚĞ ƐŽůƵƚiŽŶ iŶ aŶ ĞaƐLJ−ƚŽ−ƵŶdĞƌƐƚaŶd aƉƉƌŽacŚ͘
/Ŷ Ă EƵƚƐŚĞůů ƐĞcƚiŽŶ ƐƵŵŵaƌinjĞƐ ƚŚĞ ǁŚŽůĞ cŚaƉƚĞƌ aŶd ƚŚĞ ^ĞůĨͲEǀĂůƵĂƚiŽŶ ƐĞcƚiŽŶ ĞdžaŵiŶĞƐ ƚŚĞ
ƐƚƵdĞŶƚƐ aŶd ƚŚĞiƌ ƵŶdĞƌƐƚaŶdiŶŐ ŽĨ cŚaƉƚĞƌ−ǁiƐĞ cŽŵƉƵƚĞƌ cŽŶcĞƉƚƐ͘ EdžĞƌĐiƐĞƐ aŶd AĐƚiǀiƚiĞƐ ŚaǀĞ
ďĞĞŶ iŶcůƵdĞd aƚ ƚŚĞ ĞŶd ŽĨ ĞǀĞƌLJ cŚaƉƚĞƌ ƚŽ aƐƐĞƐƐ ƚŚĞ ůĞǀĞů ŽĨ ƵŶdĞƌƐƚaŶdiŶŐ ŽĨ ƐƚƵdĞŶƚƐ͘
tĞ ǁĞůcŽŵĞ cŽŶƐƚƌƵcƚiǀĞ ƐƵŐŐĞƐƚiŽŶƐ aŶd ĨĞĞdďacŬ ƚŽ ŵaŬĞ ƚŚiƐ ƐĞƌiĞƐ ŵŽƌĞ cŽŵƉƌĞŚĞŶƐiǀĞ͕
ƌĞůĞǀaŶƚ͕ ƵƉdaƚĞd aŶd ƵƐĞĨƵů ďŽƚŚ ĨŽƌ ƚŚĞ ƚĞacŚĞƌƐ aŶd ƚŚĞ ůĞaƌŶĞƌ Ɛ͘ zŽƵ ŵaLJ ŵaiů ƵƐ aƚ
ĞdiƚŽƌΛƉŵƉƵďůiƐŚĞƌƐ͘iŶ͘

AhdHKZ
 CONTENTS
DIGI7$L LI 7 ER $ CY

Y CŽŵƉƵƚĞƌ ĂŶĚ iƚƐ CŽŵƉŽŶĞŶƚƐ ϱ

2 tiŶĚŽǁƐ KƉĞƌĂƚiŶŐ ^LJƐƚĞŵ

TERM - 1

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S WĂiŶƚ ϯD Ϯϲ

4 tŽƌĚ WƌŽĐĞƐƐŽƌ ;D^ tŽƌĚ ϮϬϭϲͿ ϯϵ

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 DIGI T$L TERM - 1
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Computer and its Components

ś After completing this chapter, you will be able to:
objECTIyE

 hŶdĞƌƐƚaŶd ƚŚĞ ŵĞaŶiŶŐ ŽĨ cŽŵƉƵƚĞƌ ƐLJƐƚĞŵ͘

 hŶdĞƌƐƚaŶd ƚŚĞ ǁŽƌŬiŶŐ ŽĨ cŽŵƉƵƚĞƌ͘
 LĞaƌŶ ƚŚĞ cŚaƌacƚĞƌiƐƚicƐ ŽĨ a cŽŵƉƵƚĞƌ͘
 IdĞŶƚiĨLJ ŚaƌdǁaƌĞ aŶd iƚƐ cŽŵƉŽŶĞŶƚƐ aŶd
ƐŽĨƚǁaƌĞ aŶd iƚƐ ƚLJƉĞƐ͘
s

Hi Friends! Welcome back again.

Now, you are in a new class. Let us
learn more about computers.

CompLW4ł S\sW4m
The word computer comes from the
ter
te m
M ‘compute’, which means to

calculate or count. A system is a c llection or combination of

components that are used together for a common task.
A computer is also called d a computer system as it is not a single
machine, but a combination of hardware and software components
that work together to perform a task.
Look at the labelled diagram of a computer system.
Processing Unit Output Device
(CPh) (DŽŶiƚŽƌ)
IT PLANET −3 (CODEBOT)

Output Device
Output Device
(PƌiŶƚĞƌ)
(^ƉĞaŬĞƌƐ)

CO
Input Device (<ĞLJďŽaƌd) MP
UTER SYSTEM ϱ
Input Device (DŽƵƐĞ)
 CompLW4ł 9ud iWs Wołkiug
A computer is an electronic device which receives the data
(input) from the user, manipulates it according to the specified rules
(process) and converts it into information or result (output).
The working of a computer is based on the following principle:
INPUT  PROCESS  OUTPUT
1. computer accepts data in the form of input.
2. It processes the data as per requirement or instructions.
3. It shows the result in the form of output.
Let us understand it with the help of an example.
4akíng oгang9 jtíc9, tsíng a jtíc9г

Oranges (Input) Juicer

ui (Processing) Orange juice (Output)
Put oranges in the juicer.
(Input)
Juicer makes juice from oranges. (Processing)
we get orange juice. (Output)
The working of a computer can also be shown in the form of a block
diagram.
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USE
R INPU DATA PRO&ESSIN INFORMATIO OUTPU
T G UNIT N T
UNIT UNIT

This is how a computer works and it is also known as IPO cycle.

Update Your Knowledge

ϲ  DĂtĂ iƐ a cŽůůĞcƚiŽŶ ŽĨ ƌaǁ͕ ƵŶŽƌŐaŶinjĞd ĨacƚƐ ƚŚaƚ iŶcůƵdĞƐ ǁŽƌdƐ͕ ŶƵŵďĞƌƐ͕ ƐŽƵŶdƐ aŶd iŵaŐĞƐ.
 Process ŵĞaŶƐ aŶ acƚiŽŶ ǁŚicŚ iƐ ƚaŬĞŶ ďLJ ƚŚĞ cŽŵƉƵƚĞƌ ŽŶ daƚa ƚŽ cŽŶǀĞƌƚ iƚ iŶƚŽ ŵĞaŶiŶŐĨƵů iŶĨŽƌŵaƚiŽŶ.
 TŚĞ ŵĞaŶiŶŐĨƵů aŶd ŽƌŐaŶinjĞd ĨŽƌŵ ŽĨ daƚa iƐ caůůĞd inĨorŵĂtion.
 C19ł9uW4łisWius ot
ACompLW4ł
computer is a powerful and useful machine. It is used in many
different fields because of the characteristics it possesses. Let us have a
look at some of these characteristics.
facJ ł4eed
SPKKD
o A computer works very fast.
o It can perform thousands of calculations in a
second.
my book
much.
I like very
much.

SYORAGK
my very
book Imy
likebook
I like
very
much.
much.
very

o The computer has a very large

my book
I like

I like
V!
my book
very storage ca
apacity.
much.

o It can s ore
e large amount of work for

M
a long
ng time.

UKRSAYILIY₹
o Versatility means is u ed at
computer
mp r
different places for differ
erent purposes.
o A computer can perform a variety of &DUWRRQ
M+ M-
RM C

7 8 9 +
_
4 5 6

1 2 3 X

. 0 = /

tasks efficiently.

100 % AKK7RAK₹
MARKS o computer works with high accuracy. IT PLANET −3 (CODEBOT)
o It cannot make mistakes on its own.
o It always gives correct answer.

DILIGKNKK
o computer can do a lot of work again and again at
the same speed without getting bored or tired. ϳ
o It can work continuously for 24 hours without
needing any rest.
 +9łdZ9ł4
All the physical equipment that are attached to a
computer are collectively called hardware. You
can touch and feel the hardware.
Hardware includes components like System
Unit, Input Devices, Processing Device,
Output Devices and Storage Devices. Hardware

S₹SYK4 7NIY
System Unit is a plastic or metal case that contains the
main components of a computer. It protects these internal
electronic components from damage. It is also called
Computer Case.
Every computer has a System Unit or Computer Case.
It is available in a variety of shapes and size
es. System

M
Unit

Tablet Case Notebook Case

Desktop Case
SyÃt٩m unit Smartphone Case
INP7Y DKUIKKS
The data or instruction we enter into the computer is called input.
A hardware component that allows you to enter data and instructions
into a computer is called an Input Device.
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Some input devices are keyboard, mouse, scanner, joystick, etc.

Keyboard Mouse Scanner Joystick

PROKKSSING DKUIKK
ϴ
After getting the data or instructions from an input device, computer
processes the data and changes it into information with the help of
processor or CPU.
KP7 (K9ntгal Pгoc9ssíng 7nít)
CPU, also known as Processor or Intel
Microprocessor, is the processing device of a i9
computer. It is also known as the brain of the
computer. cPU performs all the
calculations and processes data into information. Central Processing
O7YP7Y DKUIKKS Unit
After processing, computer shows the
final result or information as an output.
A hardware component that shows the
final result is called an Output Device.
Monitor Printer
Some output devices are monitor, printer,
speakers, etc.
Speakers
SYORAGK DKUIKKS
Storage allows you to save w ork for
your
future use. Any hardware compon n ent that is
used to store data, instructions and information
for future use is called a Device. Hard Disk Compact Disc
Storage Some storage devices disk,
are harr disc (CD), pen compact
drive, etc. Pen Drive

SotWw9ł
4
Software is a set of instructions that tells the
computer hardware what to do and how to perform a
particular task. You cannot touch or feel the software.
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There are mainly two types of software:

1. System Software 2. Application Software

S₹SYK4 SOJYVARK
System Software is a type of software that controls and ϵ
manages the overall activities of a computer system. It operates in the
background and ensures that your computer system functions properly. It
also runs the Application Software. Operating System is an example
of system software.
 Op9гatíng S7st9m
Operating System is the first software which is installed on the
computer. It acts as a bridge between the user and the
computer system. It also coordinates all the activities in the
computer. Some famous operating system software are:
Windows: windows is the most popular operating
system developed by
tindows
Microsoft.
Mac OS: Mac OS is operating system developed by Apple
an
Inc for their Macintosh line of computer systems.

Linux: Linux is an open source operating

system developed by Linus Torvalds. It is available

P
for free on the Internet.
>inudž
APPLIKAYION SOJYVARK
The software that performs specific
fic tasks for the users is known as
Application Software or App.
Application software helps yo in doing some specific type of work.
For example, we use Paint to make drawings. But we cannot do
calculations using Paint. we have to use the calculator application
software to calculate. Some application software programs are:
4ícгosoft Voгd: It helps you to create text PLAHET
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documents with ease. educational books and CD-ROM

Planet Multimedia's
Dear Sir,

for quality-lovers.
For more Information

www.pmpublishers.com

4ícгosoft Kxc9l: It helps you to perform

visit us at:
Rajesh Bajaj

calculations and store the data in a tabular

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format (rows and columns). MS-Excel

MS-Paint
MS-Word

4ícгosoft Paínt: It helps you to draw and

paint with the mouse.

Update Your Knowledge

Update Your Knowledge
HaƌdǁaƌĞ aŶd ƐŽĨƚǁaƌĞ aƌĞ complementary ƚŽ ĞacŚ
ϭϬ Open source ƌĞĨĞƌƐ ƚŽ ƚŚŽƐĞ ƐŽĨƚǁaƌĞ ŽƚŚĞƌ. Iƚ ŵĞaŶƐ ƚŚaƚ ǁiƚŚŽƵƚ ŚaƌdǁaƌĞ͕ ƐŽĨƚǁaƌĞ iƐ ŽĨ ŶŽ
ƉƌŽŐƌaŵƐ ǁŚicŚ ŵƵƐƚ ďĞ aǀaiůaďůĞ ƚŽ ƵƐĞ. LiŬĞǁiƐĞ͕ ǁiƚŚŽƵƚ ƐŽĨƚǁaƌĞ͕ ŚaƌdǁaƌĞ iƐ jƵƐƚ a dƵŵď
ĞǀĞƌLJďŽdLJ͕ ĨƌĞĞ ŽĨ cŽƐƚ. AŶLJďŽdLJ caŶ ŵacŚiŶĞ. TŚĞƌĞĨŽƌĞ͕ ŚaƌdǁaƌĞ aŶd ƐŽĨƚǁaƌĞ ŵƵƐƚ ǁŽƌŬ
Ğdiƚ Žƌ ŵŽdiĨLJ iƚƐ ƐŽƵƌcĞ cŽdĞ. ƚŽŐĞƚŚĞƌ iŶ a cŽŵƉƵƚĞƌ ƚŽ ƉƌŽdƵcĞ ƵƐĞĨƵů ŽƵƚƉƵƚ.
 In a Nutshell
o The working of a computer is based on IPO cycle.
o Speed, storage, versatility, accuracy and diligence are characteristics
of a computer.
o Input devices are used to enter data in a computer.
o cPU is the processing device and is known as the brain of the
computer.
o Output devices show the final result or information after processing.
o Storage device is used to store data, instructions and information for
future use.
o Software is a set of instructions that tells a computer what to do and
how to perform a particular task.

A.
Exercises
Tick QR th٩ corr٩ct anÃw٩r. MP
1. ............... means to calculate or count.
a. compute b. System c. computer system
2. After processing, the com uter shows the final result as a/an ............... .
a. input b. storage c. output
3. ............... is the physical components attached to a computer.
a. Software b. Hardware c. Malware
4. Software is mainly of...............types.
a. four b. three c. two
5. ............... software helps in doing some specific work.
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a. System b. Application c. Operating System

fl. Writ٩ `T´ for Tru٩ and ` ´ for alÃ٩ Ãtat٩m٩ntÃ.

1. computer cannot perform a variety of tasks efficiently.
2. System unit is also called a computer case.

3. Hard disk is also known as the brain of a computer.

4. Output is the final result we get through output devices. ϭϭ

5. Operating System is used to perform a specific type of work.

 C. ill in th٩ blankÃ.
1. A computer .......................... the data as per requirement or instructions.
2. .......................... means computer is used at different places for different
purposes.
3. Software is a set of .......................... that tells the hardware what to do.
4. .......................... operating system software is available free of cost.
5. Microsoft .......................... helps us to perform calculations.
k. kiff٩r٩ntiat٩ b٩tw٩٩n th٩ following.
1. Input Devices Output Devices
...................................................... ......................................................
........................................................ ........................................................
........................................................ ........................................................
2. Hardware Software
...................................................... ......................................................

M
......................................................... ........................................................
......................................................... ........................................................
E. AnÃw٩r th٩ following qu٩ÃtionÃ.
Ãti
1. what do you mean by a com
co puter system?
..........................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................
2. write any four characteristics of computer.
..........................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................
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3. what is system software?

..........................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................
. Application-baÃ٩d Au٩Ãtion
Amit is working on a computer. His teacher asks him to tell the principle
ϭ2
on which the working of a computer system is based, but he forgets. Help
him to tell the answer.
..............................................................................................................................
 Activity
Section
Activity Rearrange
,٩arrang٩ th٩ jumbl٩d-up l٩tt٩rà and writ٩ th٩ corr٩ct word/wordà in
th٩ giv٩n Ãpac٩.

a. R W H D A R A E
...........................................................

b. W F T A O S R ...........................................................
E .

c.
Y T M E S N T I ...........................................................
S U .

Lab Activity
OpHn thH Edusational SuitH GCompriV > @. Skill Formation
1. click on this icon [ ] from the top of Gccom
mpris. TŚiƐ acƚiǀiƚLJ ĞŶŚaŶcĞƐ
ƚŚĞ cŽŐŶiƚiǀĞ aŶd ĨiŶĞ
2. click on Maze [ ]. ŵŽƚŽƌ ƐŬiůůƐ iŶ ƐƚƵdĞŶƚƐ.

PLA₹ING 4KYHOD
You can play this game by
using the Arrow keys on
the k e y b o a r d t o m o v e
the character up to the
door. Arrow Keys

Your level in the game keeps on

increasing after you move the character
out of the maze.

Group Discussion
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PividH thH VtudHntV into two groupV and diVsuVV thH topis − `yardwarH
vV. SoftwarH´.

Online link
Take a quiz about working of computer by visiting the website:
https:JJwww.quia.comJquizJ1938666.html
Take a quiz about computer hardware and software by visiting the
ϭ3
website:
https:JJwww.quia.comJquizJ6024146.html
 Windows Operating System
Ŝ OBJECTIyE After completing this chapter, you will be able to:
 UŶdĞƌƐƚaŶd aďŽƵƚ ƚŚĞ ĨƵŶcƚiŽŶƐ ŽĨ ŽƉĞƌaƚiŶŐ ƐLJƐƚĞŵ.
 LĞaƌŶ aďŽƵƚ tiŶdŽǁƐ aŶd iƚƐ diĨĨĞƌĞŶƚ ǀĞƌƐiŽŶƐ.
 UŶdĞƌƐƚaŶd ƚŚĞ cŽŵƉŽŶĞŶƚƐ ŽĨ tiŶdŽǁƐ ϭϬ ƐcƌĞ en.
 Sƚaƌƚ aŶd ƵƐĞ aŶ aƉƉ iŶ tiŶdŽǁƐ ϭϬ.
S

 LĞaƌŶ ŚŽǁ ƚŽ ƌĞƐƚaƌƚ aŶd ƐŚƵƚ dŽǁŶ ƚŚĞ cŽŵƉƵƚĞƌ .

Hello Friends! You have already read

about operating system in the previous
chapter. In this chapter, you will get to

MP
know about Windows operating system.

0p4ł9Wiug S\sW4m
Operating System is a software program that controls the overall
activities of a computer. A computer is useless without the operating
system.
For example, if you have a car but no driver, the car cannot move on
its own. Just as a driver is a must to run the car, similarly, an operating
system is a must to run or work with computers.

J7NKYIONS OJ AN OPKRAYING S₹SYK4

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An operating system performs several functions, such as:

Kontгollíng Нагdyаг9: The operating system
controls all the hardware components of a computer
system and enables them to work properly.
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educational books and CD-ROM

Planet Multimedia's
Dear Sir,

Rtnníng Softyаг9: The operating system runs

for quality-lovers.
For more Information

www.pmpublishers.com

visit us at:
Rajesh Bajaj

ϭϰ
application software, such as MS-word, MS-Excel,
MS-Excel
Paint, Stykz, and games.
Games
MS-Word

Paint
Bootíng: One of the major functions of an operating system is
booting. It is the process of starting and restarting the computer.
Booting is of two types: cold booting and warm booting.
when a computer is switched on, this process of booting is called
cold booting. The process to restart a computer that is already on is
called warm booting.

7SKR INYKRJAKK
Interface provides simpler ways for the users to use the computer. User
interacts with operating system through its user interface. It
controls how you enter data and how information is displayed on the
screen.
Most of the operating systems use two types of user interfaces:
Kommand Lín9 Int9гfac9: Using a Command Line Interface
(CLI), the user interacts with the operating system by typing commands
with the keyboard to perform specific tasks.

M
Gгapßícal 7ѕ9г Int9гfac9: with a User Interface (GUI), the
Graphical
user interacts with the operating system by using keyboard and mouse
to access windows, icons, menus. Most users today work with the
and graphical user interface.

Wiudows
Windo is the most popular GUI- operating system
ws based developed
by Microsoft. It is a special program that controls the working of a
computer. There have been different versions of windows like
windows 98, windows XP, windows Vista, windows 7, windows 8,
windows 1o and recently launched windows 11. In this chapter, we will
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study about Windows 10.

VINDOVS 10
windows 1o is an operating system developed by
Microsoft. It is the successor of windows ϴ.ϭ. Windows 10 ϭϱ

It is a GUI (Graphical User Interface) based operating system in which

pictures, images, icons, and menus are used to give commands.
windows 1o has been designed to be used with multiple devices,
including desktop computers, laptops, tablets, and smartphones.
 SYARYING VINDOVS 10
when you turn ON your computer, windows 1o starts automatically and a
Windows Lock Screen appears. You may be asked to enter
the password. In computer lab, your teacher will provide you the
password.
In the Lock screen, type the password and press the Enter key from
the keyboard.
After some time, you will get
the final Desktop screen.

Deskto
p
Screen

KO4PONKNYS OJ VINDOVS 10 SKRKKN

On the Desktop screen, you will see the
th foll
ol owing components:
Desktop Icon
Mouse Pointer

Start Menu

Desktop
Screen
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Taskbar Notification Area

Start Icon Search Box Default Programs Time and Date

ϭϲ
Desktop Screen: It is the final screen that appears after switching
ON the computer. It is an area where you work with your programs
and
documents.
Icons: The small pictures on the desktop are called icons. An icon
on the desktop represents a program. A program can be opened
quickly by double-clicking on its icon.
Mouse Pointer: Mouse pointer helps you to point,
click or double-click the various items on the desktop.
when you move your mouse, this pointer moves along
with it.
Time and Date: This is the current time and date on
your computer. This option is used to see the calender and
digital clock.
Taskbar: The long bar at the bottom of the desktop screen is
called the taskbar. It contains Start icon on the left corner and
notification area on the right corner. The programs which you
open (active programs) are displayed in the taskbar.

Default Programs: These programs are u ed to

launch some selected windows 10 programs with a
click of the mouse.
Nootificat on Area: It displays small icons
th
hatt p ovide status and notify you about
tasks that are happening on your computer.
Search Box: This box is used to search for
items on your computer or on the Internet.
Start Icon: It is an icon located on the bottom left corner of the
desktop screen. It is used to open the Start menu.
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Start Menu: when you click on the Start Left part Right part
icon, Start menu appears. It lists all the
installed programs in the computer. It is divided
vertically in two parts. The left part shows all the
installed Apps along with Power, Settings, File
Explorer and User’s icon. The right part
features a selection of tiles or live tiles that ϭϳ

you can customize, resize and reorganize.

 Wołkiug ou D4skWop
Suł44u
SKLKKYING AND DKSKLKKYING IKON
You can select the icon by clicking on it.
S9l9ctíng an Icon
1. Click on the icon you want to select.
ϭ
The icon gets highlighted.

D9s9l9ctíng an Icon
1. Click anywhere on the desktop to deselect the icon.
ϭ The icon appears in its original form.

PM
4OUING AN IKON
You can move an icon anywhere on the
th desktop.
de
1. Cli
lick and hold the mouse button on
the icon
co you want to move.
2 2. Drag the icon anywhere on the desktop.
3. Release the mouse button.
ϭ

After releasing the mouse button, the

icon appears at the new place on the
desktop.
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OPKNING A PROGRA4
You can open a program by double-clicking on its icon.
1. Double-click on the icon
of program you want to
open.
ϭ The application window
ϭϴ related to the icon appears.
ARRANGING YHK DKSΣYOP IKONS
You arrange your clothes in the cabinet to keep them organized.
Similarly, you can arrange the icons on the desktop.
1. Right-click on the blank
ϭ 2
desktop area.
A menu appears.
3 2. click on View.
A pop-up menu appears.
3. click on Auto arrange icons.
All the icons get arranged on the
screen.

SORYING YHK IKONS

P
You can arrange the icons in alphabetical order on the screen.
ϭ 1. Right-click on the desktop
2
area. A men
enu appears.
2. cl ck on Sort by.
3
A pop-up menu appears.
3. click on Name.
All the icons get arranged on screen in
alphabetical order.

Update Your Knowledge

Uuow W14 J9uWs
TŚĞ ĨiƌƐƚ ĞǀĞƌ ŵĞŶƚiŽŶ ŽĨ MicƌŽƐŽĨƚ ǁaƐ iŶ a ůĞƚƚĞƌ
ĨƌŽŵ Biůů GaƚĞƐ ƚŽ cŽ−ĨŽƵŶdĞƌ PaƵů AůůĞŶ iŶ ϭϵϳϱ.  TŚĞ ŚŽƵƐĞ ǁŚĞƌĞ Biůů GaƚĞƐ ůiǀĞƐ ǁaƐ
dĞƐiŐŶĞd ƵƐiŶŐ a MaciŶƚŽƐŚ cŽŵƉƵƚĞƌ. (CODEBOT)
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GaƚĞƐ iŶiƚiaůůLJ ǁƌŽƚĞ ƚŚĞ cŽŵƉaŶLJ ŶaŵĞ aƐ MicƌŽ−ƐŽĨƚ͕
ǁŚicŚ ŵadĞ ƐĞŶƐĞ cŽŶƐidĞƌiŶŐ iƚ iƐ a cŽŵďiŶaƚiŽŶ ŽĨ  TŚĞ aǀĞƌaŐĞ cŽŵƉƵƚĞƌ ƵƐĞƌ ďůiŶŬƐ ĞLJĞƐ ƐĞǀĞŶ
ŵicƌŽcŽŵƉƵƚĞƌ aŶd ƐŽĨƚǁaƌĞ. ƚiŵĞƐ a ŵiŶƵƚĞ͕ ůĞƐƐ ƚŚaŶ ŚaůĨ ƚŚĞ ŶŽƌŵaů ƌaƚĞ ŽĨ
2Ϭ.

54WLłu ot SW9łW BLWWou 9s SW9łW luou

IŶ ƚŚĞ ďĞŐiŶŶiŶŐ͕ tiŶdŽǁƐ ϵϱ Śad Start ďƵƚƚŽŶ. CůicŬiŶŐ ƚŚaƚ ďƵƚƚŽŶ ůĞd ƚŽ ƚŚĞ Start menu. BŽƚŚ Sƚaƌƚ
ďƵƚƚŽŶ aŶd Sƚaƌƚ ŵĞŶƵ cŽŶƚiŶƵĞd ƵƉ ƚŽ tiŶdŽǁƐ ϳ. IŶ tiŶdŽǁƐ ϴ͕ MicƌŽƐŽĨƚ ƌĞŵŽǀĞd ƚŚĞ Sƚaƌƚ ďƵƚƚŽŶ
ϭϵ
aŶd Sƚaƌƚ ŵĞŶƵ cŽŵƉůĞƚĞůLJ͕ ƌĞƉůaciŶŐ ƚŚĞŵ ǁiƚŚ a Start screen ĨiůůĞd ǁiƚŚ ůiǀĞ ƚiůĞƐ. TŚĞ Sƚaƌƚ ďƵƚƚŽŶ
ƌĞƚƵƌŶĞd iŶ tiŶdŽǁƐ ϴ.ϭ͕ ďƵƚ iƚƐ ŵaiŶ ĨƵŶcƚiŽŶ ǁaƐ ƚŽ ƉƌŽǀidĞ accĞƐƐ ƚŽ ƚŚĞ Sƚaƌƚ ƐcƌĞĞŶ. NŽǁ ŽŶ ƵƐĞƌƐΖ
dĞŵaŶd͕ ƚŚĞ Sƚaƌƚ ďƵƚƚŽŶ aŶd Sƚaƌƚ ŵĞŶƵ ŚaǀĞ ƌĞƚƵƌŶĞd iŶ ƚŚĞ ĨŽƌŵ ŽĨ Sƚaƌƚ icŽŶ iŶ tiŶdŽǁƐ ϭϬ.
 SW9łWiug 9u App IAppliu9Wiou 0łogł9m)
You can start an application program or App (MS-word, Paint,
Microsoft Edge, etc.) installed on your computer to perform any task.
For example, to write a letter, start MS-word; to draw a picture, start
Paint program; or to surf the Internet, start a web browser application,
such as Microsoft Edge.
In windows 1o, there are mainly three methods to start an App. In this
example, we will open an App (Paint) by using all three methods.

7SING YHK SYARY 4KN7 YILKS

1. click on Start icon to open
Start menu (or press ).
Right side of the Start menu
displays tiles for commonly
used Apps. Tile is a colorful
2 rectangle that represents an
App or a windows feature.
To see more tiles, you can
use the scroll bar.
2. click on the App you want
to start.
ϭ

The App starts.

3 In this example, we have
started Paint.
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3. click on Close button

to close the App.

7SING All APPS

LISY 1. click on Start icon to open
Start menu (or press ).
Left side of the Start menu
displays a list of all Apps
ϭ installed on the computer.
2Ϭ
 2 You can use the scroll bar to see
more Apps in the list.
2. click on the icon for the App you
want to open.
If the App icon is in sub-menu,
click the sub-menu and then click
on the App icon.
The App starts.

In this example, we have selected Paint.

7SING SKARKH BOZ

You can also open an App using the search box.
windows recognizes the application prog ams only by their file names.
Therefore, you can use the search bo ox run a search on the file
name, if you know it. to

1. click inside the search box

of the taskbar and type the
App name you want to
open.
ϭ

As you start typing, Windows

displays each App with the name
2 that includes your search text.
2. If you see the App you want,
click on it. (CODEBOT)
IT PLANET −3
The App starts.
In this example, we have selected
Paint.

Do You Know≥ 2ϭ

Aůƚ н Fϰ iƐ a ŬĞLJďŽaƌd ƐŚŽƌƚcƵƚ ƚŽ cůŽƐĞ a cƵƌƌĞŶƚůLJ acƚiǀĞ ǁiŶdŽǁ.

 54sW9łWiug W14
CompLW4ł
Restarting the computer means it shuts down and starts up again
immediately. If your computer is not operating properly, you can
restart your computer to try to fix the problem.
1. click on Start icon (or press ).
2 Start menu appears.
2. click on Power
ϭ
button. A sub-menu
appears.
3 3. click on Restart to restart your
computer.

S1LWWiug Dowu W14 CompLW4ł

After completing your work, you nee ed to ut down your computer.
s
To shut down a computer properly,
pe follow the given steps:
1. click on Start icon (or press ).
2 Start menu appears.
2. click on Power button.
ϭ

A sub-menu appears.
3 3. click on Shut down to turn
off the computer.
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Update Your Knowledge

Put tindows to Sleep

tŚĞŶ LJŽƵ aƌĞ ŶŽƚ ƵƐiŶŐ tiŶdŽǁƐ͕ LJŽƵ caŶ ƉƵƚ iƚ ŽŶ Sleep ŵŽdĞ. SůĞĞƉ ŵŽdĞ ŵĞaŶƐ ƚŚaƚ LJŽƵƌ cŽŵƉƵƚĞƌ iƐ iŶ a
ƚĞŵƉŽƌaƌLJ ůŽǁ−ƉŽǁĞƌ ŵŽdĞ. TŚiƐ ƐaǀĞƐ ĞůĞcƚƌiciƚLJ ĞǀĞŶ ǁŚĞŶ LJŽƵƌ cŽŵƉƵƚĞƌ iƐ ƉůƵŐŐĞd iŶ. IŶ SůĞĞƉ
ŵŽdĞ͕ tiŶdŽǁƐ ŬĞĞƉƐ LJŽƵƌ aƉƉƐ ŽƉĞŶ. TŚiƐ iƐ ŚaŶdLJ ďĞcaƵƐĞ iƚ ŵĞaŶƐ ƚŚaƚ ǁŚĞŶ LJŽƵ ƌĞƚƵƌŶ ĨƌŽŵ
SůĞĞƉ ŵŽdĞ͕ aĨƚĞƌ LJŽƵ ƐiŐŶ iŶ ƚŽ tiŶdŽǁƐ aŐaiŶ͕ LJŽƵ caŶ iŵŵĞdiaƚĞůLJ ŐĞƚ ďacŬ ƚŽ ǁŚaƚ LJŽƵ ǁĞƌĞ dŽiŶŐ.
FŽůůŽǁ ƚŚĞ ŐiǀĞŶ ƐƚĞƉƐ ƚŽ ƉƵƚ tiŶdŽǁƐ ƚŽ SůĞĞƉ.
22 ϭ. CůicŬ ŽŶ Start icŽŶ. 2. CůicŬ ŽŶ Power ďƵƚƚŽŶ. 3. CůicŬ ŽŶ Sleep.
tiŶdŽǁƐ acƚiǀaƚĞƐ SůĞĞƉ ŵŽdĞ.
Note͗ TŽ ƌĞƚƵƌŶ ĨƌŽŵ SůĞĞƉ ŵŽdĞ͕ ƉƌĞƐƐ ƚŚĞ Power ďƵƚƚŽŶ ŽĨ LJŽƵƌ cŽŵƉƵƚĞƌ Žƌ
CPU.
 In a Nutshell
o A computer is useless without the operating system.
o Operating systems have two types of user interface: cLI and GUI.
o windows is a popular GUI-based operating system developed by
Microsoft.
o Desktop is the final screen that appears after switching ON the
computer.
o Start icon is located on the bottom left corner of the desktop screen.
o we can select, move, arrange and sort desktop icons.
o There are three methods to start an App in windows 1o.

Exercises
A. Tick QR th٩ corr٩ct anÃw٩r.
1. when we turn on the computerr, it is known as..................booting.
a. warm b. hot c. cold
2. .................. allows the user
us to inter
ter ct with the operating system using
keyboard only.
a. GUI b. cLI c. cPU
3. The small pictures present on the desktop are called .................. .

a. pointers b. icons c. documents

4. The bar at the bottom of the desktop is known as .................. .
a. scroll bar b. title bar c. taskbar
5. .................. means shutting down and starting up a computer again
(CODEBOT)
IT PLANET −3
immediately.

a. Shut down b. Booting c. Restart

fl. Writ٩ `T´ for Tru٩ and ` ´ for alÃ٩ Ãtat٩m٩ntÃ.
1. A computer can work without the operating system.
2. Lock screen is the final screen after switching on a computer.
3. The search box is present on the right corner of the desktop.
23
4. You can arrange the icons in alphabetical order on the desktop.
5. You can start an App only through using the Search box.
 C. ill in th٩ blankÃ.
1. ............................ is a software program that controls the overall
activities of a computer.
2. ............................ screen appears after switching ON the computer.
3. ............................ menu lists all the installed programs in the computer.
4. ............................ is a colorful rectangle that represents an App.
k. kiff٩r٩ntiat٩ b٩tw٩٩n th٩ following.
cLI GUI
...................................................... .......................................................
........................................................ .........................................................
........................................................ .........................................................

MP
E. AnVwHr thH following quHVtionV.
1. what does user interface do?
......................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................
2. what does Start menu contain?
ai
......................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................
3. what is the use of search box?
......................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................
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4. Name the three methods to start an App in windows 1o.

......................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................
). Applisation-baVHd AuHVtion
Suman wants to open Tux Paint, but she is unable to find it in Start menu.
which option do you suggest she should use?
2ϰ
...........................................................................................................................
 Activity
Section
AuWiviW\ Label
LabHl thH givHn VsrHHn sorrHstl\.

AuWiviW\ Mark
)ind out and marN diffHrHnt somponHntV WindowV 10 VsrHHn.
of M

M
K N D G T P J B X F O
A F S E A R C H B O
O X S One has
B B T K S K P R O U T A been done
K C T
T C A R A S S D N for you.
N O R Q B B B H I E P D
S S T C A T G T L P V E
T R I N R E D I C O N S

P J C M C J S M A I J K
M B N X T
D A O S N H E
R T S O
D A N E M P R I
E E V
E H O K S D A T P
S L N Q G Y N I O R Q Y
D S T A R T M E N U R K

19b AuWiviW\
o WorN on thH dHVNtop b\ VHlHsting, dHVHlHsting Skill Formation
and arranging isonV. TŚĞƐĞ acƚiǀiƚiĞƐ ǁiůů
o Start an App in WindowV b\ uVing all thH dĞǀĞůŽƉ ŽƌŐaŶinjaƚiŽŶaů
(CODEBOT)
IT PLANET −3

thrHH mHthodV mHntionHd in thH shaptHr. aŶd ĨiŶĞ ŵŽƚŽƌ ƐŬiůůƐ

iŶ
GłoLp DisuLssiou ƚŚĞ ƐƚƵdĞŶƚƐ.

PividH thH VtudHntV into two groupV and diVsuVV thH topis − `IV G8I %HttHr
than CLI?´.
0uliu4 1iuk 2ϱ
To learn more about operating system, visit the
website:
https:JJcomputer.howstuffworks.comJoperating-
system1.htm
 Paint 3D
ŝ After completing this chapter, you will be able to:
OBJECTIyE
 IdĞŶƚiĨLJ 2D aŶd 3D ƐŚaƉĞƐ.
 UŶdĞƌƐƚaŶd PaiŶƚ 3D ǁiŶdŽǁ cŽŵƉŽŶĞŶƚƐ.
 Dƌaǁ 2D ƐŚaƉĞƐ aŶd 3D ŽďjĞcƚƐ.
 Add ƐƚicŬĞƌƐ͕ 3D ƚĞdžƚ aŶd ĞĨĨĞcƚƐ iŶ a ƉƌŽjĞcƚ.
S

 UƐĞ 3D ůiďƌaƌLJ ƚŽ add 3D ŽďjĞcƚƐ.

Hi Friends! You have already learnt in your

previous class that Tux Paint and MS Paint are
used for creating 2D shapes. Now, let us create

MP
3D shapes using Paint 3D software.

luWłodLuWiou
Paint 3D is a drawing progrram develloped by Microsoft. It is an
updated version of MS Pain
nt whicc is in luded in windows 1o.
Paint 3D is used to create,
te ed dit an print 3D shapes. It allows you to
make creative projects using 2D and 3D tools.
XD AND 3D
In 2D and 3D, the D specifies dimensions involved in the shape.
A 2D shape is flat and comprises of two dimensions that are
length
and width. These shapes are also known as flat shapes.
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Width

Length
ϮD or flat shapes
A 3D shape comprises of three dimensions that are length, width
and
height. These shapes look solid and real.
Height

2ϲ

Width

Length
ϯD
shapes
 SW9łWiug 09iuW
3D
To start Paint 3D, follow the steps given below.

1. click on Start icon (or press

). The Start menu appears.
A list of all the applications appears on
the left.
You can scroll down to find Paint 3D.
2
2. click on Paint 3D.
Paint 3D Welcome screen appears
in front of you.

3. click on New
option to open a
new project.

Paint 3D program opens

with a blank canvas in
the center to draw
objects. (CODEBOT)
IT PLANET −3

2ϳ
 PAINY 3D VINDOV
Given below is the Paint 3D window. Let us know about its different
components.
Brushes 2D shapes 3D shapes 3D library Panel

Menu

Stickers Text Effects Canvas

Menu: It contains many options New, Open, Save, etc. to work

like with.
Brushes: It displays many of brrushes in the Marker panel on the
types right-side of the window.
2D shapes: This option us
issed to draw and edit 2D shapes.
3D shapes: This option used
is to draw and edit 3D shapes.
Stickers: This option is used add different stickers and textures.
to
Text: This option is used to add text in the drawing.
Effects: This option is used for selecting a Filter color, or the lighting
source position.
Canvas: This option allows you to resize and control the dimensions of
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canvas.
3D library: This option is used to add 3D objects.
Panel: This area shows all the tools of selected option.

Dł9wiug 2D
2ϴ S19p4s
You can draw various 2D shapes in Paint 3D. Follow the steps given on
the next page to draw a 2D shape.
 1. click on 2D shapes.
ϭ
Different shapes appear
in the 2D shapes
3 panel.
н 2. click on the shape you
2 want to draw.
н
3. click and hold the left
н
mouse button, and drag
н to draw the shape on
canvas.
4. Release the mouse
button.
In this example, we have drawn a 2D star shape.

JILLING KOLOR IN YHK SHAPK

You can fill any color in the 2D shape with
Fill tool.
ϭ
1. click on Brushes.
2. click on Fill tool.
3. click on the color of
your choice from the
2 color palette.
ϰ
4. click anywhere inside the
shape you want to fill
with color.
The selected color gets filled
in the shape.
3

KRASING YHK SHAPK (CODEBOT)

IT PLANET −3
You can erase any shape or a part of it with Eraser tool.
1. click on Brushes.
ϭ
2. click on Eraser tool.
3. Drag the Thickness
2 slider to change the
thickness of the eraser.
ϰ 3 4. Drag your mouse on the 2ϵ
shape you want to erase.
 Dł9wiug 3D
0bj4uWs
You can draw various 3D shapes in Paint 3D. Follows these steps to
draw a 3D shape.

ϭ
1. click on 3D shapes.
Different 3D objects
3
appear in 3D shapes
panel.
н
н
2. click on the object you
2 want to draw.
н
3. click and hold the left
н ϰ mouse button, and drag
to draw the shape.
4. Release the mouse button.

Rotation tools (x-axis, y-axis and z-axis) appearr aroun the object. You can use
these tools to see the 3D effect.
5. Rotate the object using
x-axis upto the position
njͲaxis ;RotationͿ where it takes the 3D
form.

njͲaxis ϱ
;PositionͿ
xͲaxis
;RotationͿ
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yͲaxis ;RotationͿ

The object appears in the

3D form.
In this example, the shape
has rotated x-axis to upward
(-3oº).
3Ϭ
KHANGING KOLOR OJ 3D OBJKKY
You can change the color of 3D objects according to your choice.
1. click on Select tool.
ϭ 3 2. click on the object to
select it.
3. click on Edit
colour button
2 from 3D
selection panel.
ϰ
A color palette appears.
4. click on the color you
want to apply.

The object appears in the selected color.

DKLKYING 3D OBJKKY
You can delete a 3D object from you
ur pro
oject.
1. click on Select tool.
ϭ 2. click on the object to
select it.
3. click on Delete
2 button under the
Edit section in
3
panel.
The selected image gets
deleted.
(CODEBOT)
IT PLANET −3

Addiug
SWiuk4łs
Paint 3D offers several stickers to add in your artwork. These stickers
are used to add texture and icons to your 2D or 3D drawing.
Paint 3D stickers come in the form of shapes like lines, curves, 3ϭ
squares, and stars; traditional stickers like cloud, swirl, rainbow,
and facial features; and surface textures.
 1. click on Stickers.
ϭ
Stickers panel appears on
2 the right side with three
ϰ icons – Stickers, Texture
н 3 and Add Stickers.
2. click on Stickers icon.
н
All available stickers
н appear.
3. click on the sticker
н ϱ you want to add.

4. click and hold the left mouse button, and drag to draw the shape.
5. Release the mouse button.
Sticker appears on the
canvas with some icons
around it.
Rotate
You can now rotate or
make a stamp (copy) of
your sticker using these
icons.
Stamp ϲ
Commit 6. click on Commit
icon to apply the
sticker on the canvas.

Addiug 3D
T4xW
You can add 2D and 3D text to your project in Paint 3D.
1. click on Text.
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ϭ
2. click on 3D text icon.
2 You can change font
style, size, color; make
3 text bold, italics,
underline; and do
alignment (left, right,
center).
32
3. click inside the canvas.
A dotted rectangle box appears with the blinking cursor inside it.
 4. Type your text.
5. click anywhere outside
ϰ the text box.

Rotation tools (x-axis, y-axis and z-axis) appear around the text. You can use
these tools to see the 3D effect.
6. Rotate the text using
x-axis and y-axis upto
the position where it
takes the 3D form.
njͲaxis
7. click anywhere in the
xͲaxis canvas to remove the
ϲ rotation tools.
njͲaxis
yͲaxis ϲ ϳ
Your text appears in 3D
form.

Addiug
Ett4uWs
You can apply filter color and the light position effects on the 3D
object or text.
1. Open or create any
3D object or text.
2
2. click on Effects.
Effects panel
3 (CODEBOT)
IT PLANET −3
appears on the right
side.
3. click on any filter to
apply the effect.
4. Rotate the Light
wheel [ ] icon
ϰ to lighten the
effect.
Do You Know≥
33
PaiŶƚ 3D ǁaƐ iŶƚƌŽdƵcĞd iŶ tiŶdŽǁƐ ϭϬ ŽŶůLJ.
 Fsiug 3D 1ibł9ł\
You can add 3D objects in your project from 3D library.

ϭ 1. click on 3D library.
3D library panel appears
which shows the
categories of objects.
2 2. click on any category
(Animals).

3D models related to the

selected category appear.
3. Scroll down and select
the model (Ram).
3

Selected model appears

on the canvas with the
rotation tools (x-axis,
njͲaxis y- axis and z-axis).
4. Rotate the model using
y-axis upto the
position where it
xͲaxis takes the 3D form.
njͲaxis 5. click anywhere in the
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canvas to remove the

rotation tools.
ϱ
yͲaxis ϰ

Your 3D model from the 3D library appears on

the canvas .
3ϰ
S9viug VoLł
0łoj4uW
After finishing your work, you can save it for future use.
1. click on Menu.
ϭ
Backstage view appears.

2. click on Save
option. Saving options
2 3 appear.
3. click on Image option.

ϰ 4. click on the Save

as type down arrow
and select the file
type (png, jpg, etc.)
In this example, we have
selected PNG file type.
5. click on Save.

6. Browse the location,

ϲ where you want to
save the file.
7. Type the name for the
(CODEBOT)
IT PLANET −3
file in the File
name text box.
8. click on Save.

ϴ
3ϱ
Your file gets saved in the location selected in step 6.
 In a Nutshell
o Paint 3D is a drawing program developed by Microsoft to create,
edit and print 3D shapes.
o when we open Paint 3D, the area where we draw is called canvas.
o Rotation tools are used to see the 3D effect.
o Stickers are used to add texture and icons to 2D or 3D drawing.
o we can add 2D and 3D text to our project in Paint 3D.
o we can apply filter color and the light position on the 3D object.
o we can add 3D objects in our project from 3D library.

Exercises
A. TisN >@ thH sorrHst anVwHr.
1. In 2D and 3D, the D specifies ......................... involved in the shape.
a. degrees b. dimensio
nsions c. designs
2. ......................... option is used
use for selec
ele ing a Filter color, or the lighting
source position.
a. Filter b. Effect c. Select
3. we can erase a shape with.......................tool.

a. Eraser b. Remover c. Select

4. click on ......................... icon to add 3D text to the project.

a. 3D text b. 2D text c. Add text

5. we can use ......................... tools to see the 3D effect.

a. Sticker b. Filter c. Rotation

PM PUBLISHERS PVT. LTD.

%. WritH `T´ for TruH and `)´ for )alVH VtatHmHntV.

1. Paint 3D is an updated version of MS paint.
2. 3D shapes are also known as flat shapes.
3. Effects option contains many options like New, Open, etc. to
work with.
4. You can change the color of 3D objects according to your
3ϲ choice.
5. Paint 3D stickers come in the form of shapes, traditional
stickers and surface textures.
C. )ill in thH blankV.
1. Paint 3D is a drawing program developed by ..................... .
2. A 3D shape comprises of three dimensions ..................... , ......................... and
..................... .
3. ..................... option is used to add 3D text in Paint 3D.
4. Stickers are used to add
..................... and ..................... to our 2D or 3D
drawing.
5. ..................... tools appear when we select an object from 3D library.
P. PiffHrHntiatH bHtwHHn thH following.
2D Shapes 3D Shapes
......................................................... .........................................................
........................................................... ............................................................

E.
..........................................................
AnVwHr thH following quHVtionV.
1. what is the use of Paint 3D softwa
ware?
P ............................................................

.........................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................
2. why do we use rotation tool?
.........................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................
3. what are the forms in which stickers come in Paint 3D?
.........................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................... (CODEBOT)
IT PLANET −3
4. From where do we add 3D objects in a project?
.........................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................
). Applisation-baVHd AuHVtion
Sonika is working on a Maths project in which she needs to create 3D
shapes. which software can she use for this purpose?
3ϳ
...............................................................................................................................
 Activity
Section
AuWiviW\ Create 3D Effect
Launsh Paint 5P and follow thH VtHpV givHn bHlow to srHatH 5P
HffHstV.
1. Select 3D shapes from the ribbon and then open 3D library and insert the
boy from ‘Characters’ category and tree from ‘Flowers and Plants’
category, as shown.
2. Add stickers ‘sun’ and ‘cloud’ using Stickers option. Art Integration

3. Add an effect using Effects option. SƚƵdĞŶƚƐ ǁiůů ůĞaƌŶ ƚŽ

4. Now, create 3D effect on the character as shown in add diĨĨĞƌĞŶƚ ĞůĞŵĞŶƚƐ
ƚŽ ŵaŬĞ a ƐcĞŶĞƌLJ.
the figure.

Original After 3D effect

AuWivi Create 3D Text Skill Formation

TŚiƐ acƚiǀiƚLJ ǁŽƵůd
W\ thH givHn VtHpV to srHatH 5P tHxt
)ollow ĞŶŚaŶcĞ ƚŚĞ cƌĞaƚiǀiƚLJ
aV Vhown in thH figurH. ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƐƚƵdĞŶƚƐ.

1. Add text to the canvas using 3D

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text icon on Text tool.

2. change its font style, size, color,
alignment and make it bold.
3. Rotate the text upto the position
where it takes the 3D form.

Group Discussion
3ϴ
PividH thH VtudHntV into two groupV and diVsuVV thH topis − `Paint
5P iV HorH IntHrHVting than HS Paint´.
 Word Processor (MS Word k016)
Ş After completing this chapter, you will be able to:
OBJECTIyES  UŶdĞƌƐƚaŶd ƚŚĞ ŵĞaŶiŶŐ͕ ƵƐĞƐ aŶd ƚLJƉĞƐ ŽĨ ǁŽƌd ƉƌŽcĞƐƐŽƌ.
 UŶdĞƌƐƚaŶd aďŽƵƚ MicƌŽƐŽĨƚ tŽƌd aŶd cŽŵƉŽŶĞŶƚƐ ŽĨ iƚƐ ǁiŶdŽǁ.
 LĞaƌŶ ŚŽǁ ƚŽ ĞŶƚĞƌ͕ ƐĞůĞcƚ aŶd ĨŽƌŵaƚ ƚĞdžƚ.
 SaǀĞ a tŽƌd dŽcƵŵĞŶƚ ƚŽ ƌĞǀiĞǁ aŶd Ğdiƚ iƚ iŶ Ĩ uture.

Hello Friends! In your previous class,

you learnt about Microsoft Word, which
is a word processing software. In this
chapter, you will learn more about it.

Wołd 0łou4ssoł
A word processor is a
soft ar that is used for creating and
computeer
formatting a by ussi n g keyboard. After creating the
document
document, you can save it for future use and also print it on a paper.

Word processing
software

(CODEBOT)
IT PLANET −3

YHINGS VK KAN DO VIYH VORD PROKKSSOR

1. Type applications, letters, reports, etc.
2. change color and font style of text
3. Add pictures to make the document more attractive
4. Modify the document by editing and formatting
3ϵ
5. Save the document for future use
6. Print the document on paper
 Y₹PKS OJ VORD PROKKSSORS
Some most popularly used word processors are:
Microsoft Word It is powerful word processor created by Microsoft
for Macintosh and windows-based computers.
Writer It is a free open source word processing program.
It is a part of LibreOffice suite.
Google Docs Formerly known as Google Documents, it is a free
online word processor.

MiułosotW Wołd
Microsoft Word is a word processing
program used for creating documents. It helps us
to write letters, reports, etc. beautifully by adding
borders, shading,
tables, graphics, or pictures in the documents. It
was first released in October 1983 by Microsoft.
Microsoft word 2019 is the latest version, released in 2019. But in
this book, we will study about Micro
Micr soft
so word 2016.

SYARYING VORD X016

1. click on Start icon (or press ). The Start menu appears.
A list of all installed Apps appears on the left side of Start menu.
2. Scroll down and click on Word 2016.
Word opens and displays its Start
screen.
You can use this area (Recent) to
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open an existing document.

3 You can use this area to start a
new document.
3. click on Blank document.

An empty document titled

ϰϬ
Document1 appears on your screen.
YHK VORD VINDOV
You will get this window on your desktop after starting word 2o16.
Quick Access Toolbar Title Bar Ribbon Tab Tell me what you Program Control Buttons
want to do

File
Tab
Ribbon

Scroll
Insertion Bar
Point

Work
Area

Views of Zoom
Document Controls
Status
Bar

Title Bar: It is the topmost baar of th w ndow that displays the name
of the currently active word documen nt
File Tab: when you click on File tab, a Backstage view appears, which
resembles a menu. In Backsta
stage view, there is a list of commands like
save, open, print, etc.
Quick Access Toolbar: It displays quick access buttons for the
Save, Undo, and Redo commands.
Ribbon: It displays groups of related commands in tabs. Each
tab offers shortcut buttons to common tasks. (CODEBOT)
IT PLANET −3
Ribbon Tab: Each ribbon tab provides a set of tools related to an
overall task you are likely to be performing in a specific document.
Insertion Point: It is a small vertical flashing line on the screen that
indicates the place where the text you type will appear.
Views of Document: word provides access to three different views
of your document.
Zoom Controls: They are used to enlarge or reduce the view ofϰϭ
document.
 Scroll Bar: The scroll bar helps you to move the contents of a
document up, down, right, and left.
Status Bar: Status bar is situated at the bottom of a word
document. It displays information, such as word count, page
number, line number, zoom slider, language and other details.
Program Control Buttons: Use these buttons to minimize
the program window, restore it to full size, or close the window.
Work Area: It is the area in the document window where you
enter or type the text of your document.
Tell me what you want to do: This search feature helps you find or
locate commands on the Ribbon.
Subject Integration
English
0łoj4uW: T14 1iWWl4 TŚiƐ iŶƚĞŐƌaƚiŽŶ ǁŽƵůd ĞŶƌicŚ
ƚŚĞ ůiŶŐƵiƐƚic ƐŬiůůƐ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ

Jis1 ƐƚƵdĞŶƚƐ.

ТПЕ LIТТL ЕIСП

Star TŚĞƌĞ aƌĞ a ŐƌĞaƚ ŵaŶLJ ŵiůůiŽŶ ĨiƐŚ iŶ ƚŚĞ ƐĞaƐ͕ ďƵ ƚŚiƐ ƐƚŽƌLJ iƐ aďŽƵƚ a ǀĞƌLJ Ɛŵaůů ĨiƐŚ.
TŚĞ ůiƚƚůĞ ĨiƐŚ Śad ĞǀĞƌLJƚŚiŶŐ iŶ ƚŚĞ ƐĞa ƚŽ ŵaŬĞ Śiŵ cŽŶƚĞŶ
ŶƚĞd͕ ďƵƚ ŚĞ ǁaƐ ŶŽƚ ŚaƉƉLJ ďĞcaƵƐĞ
t ŚĞ ǁaƐ ƐŽ ǀĞƌLJ Ɛŵaůů. ͞Iƚ iƐ ǀĞƌLJ Śaƌd ƚŽ ďĞ ƐƵcŚ a ůiƚƚůĞ ŵiƚĞ ŽĨ a ĨiƐŚ͊͟ ŚĞ ǁŽƵůd ƐaLJ͕ ŽǀĞƌ
aŶd ŽǀĞƌ aŐaiŶ.
OŶĞ daLJ ŚĞ ǁaƐ ƐǁiŵŵiŶŐ aůŽŶ ŽŶ ǁ ƚŚ ƚŚĞ ƌĞƐƚ ŽĨ ŚiƐ ĨƌiĞŶdƐ͕ ǁŚĞŶ ƐƵddĞŶůLJ͕ ǁiƚŚ ŶŽ ǁaƌŶiŶŐ͕
ƚŚĞLJ ĨŽƵŶd ƚŚĞŵƐĞůǀĞƐ iŶ ƚŚĞ ŵĞƐ
ĞƐŚĞƐ ŽĨ a ŐƌĞaƚ ŶĞƚ. TŚĞƌĞ ǁaƐ ŵƵcŚ ĨůŽƵŶdĞƌiŶŐ aŶd ƐƉůaƐŚiŶŐ
aƐ ƚŚĞ ŶĞƚ ǁaƐ dƌaǁŶ ƵƉ ŽƵƚ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ǁaƚĞƌ iŶƚŽ ƚŚĞ ƐƵŶůiŐŚƚ͕ aŶd jƵƐƚ aƐ iƚƐ ŚaƵů ǁaƐ ďĞiŶŐ
ĞŵƉƚiĞd iŶƚŽ ƚŚĞ ďŽaƚ͕ ƚŚĞ ƐŵaůůĞƐƚ ĨiƐŚ ǁƌiŐŐůĞd ƚŚƌŽƵŐŚ ƚŚĞ ŵĞƐŚ aŶd ƐůiƉƉĞd ďacŬ iŶƚŽ
ƚŚĞ cŽŽů cůĞaƌ ǁaƚĞƌ.
HŽǁ ŐŽŽd iƚ ĨĞůƚ͊ HĞ Ɛǁaŵ ŚĞƌĞ aŶd ƚŚĞƌĞ͕ aŶd ŶĞǀĞƌ aŐaiŶ aůů ƚŚĞ ƌĞƐƚ ŽĨ ŚiƐ ůiĨĞ ŚĞ Ɛaid
ƚŚaƚ ŚĞ ǁiƐŚĞd ƚŽ ďĞ aŶLJƚŚiŶŐ ďƵƚ a ĨiƐŚ.
MŽƌaů ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƐƚŽƌLJ iƐ ͞EǀĞƌLJŽŶĞ iƐ IŵƉŽƌƚaŶƚ͟.
PM PUBLISHERS PVT. LTD.

Cł49Wiug 9 N4w
ADouLm4uW
new document is created every time you start writing a fresh
letter or report. creating a new document is like writing on a fresh,
new piece of paper on your screen. Let us create a new document
to start the project.

ϰ2 ϭ 1. click on File tab.

Backstage view appears.
 You can click Back
button to move back
2 from Backstage view
and see the open
document.
3 2. click on the New
button.
3. click on
Blank
document.
The new document
opens and you can start
working on it.
KNYKRING YKZY
The text can be entered with the help of a keyboard.

The text you type

appears where the
insertion point
flashes on your
screen.

The text always appears to the left of the insertion point as you type.

1. Type the text.

when you reach the end
ϭ of a line, word
automatically sends the (CODEBOT)
text to the next line. IT PLANET −3
Press the Enter key only
when you want to start
a new paragraph.

ϰ3
 SKLKKYING YKZY IN A DOK74KNY
Before making a change in the text in word, you must select the text
first. Selected text appears highlighted on screen.

S9l9ctíng a Vогd
1. Double-click the word
ϭ
you want to select.
The word gets selected.
To deselect text, click
outside the selected area.

S9l9ctíng a S9nt9nc9
1. Press and hold down the
2 Ctrl key from the keyboard.

MP
2. while holding down the ctrl
key, click the sentence you
want to select.

S9l9ctíng a Рaгagгaрß
ϭ 1. Place your mouse pointer
over the paragraph you
want to select, and then
click three times quickly
to select a paragraph.

S9l9ctíng an7 Рaгt оf

PM PUBLISHERS PVT. LTD.

Y9xt 1. Place your mouse pointer

over the first word you
ϭ 2
want to select.
2. Drag the mouse pointer
over the text you want to
select.

ϰϰ
S9l9ctíng tß9 Kntíг9 Dоctm9nt
Press Ctrl + A from the keyboard to select the entire text of the document.
Jołm9WWiug
T4xW means making any changes to the text of the document so
Formatting
that it should look eye-catching and attractive. You can format text by
modifying the font, font size, and color; making it bold, underlined, or
italics; changing the alignment of the text; etc. according to the
requirement.

KHANGING JONY OJ YHK YKZY

A font is a typeface that defines the shape of each character. You
can change the font style of the text to make changes in the
appearance of the document.
1. Select the text you want to
2 change. (not shown)
3
2. click on Home tab.
3. click on the drop down arrow
of Font.
ϭ A menu appears.
ϰ word displays a sample of the
selected text in the font you
point the mouse on.
4. click on the font you want to
use.

The text you selected

is changed to the
new font.
To deselect text, (CODEBOT)
click anywhere IT PLANET −3
outside the selected
area.

Do You Know≥
Enter Text Automatically
tŽƌd ĞŶƚĞƌƐ ƐŽŵĞ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ cŽŵŵŽŶ ǁŽƌdƐ aƵƚŽŵaƚicaůůLJ ǁŚĞŶ LJŽƵ Ɛƚaƌƚ ƚLJƉiŶŐ iŶ ƚŚĞ
dŽcƵŵĞŶƚ. FŽƌ ĞdžaŵƉůĞ͕ ǁŚĞŶ LJŽƵ ďĞŐiŶ ƚŽ ƚLJƉĞ a cŽŵŵŽŶ ǁŽƌd͕ ƉŚƌaƐĞ Žƌ daƚĞ
ůiŬĞ ϰϱ
͚:aŶ͕͛ tŽƌd ƐƵŐŐĞƐƚƐ cŽŵŵŽŶ ǁŽƌdƐ aŶd ƉŚƌaƐĞƐ ďaƐĞd ŽŶ ǁŚaƚ LJŽƵ ŚaǀĞ ƚLJƉĞd
(:aŶƵaƌLJ). zŽƵ caŶ ƉƌĞƐƐ ƚŚĞ Enter ŬĞLJ ƚŽ ůĞƚ tŽƌd ĨiŶiƐŚ ƚLJƉiŶŐ ƚŚĞ ǁŽƌd Žƌ ƉŚƌaƐĞ
ĨŽƌ LJŽƵ. zŽƵ caŶ ŬĞĞƉ ƚLJƉiŶŐ ƚŽ iŐŶŽƌĞ ƐƵŐŐĞƐƚiŽŶ ŐiǀĞŶ ďLJ tŽƌd.
 KHANGING SI£K OJ YHK YKZY
You can increase or decrease the size of the text in your
document. Increasing the size makes reading of the text easier while
decreasing the size helps fit more text on a page.

2 1. Select the text you want

3 to change to a new font
size.
2. click on Home tab.
ϭ 3. click on the down arrow
of Font size.
ϰ
A menu appears.
word displays a sample of
the selected text in the
font size you point the
mouse on.
4. click on the size
you want to use.

The text you selected is

changed to the new
size.
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You can also change the font size using the Increase Font Size [ ]
and Decrease Font Size [ ] buttons on the Home tab. word
increases or decreases the font size with each click of the button.

54p49W Jołm9WWiug IJ4)

F4 ŬĞLJ iƐ a ƚƌĞŵĞŶdŽƵƐ ƚiŵĞ ƐaǀĞƌ iŶ tŽƌd. Iƚ iƐ aůƐŽ caůůĞd ƚŚĞ Repeat Formatting cŽŵŵaŶd͕ iŶǀŽŬĞd ďLJ
ϰϲ ƚŚĞ Fϰ ŬĞLJ. AcƚƵaůůLJ͕ Fϰ ƌĞƉĞaƚƐ ƚLJƉiŶŐ aŶd ŵaŶLJ ŽƚŚĞƌ acƚiŽŶƐ ƚŽŽ. FŽƌ ĞdžaŵƉůĞ͕ cůicŬ ŽŶ a ǁŽƌd
aŶd ƉƌĞƐƐ CƚƌůнB ƚŽ ŵaŬĞ iƚ ďŽůd. CůicŬ ŽŶ aŶŽƚŚĞƌ ǁŽƌd aŶd ƉƌĞƐƐ Fϰ. Iƚ aůƐŽ ďĞcŽŵĞƐ ďŽůd. TŚiƐ iƐ
ďĞcaƵƐĞ Fϰ ƌĞƉĞaƚƐ ŽŶůLJ ƚŚĞ ŵŽƐƚ ƌĞcĞŶƚ ĨŽƌŵaƚƚiŶŐ (Žƌ ŽƚŚĞƌ) acƚiŽŶ.
4AΣING YHK YKZY BOLD, IYALIK OR 7NDKRLINKD
You can make your text bold, italic or underlined to emphasize
information in your document.

1. Select the text you

2 want to make bold,
italic or underlined.

3 2. click on Home tab.

3. click any of the
following buttons:
ϭ
( ) Bold (Ctrl+B)
( ) Italic (Ctrl+I)
( ) Underline (Ctrl+U)

The text you selected

appears in the new
style.
This example applies Bold
style to the text.
To remove the bold, italic
or underline style, repeat
steps 1 to 3.

(CODEBOT)
IT PLANET −3

Update Your Knowledge U4\bo9łd S1ołWuLWs

 Bold ŵaŬĞƐ ƚŚĞ ƚĞdžƚ daƌŬĞƌ ƚŚaŶ ƚŚĞ ƐƵƌƌŽƵŶdiŶŐ ƚĞdžƚ. ! PƌĞƐƐ Ctrl+B ƚŽ aƉƉůLJ bold.
 Italic ŵaŬĞƐ ƚŚĞ ƚĞdžƚ ƐůaŶƚĞd jƵƐƚ ůiŬĞ ŚaŶdǁƌiƚiŶŐ ƐůaŶƚƐ. ! PƌĞƐƐ Ctrl+I ƚŽ aƉƉůLJ italic. ϰϳ
 Underlining addƐ a ůiŶĞ ƵŶdĞƌ ƚŚĞ ƚĞdžƚ. ! PƌĞƐƐ Ctrl+U ƚŽ aƉƉůLJ underline.
 KHANGING YHK KOLOR OJ YKZY
color of the text can be changed to draw attention towards headings
or important information in your document.
1. Select the text you want to
2 color.
3 2. click on Home tab.
3. click on the down arrow of
Font color.
Font color palette will appear.
ϰ
4. click on a color.
ϭ word applies the selected color
to the text.
In this example, we have applied red color to the text.

HIGHLIGHYING YKZY
You can draw attention to some parrt off the text in a document by
creating highlights with the use
e of color. Highlighting text in a
document is useful for marking informa
rm ion that you may want to
review or verify later.
1. click on Home tab.
ϭ 2 2. click on the down arrow of
3 Text highlight color button.
3. click on the desired highlight
color.
The mouse pointer changes to
( ).
PM PUBLISHERS PVT. LTD.

4. Select each area of text you want to highlight.

The text you select appears highlighted.
5. when you finish highlighting the text, press the Esc key from keyboard.

Jołm9WWiug T4u1uiqL4s
ϰϴ
Stream method͗ AƉƉůLJ ĨŽƌŵaƚƚiŶŐ ďĞĨŽƌĞ LJŽƵ Ɛƚaƌƚ ƚLJƉiŶŐ a ǁŽƌd Žƌ ƉaƐƐaŐĞ͕ aŶd ƚŚĞŶ ƚƵƌŶ iƚ ŽĨĨ
ǁŚĞŶ LJŽƵ aƌĞ dŽŶĞ. FŽƌ ĞdžaŵƉůĞ͕ cůicŬ ƚŚĞ Bold ƚŽŽů͕ ƚLJƉĞ a ǁŽƌd aŶd ƚŚĞŶ cůicŬ ƚŚĞ Bold ƚŽŽů
aŐaiŶ. Selection method͗ SĞůĞcƚ ƚŚĞ ƚĞdžƚ LJŽƵ ǁaŶƚ ƚŽ ĨŽƌŵaƚ aŶd ƚŚĞŶ aƉƉůLJ ƚŚĞ ĨŽƌŵaƚƚiŶŐ.
KHANGING ALIGN4KNY OJ YKZY
You can align text in four different ways to enhance the appearance
of your document. By default, word aligns the text to the Left.
1. Select the text that you want to
2 format.
3 2. click on Home tab.
3. click on one of the following
buttons:
o Align Left ( ) to left-align text
ϭ (or press Ctrl+L)
o Center ( ) to center-align text
(or press Ctrl+E)
o Align Right ( ) to right-

P
align text (or press Ctrl+R)
o Justify ( ) to justify text
between the left and right
margins (or press Ctrl+J)

The text displays the new

alignment.
To deselect the text,
click outside the selected
area.
In this example, we have used
Center align command.

By repeating the steps 1 to 3, select the remaining text and Justify it.

So friends, I hope you enjoyed

(CODEBOT)
IT PLANET −3
making the project by using
the different features of
Word. Now, time to s
ave
it.

ϰϵ

Finis
h
 S9viug 9
DouLm4uW
The document must be saved into the memory of computer for its
future use. Once the document is saved, you can review and edit it
later. File created in word 2016 is saved with the file extension .docx.
1. click on File tab.
ϭ
Backstage view appears.

2. click on the Save or

Save As option.

2 Fou can even click the

Save button [ ] on
Quick Access Toolbar to
save the document.
Locations where you can save your file appe r here. Once you select a
location, folders available at that location
ca a pear on the right side of the
screen.
3. click on Browse.
Save As dialog box
appears.
4. click on these areas
to navigate to the
3
folder in which you
want to save the
ϰ document.
PM PUBLISHERS PVT. LTD.

5. Type a name for the

document.
6. click on Save.

ϲ
ϱϬ word saves the document, and the new file name appears on the title bar.
The keyboard shortcut to save a document is Gtrl + S.
 In a Nutshell
o A word processor is a computer software that is used for creating
and formatting a document.
o MS-word is a word processing program developed by Microsoft.
o Before making a change in the text, you must select it first.
o Formatting means changing the layout of the text of the document.
o You can align text in four different ways to enhance your
document’s appearance.
o The word 2016 file is saved with .docx file extension.

Exercises

A. Tick QR th٩ corr٩ct anÃw٩r.

1. ............................... is an examplle of a word processor.
a. MS Paint b. MS word c. windows 10
2. ............................... is a free
fre oppen soource word processor.
a. word c. Google Docs
b. writer
3. ............................... bar is situated at the bottom of a word document.

a. Scroll b. Title c. Status

4. we can use double-click to select a ............................... .
a. paragraph b. word c. line
5. ............................... text is useful for marking information. (CODEBOT)
IT PLANET −3
a. Highlighting b. Formatting c. Selecting

fl. Writ٩ `T´ for Tru٩ and ` ´ for alÃ٩ Ãtat٩m٩ntÃ.

1. we can modify the document by editing and formatting.
2. work area is where we enter or type the text.
3. To select a paragraph, you have to click two times over it.
4. Formatting means making any changes to the document. ϱϭ
5. word 2016 file is saved in .txt file extension.
 C. Writ٩ th٩ Ãhortcut k٩yà for th٩ following.
1. Saving a document ....................................
2. Bold text
....................................
3. Italic text
....................................
4. Select entire text
....................................
k. ill in th٩ blankÃ.
1. .........................
is a free online word processor.
2. .........................
bar is situated at the bottom of a word document.
3. A ......................... is a typeface that defines the shape of each character.
4. By default, word aligns text to the ......................... .
5. word file is saved with......................extension.

MP
E. AnÃw٩r th٩ following qu٩ÃtionÃ.
1. what is a word processor?
.........................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................
2. what do you mean by for
attin text?
.........................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................
3. why do we need to change the size of the text in a document?
.........................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................
PM PUBLISHERS PVT. LTD.

4. what is the use of saving a document?

.........................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................
. Application-baÃ٩d Au٩Ãtion
Abha wrote an essay on Dr. A.P.J. Abdul kalam. Now, she wants to change
ϱ2 the font of the essay. As she is not able to do it, help her to do the task.
..............................................................................................................................
 Activity
Section
Activity Puzzle Time
Solv٩ th٩ croÃÃword puzzl٩ with th٩ h٩lp of giv٩n clu٩Ã.
2 3
1. A software for creating
document W
D C R
G ϱ
ϭ W
2. Free online word processor
3. A part of LibreOffice suite
4 T L R
4. The topmost bar of window L
5. Displays groups of related
commands in tab
6. To move the document up, ϳ K A
N
O R L B
down, right, and left
7. A place where you type the ϲ

S
text of your document

Lab Activity
Op٩n Word, cr٩at٩ a n٩w docum٩nt and typ٩ th٩ following Ãtory.

Two Goats
One day, two goats arrived at same bridge. It was a narrow bridge.
the
The wise one laid down on t e bridge. The other walked over him.
They crossed the bridge comfortably and went on their ways.

Now, perform the following tasks: Skill

1. Set the heading font size as 18 points and color red. Formation TŚiƐ
2. Make the heading bold and italic. acƚiǀiƚLJ ǁiůů aid
3. Set the font size of rest of the text as 14 points and ƚŚĞ ƐƚƵdĞŶƚƐ iŶ
color blue. ƉƌĞƐĞŶƚiŶŐ ƚŚĞ
4. Save the document with your name. ŐiǀĞŶ iŶĨŽƌŵaƚiŽŶ
iŶ a ƐLJƐƚĞŵaƚic
5. write the moral of the story and align it at center.
(CODEBOT)
IT PLANET −3

ŵaŶŶĞƌ.

Group Discussion
PiVsuVV thH variouV formatting toolV availablH in HS-Word.
 Online Link
To learn more about creating a document in MS Word, visit the website:
ϱ3

https:JJwww.computerhope.comJjargonJmJmicrosoft-word.htm
 Worksheet-I
Chapters Y - 4

A. Tick [] the correct answer.

1. The meaningful and organized form of data is called ................. .
a. data b. information c. process
2. cPU works as ........................... of the computer.
a. brain b. hands c. eye
3. ....................... are used to launch some selected windows 1o programs
with a click of mouse.
a. Default program b. Status bar c. Tool bar
4. .................. in Paint 3D are used to add texxture and icons.
a. Images b. Stamps
ps c. Stickers
5. By default, word aligns the text to .................. .
a. right b. left
ft
c. center
B. Write 'T' for True and 'F'
'F for False
statements.
1. The computer has a very large storage capacity.
2. Icons are the small pictures on the desktop.
3. Only 2D text can be added to a project in Paint3D.
4. writer is a free open source word processing program.
5. There are three different ways to align text in word.
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C. Fill in the blanks.

1. .......................... allows to store data and information for future use.
2. There are three methods to start an .......................... in windows 1o.
3. .......................... is the area where we draw in Paint 3D.
4. ..........................
tools appear an object when we select it from 3D
library.
ϱϰ
5. Font is a typeface that defines the .......................... of each character.
D. Define the following.
1. Hardware: .......................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................
2. warm booting: ...............................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................
3. Formatting: ....................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................
4. Font: ...............................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................
E. Answer the following questions.
1. How does processing unit work in IPO cycle?

M
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
2. why do we need a software?
re
........................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
3. what is the need of user interface? Explain its types.
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................

IT PLANET −3 (CODEBOT)
4. what are the types of stickers available in Paint 3D?
........................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................
5. why do we increase and decrease the text size in word?
........................................................................................................................ ϱϱ
........................................................................................................................
 CYBE zon TERM - 2
R E

Internet
ş OBJECTIyE
After completing this chapter, you will be able to:
 UŶdĞƌƐƚaŶd ƚŚĞ ŵĞaŶiŶŐ ŽĨ IŶƚĞƌŶĞƚ.
 UŶdĞƌƐƚaŶd diĨĨĞƌĞŶƚ ƵƐĞƐ ŽĨ IŶƚĞƌŶĞƚ.
 LĞaƌŶ iŵƉŽƌƚaŶƚ ƚĞƌŵƐ ƌĞůaƚĞd ƚŽ IŶƚĞƌŶĞƚ.
S

Hey Friends! Internet is a special feature of

the computer through which you can
search any information and communicate
with anyone, sitting at one place. Let us
know more about
the Internet.

luWłodLuWiou
The Internet is
popularly
M
called Ne . It is the largest network that

connects millions of computers

er across the world.
with the help of Internet, you can:
o search on any topic
o buy or sell things
o listen to music and play games
o send messages and communicate with your friends and family
PM PUBLISHERS PVT. LTD.

'nternet
#

WWW Music Internet

Games

E-mai'

Chatting
Search
on Web

ϱϲ No one knows exactly how many computers are connected to the

Internet. It is certain, however, that these numbers are in trillions and are
increasing at a rapid rate.
Fs4s ot
luW4łu4W
Today, the Internet is used by most of the people. It has become a
powerful tool in today’s world. The different uses of Internet are:

Kr4AIL (KLKKYRONIK 4AIL)

An electronic mail (e-mail) enables us to send
and receive messages to/from people from
anywhere.

SKARKH INJOR4AYION
You can find any kind of information you
require through the Internet. It is a valuable
tool for study and research.
SHOPPING
You can purchase or sell products on the
Internet even while sitting at home. You c n
place the order and pay throug gh a crediit/debit
card on the Internet. T h e prodpr u ct gets
delivered at the place of your choice.

KHAYYING
Internet allows you to exchange typed messages with
others. A message once sent instantly appears on the
other person’s computer or any other device.
(CODEBOT)
IT PLANET −3
ADUKRYISK4KNY
Many companies advertise themselves and their products on the
Internet if they have their websites on the Internet.

Update Your Knowledge Do You Know≥

IŶƚĞƌŶĞƚ ǁaƐ dĞǀĞůŽƉĞd ďLJ ƚŚĞ Advanced Research NŽ ƐiŶŐůĞ ƉĞƌƐŽŶ͕ cŽŵƉaŶLJ͕ iŶƐƚiƚƵƚiŽŶ͕ Žƌ ϱϳ
Projects Agency (ARPA) ŽĨ ƚŚĞ US ŐŽǀĞƌŶŵĞŶƚ iŶ ŐŽǀĞƌŶŵĞŶƚ aŐĞŶcLJ ŽǁŶƐ ƚŚĞ IŶƚĞƌŶĞƚ. EacŚ
ϭϵϲϵ aŶd ǁaƐ ĨiƌƐƚ ŬŶŽǁŶ aƐ ARPANET. ŽƌŐaŶinjaƚiŽŶ ŽŶ ƚŚĞ IŶƚĞƌŶĞƚ iƐ ƌĞƐƉŽŶƐiďůĞ ŽŶůLJ
ĨŽƌ ŵaiŶƚaiŶiŶŐ iƚƐ ŽǁŶ ŶĞƚǁŽƌŬ.
 LISYKNING YO 47SIK AND VAYKHING 4OUIKS
You can use the Internet to listen to songs
and watch movies. YouTube is a video
sharing service that is one of the most
popular sites/apps on the Internet.

PLA₹ING GA4KS
The Internet also provides a wide range of
games that you can either play online or
download on your computer.

SOKIAL NKYVORΣING
Social networking is a service that
enables you to connect with people who

PM
share similar personal or professional
ona
interests. One of the most popular social
so l
networking sites is Facebook.

luW4łu4W
T4łmsare some of the important terms related to Internet:
Following

VORLD VIDK VKB (VVV)

World Wide or is an electronic
Web web
library that contains lots of information in the
PM PUBLISHERS PVT. LTD.

form of text, pictures, and sound. It was

developed by Tim Berners-Lee in 1989.

VKB PAGK
Web page is a single page on the web that contains
information in the form of text, graphic, sound and/or
ϱϴ video.
VKBSIYK
A collection of web pages related to the same
topic is called website. A website is organized by
different organizations like schools, hospitals,
companies and even individuals.

VKB BROVSKR
Web browser or simply browser is a
software used to open a web page or website.
Some popular browsers are Google chrome,
Microsoft Edge, and Mozilla Firefox.

HO4K PAGK
whenever you open a web browser, the first page that
appears is the home page. It always displays the

M
starting web page of a website. This page links to all
other pages on the website.

LINΣ
A link, call d hyperlink,
hy is a built-in connection to
also
another related
ate web page or the part of a web page.
when you click the link, the other page loads into your
web browser automatically.

7NIJOR4 RKSO7RKK LOKAYOR (7RL)

Every website on the Internet has a unique
address. This address of a website or web page
(CODEBOT)
IT PLANET −3

is called the URL.

SKARKH KNGINK
Search engine is the software that finds websites,
web pages, images, videos, news, maps, and
other information related to a specific topic on the
Internet. Some popular search engines are Google, ϱϵ
Bing and Yahoo.
 In a Nutshell
o Internet is the largest network that connects millions of
computers across the world.
o Internet is used for e-mailing, searching information, shopping,
chatting, advertisement, listening to music, watching
movies, playing games and social networking.
o web browser is a program that is used to open the web pages or
website.
o Every website has its unique address called URL.

Exercises

P
A. Tisk >@ thH sorrHst anVwHr.
1. computers connected to ....................... exchange information with one
another.

a. television b. Internet
In et c. telephone
2. You can communicate with
wit other
ot s on Internet through .......................... .
a. chatting b. browsing c. advertising
3. A collection of web page
ges is called ............................ .

a. website b. link c. URL

4. The first page that appears in a browser is called......................page.
a. search b. home c. middle

%. WritH `T´ for TruH and `)´ for )alVH VtatHmHntV.

PM PUBLISHERS PVT. LTD.

1. Everybody knows exactly how many computers are

connected to the Internet.
2. You cannot purchase or sell products on the Internet.
3. Facebook is a popular social networking site.
4. A web browser is the address of a website or a web page.
5. A link is a built-in connection to another related web page
ϲϬ or the part of a web page.
 C. )ill in thH blankV.
1. ...................... enables us to send and receive messages to/from people
from anywhere.
2. ...................... enables us to connect with people who share similar
personal interests.
3. ...................... is a collection of web pages related to the same topic.
4. Each page on the web has a unique address called the ...................... .
5. ...................... is a software used to open web page or website.
P. GivH thH full form of thH following.
1. E-mail ...........................................................................................................
2. www ...........................................................................................................
3. URL ...........................................................................................................
E. PHfinH thH following.
1. Home page: ....................................................................................................

M
.........................................................................................................................
2. Link: ...............................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................
). AnVwHr thH following quHVtion .
1. what do you mean by In
nternet?
.........................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................
2. write any four uses of Internet.
.........................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................
(CODEBOT)
3. what is the use of search engine? IT PLANET −3
.........................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................
G. Applisation-baVHd AuHVtion
Danish wants to order DVD of the latest Xbox game. He does not know
how to search and order it from Internet. He needs your help. Help him by
telling him the services used for this purpose.
ϲϭ
.............................................................................................................................
 Activity
Section ϱ

B
Activity Crossword
2 ϲ
SolvH thH sroVVword with thH hHlp of givHn isonV.
t U

ϭ E A
1 2 3

3 I <

4 5 6 4 O G

Activity Tick and

Write

PMP
ThiV robot iV VpHaking VomH wordV. CirslH thH IntHrnHt-rHlatHd wordV
and writH thHm in thH VpasH givHn bHllow.
tebsite Printer
Search Engine
...........................................
Hard Disk ttt Keyboard
........................................... teb Page
Mouse
...........................................

...........................................

Lab Activity
With thH hHlp of \our tHashHr in thH
Vshool, opHn thH wHb browVHr and find thH Skill Formation
information on ´THn )amouV Indian )oodV” TŚiƐ acƚiǀiƚLJ ǁiůů ĞŶŚaŶcĞ
PM PUBLISHERS PVT. LTD.

and t\pH thH VamH on HS-Word. ƚŚĞ ƐĞůĨ−diƌĞcƚĞd

ůĞaƌŶiŶŐ aďiůiƚLJ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ
ƐƚƵdĞŶƚƐ.
Group Discussion
PividH thH VtudHntV into two groupV and diVsuVV thH topis −
`AdvantagHV and PiVadvantagHV of IntHrnHt´.

Online link
ϲ2
To learn more about Internet and its terms, visit the website:
https:JJwww.lifewire.comJtop-internet-terms-for-beginners-2483381
 CO038T$T ION$L T+IN.ING

Algorithm and Sequence

Š After completing this chapter, you will be able to:
OBJECTIyE
ͻ UŶdĞƌƐƚaŶd aďŽƵƚ aůŐŽƌiƚŚŵ aŶd ƐĞƋƵĞŶciŶŐ.
ͻ LĞaƌŶ aďŽƵƚ ďƌaŶcŚiŶŐ (IĨ−ƚŚĞŶ) ƐƚaƚĞŵĞŶƚ.
• LĞaƌŶ aďŽƵƚ aďƐƚƌacƚiŽŶ aŶd dĞďƵŐŐiŶŐ.
S

Hey Friends! You have already learnt

about patterns, decomposition and coding
in your previous class. Now, we are going

MP
to learn about fundamentals of coding.

AlgołiW1m 9ud S4qL4uu4

An algorithm is a set of step-by -by-step in tructions to solve a problem.
th help
Let us understand it with the p of an example.
what steps would you follow to buy a chocolate?
The possible steps are as follows:
lo
Step 1: Take money and go to the shop.
Step 2: choose the chocolate of your
choice. Step 3: Pay money to the
shopkeeper.
Step 4: Take the balance amount (if any).
Finally, you get the desired result, i.e. a chocolate.
(CODEBOT)
IT PLANET −3

Here, we have created an algorithm that consists of these steps.

Each step is an instruction to be performed.
You know that you cannot change the order of these steps. This is
called a sequence.
Sequencing is the particular order in which instructions are
performed in an algorithm. ϲ3

Understanding the process of building the algorithm and sequence helps students
build a strong foundation in logical thinking and problem-solving.
 Activit Sequen
y ce
GROVING A PLANY
write the number of steps in the correct sequence.

PMP
Tiny sprouts are formed͘ Pour water in the soil͘

Put soil in the pot͘ Keep the pot in sunlight͘

PM PUBLISHERS PVT. LTD.

ϲϰ

Plant starts to grow͘ Drop seeds in the pot͘

Bł9uu1iug Ilt-T14u)
SW9W4m4uW
You must have heard something like this from your parents or elders:
“If you get good marks in exams...................[condition]
then you will get a .........................”. [action, if the condition is met]
Similarly, some algorithms also contain these condition–action
based instructions. The If-then is a branching conditional statement. It
is used to decide the execution of statements on some conditions.
First, the condition is checked and if it is true, only then a certain
course of action takes place.
Let us understand this with the help of an algorithm.

MP
Step 1: Go to a restaurant.
Step 2: Order soup and noodles.
Step If soup arrives first, [c
co dition]
3:
Step The pick a spoon.
oo [Action]
4: n
Step If noodles arrrive first, [condition]
5:
Step The pick a fork. [Action]
6: n
Here, you are instructed to pick a spoon if soup arrives before the
noodles and if noodles arrive first then pick a fork.
(CODEBOT)
IT PLANET −3

ϲϱ

The knowledge of branching statement enables the students to grasp the concept
of cause and effect which applies to a variety of academic areas and real-life
situations.
 Activity
Match the If–Then statements by drawing a
line to connect the correct sentences.

lJ.... TMEN....

ϭ͘ If you are feeling hungry͕ a͘ take swimming classes͘

M
2͘ If you are feeling bored b͘ eat a piece of cake͘
PM PUBLISHERS PVT. LTD.

3͘ If you want to act like a fish͕ c͘ have some fish͘

ϲϲ

4͘ If you have a sweet tooth͕ d͘ play cricket outside͘

AbsWł9uWi
ou
Abstraction means to focus on important information and ignore
the rest. It means filtering out the data which you need from the
whole.
Let us clarify it with the help of an example.

Children! You know about

different shapes such as
square, triangle, rectangle and
circle.

In our real world also, we see these shapes in everyday objects such
as the sun (circular), birthday cap (triangular), pencil-box (rectangular)
and so on.

(CODEBOT)
IT PLANET −3

we can easily tell the shape of these objects as the sun is round
(circular), birthday cap is triangular and pencil-box is rectangular.
Abstraction helps the students to learn to identify the details that are ϲϳ
important in solving a problem.
 Activit Abstracti
y on
ABSYRAKY YHK SHAPKS JRO4 OBJKKYS
Match the object to its correct shape.

Lc ac

2c bc

3c
M cc

4c dc
PM PUBLISHERS PVT. LTD.

ec
5c

ϲϴ
D4bLggiug
Sometimes, we make mistakes while writing an
algorithm due to which it does not work correctly.
These mistakes are called bugs.
Debugging is a process to find these bugs and remove them.
when these bugs are removed, algorithms work correctly!
consider the following algorithm to get ready for school.
Step 1: wake up.
Step 2: Get dressed.
Step 3: Brush teeth.
Step 4:
Step 5:
Step 6:
PMP
Take bath.
Eat breakfast.
Go to school.
Is this algorithm correct? No.
There is a mistake (bug) in
it; 2 should come after Step 4.
Step
So, we need to debug this alg
gorrithm and rewrite the steps correctly.
Step 1: wake up.
Step 2: Brush teeth.
Step 3: Take bath.
Step 4: Get dressed.
(CODEBOT)
IT PLANET −3

Step 5: Eat breakfast.

Step 6: Go to school.
After debugging, the algorithm works correctly!!!
Learning the process of debugging sets students on the path of becoming a
ϲϵ
better coder and problem-solver.
 Activit Debuggi
y ng
DKB7G IY!!
Each of these sequences has a bug (mistake)
in it. Find the bug and cross it out.
Lc
End
Move Move Move
Up Right Down
Begin

2c

MP
End
Move Move Move
Right Left Up
Begin

3c

Move Move Move

Up Left Down
Begin End

ȗNote: Do not consider shaded areas.

In a Nutshell
PM PUBLISHERS PVT. LTD.

o An algorithm is a step-by-step instruction to solve a problem.

o Sequencing is the particular order in which instructions are
performed in an algorithm.
o The If-then statement is used to decide the execution of
statements on some conditions.
o Abstraction means filtering out the data which you need from the
whole.
ϳϬ o Debugging is the process of find bugs (errors) in algorithm and
remove them.
 Exercises
A. WritH `T´ for TruH and `)´ for )alVH VtatHmHntV.
1. we can change the order of steps in an algorithm.
2. Abstraction means filtering out the required data from the whole.
3. Mistakes found while writing an algorithm are called bugs.
4. Debugging is the particular order in which instructions are
performed in an algorithm.

%. )ill in thH blankV.

1. ........................... is a set of step-by-step instructions to solve a problem.
2. The ........................... is a branching conditional statement.
3. ........................... means to focus on important information and ignore
the rest.
4. ........................... are mistakes that ha are committed while writing an
algorithm.
5. After debugging, the algorithm works wor s ........................... .

Acctivvity
Section
Lab Activity Skill Formation
TŚiƐ acƚiǀiƚLJ aidƐ iŶ ƚŚĞ
OpHn thH Edusational SuitH GCompriV > @. dĞǀĞůŽƉŵĞŶƚ ŽĨ ƐƉaƚiaů
1. click on this icon [ ]. iŶƚĞůůiŐĞŶcĞ aŶd
ĞŶŚaŶcĞƐ cŽŐŶiƚiǀĞ ƐŬiůůƐ.
2. click on Programming Maze []. (CODEBOT)
IT PLANET −3
PLA₹ING 4KYHOD
You can play this game by helping the
hungry Tux to find the fish using the
instructions like move forward, turn left
and turn right.
choose the instructions, arrange them in
order and then press OK to lead the Tux ϳϭ
to his goal.
 Art Integration
Activity Analogies
SƚƵdĞŶƚƐ ǁiůů ůĞaƌŶ ƚŽ dƌaǁ
diĨĨĞƌĞŶƚ ƚLJƉĞƐ ŽĨ ƐŚaƉĞƐ.
A. Draw and color (whenever TŚĞLJ ǁiůů ďĞ aďůĞ ƚŽ
required) what should come idĞŶƚiĨLJ diĨĨĞƌĞŶƚ ƚLJƉĞƐ
ŽĨ cŽůŽƌƐ.
next.
Lc

2c

3c MP
4c

5c
PM PUBLISHERS PVT. LTD.

6c

ϳ2
Activity Match Skill Formation
TŚiƐ acƚiǀiƚLJ ŚĞůƉƐ iŶ ƚŚĞ
dĞǀĞůŽƉŵĞŶƚ ŽĨ ƐŽƌƚiŶŐ
B. Match the kettle with the ƐŬiůů iŶ ƐƚƵdĞŶƚƐ.
right cup.

Lc ac

2c bc

3c
PMP cc

4c dc

5c ec
(CODEBOT)
IT PLANET −3

6c fc

ϳ3
 CODING J 8 NC T ION

Scratch 3.0
š After completing this chapter, you will be able to:
OBJECTIyE
 UŶdĞƌƐƚaŶd ƚŚĞ ŵĞaŶiŶŐ aŶd adǀaŶƚaŐĞƐ ŽĨ ScƌaƚcŚ.
 UŶdĞƌƐƚaŶd cŽŵƉŽŶĞŶƚƐ ŽĨ ScƌaƚcŚ 3 ǁiŶdŽǁ.
 IdĞŶƚiĨLJ aŶd ǁŽƌŬ ǁiƚŚ ScƌaƚcŚ ďůŽcŬƐ.
 CƌĞaƚĞ aŶd ƌƵŶ a ScƌaƚcŚ ƉƌŽŐƌaŵ.
S

 SaǀĞ a ScƌaƚcŚ ƉƌŽjĞcƚ.

Hi Friends! In your previous class, you learnt

a simple, fun-based programming language
ScratchJr. In this chapter, you will learn
about Scratch, the advance form of ScratchJr.

luWłodLuWiou
Scratch is a free visual programming
gramm language, where you
move
blocks (also called bubbles)
le into a t order and then configure the
s
blocks to create interactctive
ve sto ies, games, and animations. This
language is fairly easy for anyone to learn, regardless of age. It
includes graphics and sounds and enables you to quickly see the
results of your work.
Started in 2oo7, Scratch was developed by the
Lifelong Kindergarten Group at the MIT
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology) Media Lab,
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led by Mitchel Resnick.

ADUANYAGKS OJ SKRAYKH MiƚcŚĞů RĞƐŶicŬ

Scratch is an easy programming language for many reasons.

o You do not have to remember or type any commands; they are all
on the screen, so you just need to drag and drop them.
o commands or blocks fit together like jigsaw pieces, so there are
ϳϰ clear visual hints about how you can combine them.
o The commands are color-coded and categorized, so you can easily
find a command when you need it.
SPRIYKS
Scratch projects are made up of objects or characters
called sprites. You can give instructions to a sprite,
telling it to move or play music, or interact with other
sprites. To tell a sprite what to do, you snap graphic
blocks together into stacks called scripts. You can
also change how a sprite looks by giving it a different
costume. Sprite

SW9łWiug Suł9Wu1
3
Scratch is a free open source programming software. By default,
Scratch is not installed in windows 1o. You have to download it from
the Internet and install it on your computer. Once installed, follow

MP
these steps to open Scratch in windows 1o.

1. clic
ck on Start icon to open
Start menu (or press ).
A lis
istt of all installed apps appears on
the left.
2
2. Scroll down and click on Scratch 3.

ϭ
Scratch window
appears on the computer
screen as shown on the
(CODEBOT)
IT PLANET −3
left.

ϳϱ

In this chapter, we will work on Scratch 3 version, which was officially released in San 2019·
 7NDKRSYANDING SKRAYKH 3 VINDOV
when Scratch starts up, you will see a screen similar to the one shown below.
The different areas of the screen have been labeled for you.

Menu Bar Tabs Script Area Green Flag

Stop
Button Stage

Blocks Sprite
Sprite
Info Pane
Script

Blocks
Palette

Add Choose a
Extension Backdrop

Sprites List Choose a Sprite

Menu Bar: It is used display drop-down menus that provide

to
common commands to the user, such as New, Save, etc.
Blocks: This area lists nine categories of color-coded blocks.
Blocks Palette: This area shows all the blocks available to you.
Blocks are color-coded by category. They can be dragged to Script
Area for coding sprite on stage.
Script Area: It is the place where you make your programs in
Scratch by assembling blocks there.
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Script: Script is also known as program. It is a collection of stepwise

instructions given to the sprite in the form of stack of blocks.
Sprite Info Pane: In this area, you will find the name of the
current sprite together with its x-y position, size and direction. This
area also allows you to show or hide the sprite.
ϳϲ Stage: It is the place where you see your stories, games, and
animations come to life. Sprites move and interact with one another
on the stage.
Tabs: Tabs allow you to see and change the current sprite.
•
Code tab shows you any script that currently exists. It also helps you
develop new scripts pertaining to the current sprite.
•
Costumes tab allows you to create, edit, or copy the image of the
sprite on screen.
•
Sounds tab displays the sounds of the current sprite.
Green Flag: You can click on the Green Flag to run your main program.
Stop Button: You can click on this button to stop your running
program.
Sprite: It is a small character that performs all actions in the
Scratch. There are a number of sprites present in the Scratch, but the
Scratch cat is the default sprite.
Choose a Sprite: By using this button, you yo can choose a new sprite
from library, paint it, upload it from a file, or get it from camera.
Choose a Backdrop: By thiis buttton, you can choose a new
using
backdrop of the program from library.
Sprites List: The cat is a sprite whic
wh h is like a character or an object in
ig include
a game. Your project might in many sprites. In the Sprites List,
you can see all the sprites that are in your project and click them to
switch from one another.
Add Extension: This button lets you access a number of other
block types like Pen, or Music blocks.

SKRAYKH BLOKΣS (CODEBOT)

IT PLANET −3
The Scratch blocks are organized into color-coded categories.
Motion: These blocks define the movement of sprites.
Looks: These blocks change the appearance and costumes of
sprites.
Sound: These blocks control the playback and volume of musical
notes and audio files.
ϳϳ
 Events: These blocks are used to control events and the triggering of
scripts.
Control: These blocks are used to control the execution of script based
on a predefined event.
Sensing: These blocks let multiple sprites interact with themselves.
Operators: These blocks perform mathematical functions within the
project.
Variables: These blocks are used to store data, like name, in a project.
My Blocks: You can create your own blocks, using this option.

Wołkiug wiW1 Blouks

when you click on any category of blo ks, you can view the code
blocks belonging to that category. whe
hen you click blocks in the Blocks

M
Palette, the sprite moves immediately. Le
et us move the sprite using
Motion blocks.

4OYION BLOKΣS
These blocks control sprite placement and movement.
1. click the Motion
button and look at the
ϭ
various Motion
blocks.
When you first start
Scratch, Motion button is
selected by default.
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2. In the Blocks Palette,

2
click the move 10
steps block.
The cat on the stage
moves in the direction of
its face.
ϳϴ
Each time you click the
block, the cat moves.
 3. click on the number 10 and
3 change it to 50.
ϰ
The number determines how far
across the sprite moves on the
screen.
4. click the block and the
cat moves according to
the specified number.

7SING PKN KZYKNSION

Pen is used to draw shapes using different colors and sizes. By
default, Pen is not located in the Blocks category. To use Pen, you
have to enable it from Extensions.

P
1. click on Add Extension
button from the bottom left
corner.
ϭ

Choose an Extension window

appears.
2 2. click on Pen extension.

Pen extension appears in the

Blocks category.
(CODEBOT)
IT PLANET −3
3. click the Pen extension.
ϰ
4. click on pen down block.

Now, if you click the Motion button and click the blocks to move the cat
around, it will leave a line behind it, wherever it goes.
ϳϵ
 ϱ 5. click the Motion button.
ϲ
6. In the Blocks Palette, click
ϳ the move 10 steps block
and change the number 10
to 50.
7. click the move 50 steps
block.
The cat on the stage moves
in the direction of its face
and leaves a line behind it.

LOOΣS BLOKΣS
These blocks change the sprite and background appearance.
1. click the Looks button to
ϭ display the Looks blocks.
2. click on next costume block.
It w ll make the cat’s legs
2 move as if it is running.

Costumes are just different pictures a sprite has. The cat

has two costumes that show its legs in different positions.

0łoj4uW: M9k4 W14 C9W Dł9w 9

Ciłul4
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Star
t

ϴϬ KRKAYING A PROGRA4
when you click blocks in the Blocks Palette, the sprite moves
immediately; it only tests what blocks do, but it is not a program.
A program is a set of repeatable instructions that you can store up
to carry out later. In the Script Area, you make your programs in Scratch
by dragging the blocks from Blocks Palette and dropping them on top
of one another.
2
1. click on the cat in the
Sprites List.
3
2. click the Code tab.
3. click the Motion button.

4. Select the turn

ϰ clockwise 15 degrees
ϱ
block.
5. Drag this block from the
Blocks Palette into the
Script Area using the
mouse.
This first block turns the cat
downwards.

6. Select the move 10

steps block, drag it
into the Script Area,
(CODEBOT)
IT PLANET −3
and place it under the
ϲ first block.
Blocks snap together.
These joined blocks are
called script or
program.

ϴϭ

This second block moves the cat in the direction of its face.
 7. click on the number 10 to
select and change it to 20.
The number determines how
ϳ far across the screen you
want the cat to move.

8. click on Add Extension

button.
ϴ

9. click on Pen extension.

1o. click the Pen extension to

display the Pen blocks.
11. Select the pen down
block, drag it into the Script
ϭϭ Area, and place it
underneath the second
ϭϬ block.
This third block leaves a line
behind it, when the cat
moves.

12. Select the set pen size

to 1 block, drag it into
the Script Area, and
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place it underneath the

ϭ2 third block.
ϭ3 This fourth block changes the
thickness of line.
13. click on the number 1 to
select and change it
to 20.
ϴ2 The number determines how
thick the size of line will be.
Now, run the script and check its working.
R7NNING YHK PROGRA4
1. click any of the joined-up blocks
in Script Area.
ϭ
Scratch carries out all the joined-
up instructions in order, starting
from the top and working its
way down the blocks.
In this program, the cat first rotates 15 degrees clockwise, moves 2o steps in
the direction of its face, and leaves a line behind it.
2. keep clicking on the joined-up
blocks in Script Area till the
sprite (cat) completes its circle.
2
On every click, Scratch carries
out all the joined-up instructions

P
in order, starting from the top
and working its way down the
blocks.

Friends, your prroject

is no
o commplete.
Finish

S9viug 9 0łoj4uW
A project includes the sprites and scripts that are used in it. It is
a good idea to save your projects, so you can see, reuse or edit them in
future. The file extension of Scratch programs is .sb3.
ϭ 1. click on File menu.
(CODEBOT)
2. click on Save to your IT PLANET −3
2
computer. The Save As dialog
box appears.
3. Navigate the location where you want to save the project.
4. Type the name of your project in the File name text box.
5. click on Save to save your project.

Do You Know≥ ϴ3
TŽ ŽƉĞŶ a ƐaǀĞd ƉƌŽjĞcƚ͕ cůicŬ a ĨiůĞ aŶd ƐĞůĞcƚ load from your computer aŶd
ƐĞůĞcƚ ĨiůĞ ƚŚƌŽƵŐŚ ďƌŽǁƐiŶŐ ĨƌŽŵ OƉĞŶ diaůŽŐ ďŽdž.
 In a Nutshell
o Scratch is a free visual programming language used to create
interactive stories, games, and animations.
o Scratch project is made up of objects called sprites.
o Script Area is a place where user makes programs by assembling
blocks.
o Stage is a place where we see our stories, games and animations
come to life.
o In Scratch, we have color-coded blocks named Motion, Looks,
Sound, Events, control, Sensing, Operators, Variables and My Blocks.

Exercises
A. Tisk >@ thH sorrHst anVwHr.
1. Scratch projects are made up of objects called ........................... .
a. sprites b. costtumes c. bubbles
2............................show
ws all the blocks available to us for use in
programming.
a. Toolbar b. Blocks Palette c. Menu Bar
3. The default sprite present in the Scratch is ........................... .
a. dog b. cat c. mouse
4. ........................... blocks let multiple sprites interact with themselves.

a. Operators b. Sensing c. Variables

5. ........................... are different pictures a sprite has.
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a. Motions b. Extensions c. costumes

%. WritH `T´ for TruH and `)´ for )alVH VtatHmHntV.

1. Blocks menu displays list of ten categories of color-coded
blocks.
2. Green flag is used to start the main program.
3. Tabs allow us to see and change the current sprite.
ϴϰ 4. To run the program, click outside the joined-up blocks of script.
5. The file extension of Scratch programs is .sbz.
C. )ill in thH blankV.
1. You can change how a sprite looks by giving it a different
.......................... .
2. Script is also known as .......................... .
3. .......................... is a small character that performs all the actions in
Scratch.
4. .......................... blocks perform mathematical functions within a project.
5. .......................... is used to draw shapes using different colors and sizes.
P. PHfinH thH following.
1. Stage: .............................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................
2. Script Area: ....................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
3. Program: .......................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................
E. AnVwHr thH following quHVtionV.
1. write down any two advantages
nt of Scratch.
Sc
..........................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................
2. what is a sprite? what is its role in Scratch?
..........................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................
3. Name the categories of blocks present in Scratch window.
..........................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................... (CODEBOT)
4. what is the purpose of code and costumes tabs? IT PLANET −3
..........................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................
). Applisation-baVHd AuHVtion
Shikha has made a program in Scratch. She has added Motion blocks and
Looks blocks. Now, she wants to run the program. Tell her how she can do it.
...............................................................................................................................
ϴϱ
 Activity
Section
Activity Label
LabHl thH following window.

Lab Activity
HakH a projHst b\ arranging thH bloskV aV Vhown bHlow and run thH program.

Subject Integration
Mathematics
SƚƵdĞŶƚƐ ǁŽƵůd ůĞaƌŶ ƚŽ
ŵaŬĞ a ƐƋƵaƌĞ ƐŚaƉĞ ƵƐiŶŐ
SƌaƚcŚ ƉƌŽŐƌaŵŵiŶŐ.
PM PUBLISHERS PVT. LTD.

Group Discussion
PividH thH VtudHntV into two groupV and diVsuVV thH topis − `Ssratsh iV a )un-
baVHd Programming LanguagH´.

ϴϲ
Online Link
To learn about making a simple game on Scratch, visit the website:
https:JJjunilearning.comJblogJcoding-projectsJhow-to-make-a-scratch-game-step-by-
stepJ
 $RTI)ICI $L INTELLIGENCE

AI vs. Human Intelligence

Ţ After completing this chapter, you will be able to:
OBJECTIyE
 UŶdĞƌƐƚaŶd ƚŚĞ ŵĞaŶiŶŐ aŶd ĨĞaƚƵƌĞƐ ŽĨ ŚƵŵaŶ iŶƚĞůůiŐĞŶcĞ.
 DiĨĨĞƌĞŶƚiaƚĞ ďĞƚǁĞĞŶ ŚƵŵaŶ iŶƚĞůůiŐĞŶcĞ aŶd AI.
 LĞaƌŶ aďŽƵƚ ǁĞaŬ AI aŶd ƐƚƌŽŶŐ AI.
 UŶdĞƌƐƚaŶd ŚŽǁ ƚŽ ƉůaLJ YƵicŬ͕ Dƌaǁ͊
S

Friends! AI has become a popular

technology in today's world. It aims to
cover every field of life. Such a
widespread use of AI has in fact started a
debate — Artificial
Intelligence vs. Human Intell ce.
ge

AłWitiui9l luW4llig4uu4

making intelligent computer programs

or robots in a manner simi
M
Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a way of

milar to how
an intelligent human thinks an
nd acts.

MLm9u
luW4llig4uu4
Humans gain intelligence from past experiences and actions based on
different situations and environments.
JKAY7RKS OJ H74AN INYKLLIGKNKK
(CODEBOT)
IT PLANET −3

a) Problem-solving and decision-making: It is an ability to think,

learn and solve a problem by taking a decision to select the
best possible choice out of multiple choices.
b) Reasoning and planning: Reasoning is the ability to think
through various problems and apply strategies to solve them.
Planning is the series of action to be taken to achieve a goal. ϴϳ
c) Learning and adaptability: It is an ability of continuous
learning and adapting as per the situation and surroundings.
 A lot of differences exist between human intelligence and
Artificial Intelligence on the basis of nature, decision-making,
performance, adaptability, etc.
Some of them are listed below:

vs

COMPARIS HUMAN ARTIFICIAL

ON INTELLIGENC INTELLIGENCE (AI)
E
AI always mimics
cognitive Human intellligence i human behaviour.
based up pon common
behaviour sense, judgmen and
creativity.
Nature Human Intelligence is AI is artificial.
natural.
Adaptability Human Intelligence adapts AI takes more time
PM PUBLISHERS PVT. LTD.

easily to the change in to adjust to

the environment. unfamiliar changes.
Speed Human Intelligence AI machines can solve
cannot beat the speed any complex problem
of AI. very fast.
Decision- Human decision can be Decision-making
ϴϴ
making biased. capability of AI is
unbiased.
W49k Al vs. SWłoug
Al Intelligence can be categorized into two types: Weak AI and
Artificial
Strong AI.

WEAK AI STRONG AI
1. Machines powered with 1. Machines with strong
weak AI are designed and AI have the mind of their
trained for a particular task. own. These machines can
2. The virtual assistants like think and accomplish
Google Assistant, Siri and complex tasks on their
Alexa represent weak AI own without human
because they give a interference.

MP
programmed response which 2. we have seen strong AI
has been fed by human in sci-fi movies like ‘Her’,
beings. ‘The Terminator’, ‘I-
3. At present, all AI systems are Robot’ and ‘WALL-E’.
weak. 3. Strong AI is the future of
Artificial Intelligence.

Sop1i9 - 5obo
MLm9uoi
Sophia is a social W robot,
humanoid
created by Hanson Robotics. It has a
woman-like appearance and has marked
the beginning of creating a strong AI. (CODEBOT)
IT PLANET −3
Sophia was activated on February 14,
2016 and soon became a global star.
She has appeared in various TV
interviews and
public appearances. Her ability to see, imitate human gestures, and
facial expressions, and make simple conversation makes her one of a
kind.
ϴϵ
with so much progress happening in this field, one could imagine what
future can bring with the unstoppable journey of Artificial Intelligence.
 Al 19b
97IKΣ, DRAV! VIYH GOOGLK
Quick, Draw! is a free online game developed by Google. This
game prompts players to quickly draw six diơerent objects. It
gives 2o seconds to the player to draw the prompt. As you start to
draw the object, Quick, Draw! starts yelling out words and phrases it
thinks you are trying to illustrate.
Hoy to pla7 9tíck, Dгay!
To start this game, you need a computer with Internet connection.
1. click on Start icon to open
Start menu (or press ).

MP
2 2. cllick on Microsoft Edge.
Yo
ou can also open Microsoft Edge
by cli king on its icon in the
tas bar.
ϭ M crosoft Edge window appears.

3. click on address bar and type

3 https:JJquickdraw.withgoogle.com
4. Press Enter key from the keyboard.

Quick, Draw! page appears.

PM PUBLISHERS PVT. LTD.

5. click on Let’s Draw!

button to start the drawing
game.

ϵϬ ϱ
 New screen appears, which
prompts you to draw a
picture of the object it
suggests within 2o seconds.
In this example, it prompts
you to draw a clock.
6. click on Got It! .

New screen appears.

7. Draw the picture (clock)
with mouse (on desktop)
or with finger (on Tablet
ϳ
or smartphone).
As you draw, Quick, Draw!
will start speaking out and
showing up the guesses
about your drawing.

After 20 seconds, next screen appears

ap and prompts you to draw second picture.
8. Repeat steps 6 and 7 to draw the
th picture.
Once you have completed six
suggested drawings, you can
check your result.
In this example, 3 out of 6
pictures are correct,
(CODEBOT)
IT PLANET −3
according to Google.
9. click on Play Again
button if you want to play
more.

ϵϭ
 Once you draw the pictures, Google
stores them in its dataset. The
Quick, Draw! dataset is a
collection of millions of drawings,
and you can be one of the
contributors to the dataset for AI.
Your drawings help developers train
new robots or AI-enabled machines.

Skill Formation
TŚĞ ƵůƚiŵaƚĞ ŐŽaů ŽĨ YƵicŬ͕ Dƌaǁ͊ iƐ ƚŽ ŵaŬĞ LJŽƵƌ dƌaǁiŶŐ ƐŬiůůƐ
ďĞƚƚĞƌ aŶd ƐŚŽǁ LJŽƵ ŚŽǁ AI ƌĞcŽŐŶinjĞƐ LJŽƵƌ dƌaǁiŶŐ ďLJ LJĞůůiŶŐ
ŽƵƚ ǁŽƌdƐ aŶd ƉŚƌaƐĞƐ iƚ ƚŚiŶŬƐ LJŽƵ aƌĞ ƚƌLJiŶŐ ƚŽ iůůƵƐƚƌaƚĞ.

In a Nutshell
o Artificial Intelligence is a wa
ay of making intelligent computer
programs or robots.
o Humans gain intelligence e fro
om past experiences and actions based
on different situat ons and environments.
o A lot of difference
es e ist between human intelligence and Artificial
Intelligence on the basis
ba of nature, decision-making, performance,
etc.
o Artificial Intelligence can be categorized into two types : weak AI
and strong AI.
o Quick, Draw! is a free online game developed by Google.
PM PUBLISHERS PVT. LTD.

Exercises
A. Tisk >@ thH sorrHst anVwHr.
1. Human intelligence is ........................ .
a. artificial b. simple c. natural
ϵ2
2. Decision-making capability of AI is ........................ .
a. unbiased b. biased c. weak
 3. Machines with strong AI can accomplish ........................ tasks on their
own.
a. easy b. complex c. human
4. Sophia, the social humanoid robot, has a delicate ........................ like
appearance.
a. doll b. woman c. man
5. The Quick, Draw! dataset is collection of millions of ........................ .

a. drawings b. songs c. games

%. WritH `T´ for TruH and `)´ for )alVH VtatHmHntV.

1. Planning is the series of action to be taken to achieve a goal.
2. Artificial Intelligence adapts easily to the change in the
environment.
3. At present, all AI systems are weak.
4. Sophia, the humanoid robot, was act
ctivatted in 2o16.

M
5. Quick, Draw! game prompts players to quickly draw six objects.

C. )ill in thH blankV.

1. Artificial Intelligence alw
ways ................... human behavior.
2. Human intelligence cannot beat the ................... of Artificial Intelligence.
3. Google Assistant is an example ex of..................AI.
4. ................... is a social humanoid robot created by Hanson Robotics.
5. Picture drawn in Quick, Draw! are stored in the ................... of Google.

P. PiffHrHntiatH bHtwHHn thH following.

weak AI Strong AI (CODEBOT)
......................................................... ....................................................... IT PLANET −3

........................................................... .........................................................
........................................................... .........................................................

E. AnVwHr thH following quHVtionV.

1. write two features of human intelligence?
.........................................................................................................................
ϵ3
.........................................................................................................................
 2. write any two differences between human intelligence and Artificial
Intelligence.
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
3. what does Quick,Draw! software do as we start drawing an object?
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................

). Applisation-baVHd AuHVtion
Ravish is a computer scientist. He is creating a robot which would be able
to learn continuously and adapt as per the situation. which feature of
intelligence is he using?
...............................................................................................................................

Activity Sec
Activity
ion
Matching
Hatsh thH tHxt boxHV with thH
hH pis urH
HV sorrHstl\. OnH haV bHHn donH for
\ou.
I am based upon common sense, judgment, creativity, etc.

My decision-making capability is unbiased.

I am natural and can adapt to a change easily.

Human
Intelligence Artificial
PM PUBLISHERS PVT. LTD.

I can solve any complex problem very fast. Intelligence

Lab Activity
Skill Formation
GivH a dHmonVtration of Auisk, Praw! and TŚiƐ ŐaŵĞ ĞŶŚaŶcĞƐ ƚŚĞ
familiarizH thH VtudHntV with itV diffHrHnt toolV. ǀiƐƵaů ƐƉaƚiaů iŶƚĞůůiŐĞŶcĞ
ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ƐƚƵdĞŶƚƐ.
Group Discussion
ϵϰ
PividH thH VtudHntV into two groupV and diVsuVV thH topis − `Whish
intHlligHnsH iV %HttHr − Artifisial IntHlligHnsH or yuman IntHlligHnsH?´.
 Worksheet-II
Chapters 5 - 8

A. Tick [] the correct answer.

1. ......................... is an electronic library that contains lots of
information in the form of text, pictures, and sound.
a. www b. Browser c. URL
2. ...................... means to focus on important information and ignore
the rest.
a. Branching b. Sequencing c. Abstraction
3. A collection of web pages is called a ...................... .
a. website b. link c. URL
4. ...................... are different pictures a spr
prite has.
a. Extensions b. costum
umes c. Motions
B. Write 'T' for True and 'F' for False statements.
1. You can buy or sell product
odu s on the
th Internet.
2. Mistakes found while writ
riting an algorithm are called bugs.
3. costumes tab shows any script that currently exists.
4. Looks blocks change the sprite and background appearance.
C. Fill in the blanks.
1. .......................... is a software used to open a web page or website.
2. After debugging, the algorithm works .......................... .
(CODEBOT)
3. .......................... blocks perform mathematical functions within a IT PLANET −3
project.
4. .......................... is the series of action to achieve a goal.
D. Define the following.
1. Home page: ..............................................................................................
...................................................................................................................
ϵϱ
2. Sequencing: .............................................................................................
...................................................................................................................
 3. Script: ......................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................
4. Quick, Draw!: ...........................................................................................
...................................................................................................................

E. Answer the following questions.

1. what are the uses of Internet?
...................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................
2. what is social networking?
...................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................

M
3. what do you mean by an algorithm?
...................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................
4. write any two advantage
es of Scratch.
...................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................
5. what is the use of Pen in Scratch? where is it located?
PM PUBLISHERS PVT. LTD.

...................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................
6. write any two features of human intelligence.
...................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................
ϵϲ
...................................................................................................................
 ProMect Work

ProMect Paint
3D
CrHatH a Vimilar projHst
in Paint 5P.

ProMect Word
WritH an HVVay on `Hy )amily´ in thH VpasH givHn bHlow.

MY FA
AMILY
..............................................................................................................
..............
..............................................................................................................
..............
..............................................................................................................
..............
.............................................................................................................. (CODEBOT)
IT PLANET −3
..............
..............................................................................................................
..............

o Now, open word and type the same lines in a new document.
o The font of title should be ‘comic Sans MS’ and font size should be 2o.
o The paragraph font should be ‘comic Sans MS’ and font size should be 14.
o Now, save the file with the name ‘My Family’. ϵϳ
o close the file and exit from word.
 ProMect
Scratch
A. HakH a rHstanglH in Ssratsh by arranging thH bloskV aV Vhown bHlow and
run thH projHst.

%. HakH a hut in Ssratsh by arrangin

ng thH bloskV aV Vhown bHlow and run
thH projHst.
PM PUBLISHERS PVT. LTD.

ϵϴ Noteǣ To fit the h—t in the sta‰e, first dra‰ the sprite to the lower left corner·
 Additional InIormation
SW\k<
Stykz is a stick-figure animation
program. It is a free software used to
create simple animations. You can
download Stykz from the Internet.

VKLKO4K KKNYKR
when you open Stykz, Welcome Center appears showing you different
sections to work in Stykz.
You can open recent and other

PMP
documents from this section.
You can create a new
document from
fr this section.
You can get help and tutorials
from th s section.
You can click on Exit to close the
welcome center.

KRKAYING A DOK74KNY
1. In the welcome center, click on
ϭ Default Document.
The Stykz program appears.

Yß9 St7kz Int9гfac9 (CODEBOT)

IT PLANET −3
Properties Palette
Commands
Palette
Tools
Palette

Stage
Figure

Controller
Palette ϵϵ
Frames
Palette
 when you create a document, the figure shows blue
and yellow circles. when you select it with Select
tool, the blue circles change to red circles.
These red and yellow circles are called nodes, and
black lines are called segments.
Red circles are used to rotate the attached segment and
are called pivot nodes. Yellow circle is used to drag
the figure and is called drag node.
ANI4AYING A DOK74KNY
As we have opened a
Default Document,
ϭ
the figure on the
stage and the first
frame in Frames
2 palette are created
by default.
1. click on Select tool.
2. click on the drag
node (yellow circle)
to drag the figure on
the lower left side of
stage.
As you drag the figure,
the thumbnail of stage
in the current frame
also gets updated.
PM PUBLISHERS PVT. LTD.

3. click on New
Frame button to
create a new frame.
A new thumbnail
3 appears in Frames
Palette with red
ϭϬϬ border.

The Controller palette changes to Frame 2 of 2. Earlier, it was Frame 1 of 1.

 4. click on drag node
and drag the figure
ϰ to the right on the
stage.
As you drag, the gray
figure of previous frame
is displayed. This is
called onionskin.
As you drag the figure, the thumbnail of stage in the current frame also gets
updated.
5. click on New
Frame button to
ϱ
create a new frame.
A new thumbnail appears in Frames palette with red border.
6. click on pivot node (red
ϲ circle) and rotate it
upward.

The gray figure of previous frameis displayed. It is used to position the figure
of current frame relative to the previou
ou fra
rame.
Repeat steps 5 and 6
to add more frames
and change the
positions of the figure.

PLA₹ING YHK ANI4AYION (CODEBOT)

IT PLANET −3
After creating the animation, you can test it by playing it in
StykzPlayer window.
1. In the Controller
palette, click on Play
ϭ button.
You can adjust the speed
of the animation by using
Speed option. ϭϬϭ
 Animation plays only once in a new window called StykzPlayer.
As animation plays only for
once, you can click on
Play button to play the
animation again.
You can click on Done
button to close the
StykzPlayer window.

Kontíntotsl7 Pla7ín Yß9 Anímatíon

g

MP
ϭ
1. To play the animation again and again, click on Loop
button.
2 2. click on Play button

The animati n starts playing continuously in

3 StykzPlayer window.
3. click on Pause button to stop
the animation.
To play again, click on Play button.
You can click on Done to close
the StykzPlayer window.

SAUING YHK ANI4AYION

You can save the animation to play it again in the future.
PM PUBLISHERS PVT. LTD.

1. click on File menu, then click on Save. The Save as dialog box appears.

2. Type the name of the file.

3. click on Save.
Your animation file gets saved with .stykz
file extension.
ϭϬ2 2
3
 NATIONAL &YBER
N CO PAPER – SYLLABUS 2021-22

3
OLYMPIAD
SAMPLE
SYLLABUS
Section – 1 : Patterns, Analogy and Classification, Coding−Decoding, Mirror Images, Embedded Figures, Alphabet Test, Ranking
Test, Grouping of Figures, Figure Matrix, Geometrical Shapes, Days and Dates & Possible Combinations.
Section – 2 : Fundamentals of Computer, General Information about Computers, Storage Devices, Parts of Computer, Uses of
Computer, Input and Output Devices, Introduction to Internet, MS−Paint, Introduction to MS−Word (Opening, Closing, Saving
and Printing a Word document, Components of MS−Word window, Editing commands like Cut, Copy, Paste, CLass
Undo and Redo,
Moving in a document using Home and End Keys), Latest Developments in the field of IT.
Section – 3 : Higher Order Thinking Questions − Syllabus as per Section − 2.
Questions are based on Windows 7 and MS-Office 2010.
Total Questions: 35 Time: 1 hr.
PATTERN & MARKING SCHEME
Section (1) Logical Reasoning (2) Computers & IT (3) Achievers Section
No. of Questions 5 25 5
Marks per Ques. 1 1 2

LOGICAL REASONING

1. Which of the following options will complete the pattern in Fig. (X)?

MP
(A) (B)
Fig. (X)
(D)
(C)
?
2. In how many different ways can the ant return to its home?
e?

(A) 7 (B) 6 (C
C) 8 (D) 9
3. If 'Star' is called 'Sun', 'Sun' is called 'Moon',
'M 'Moon'
'M is called 'Earth' and 'Earth' is called 'Comet', then man lives on
.
(A) Star (B) Moon (C) Earth (D) Comet

COMPUTERS AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

4. Select the odd one out regarding shapes found in Paint program.

(A) (B) (D)

(C)
5. Which of the following is the image of an Abacus?

(A) (B) (C). (D)

6. Select the INCORRECT match of brushes in MS−Paint of Windows 7 with their corresponding names.
(CODEBOT)
IT PLANET −3

(A) − Marker (B) − Natural pencil (C). − Calligraphy (D) − Watercolor

brush 1 brush
7. Select the odd one out.
(A) Opera Mini (B) Bing (C) Safari (D) Internet Explorer
8. Which of the following statements about a computer is NOT correct?
(A) You can watch movies on it. (B) You can solve your sums on it.
(C) You can play games on it. (D) You can cook food with it.
9. The key that erases characters towards the left is .
103

(A) (B) (C) (D)

10. Find the odd term out.
(A) Keyboard (B) Mouse (C) Monitor (D) Joystick
 11. The control unit of the computer controls the .
(A) Working of the computer keyboard (B) Flow of electricity within the computer
(C) Flow of data in the computer (D) Performance of all arithmetic and logical operations
12. MS−Paint is a Windows program that is used for .
(A) Calculations (B) Writing letters (C) Drawing purposes (D) Preparing presentations
13. Which of the following is NOT an example of search engine?
(A) (B) (C) (D)

ACHIEVERS SECTION
14.
Alia wants to create a shortcut for MS−Word 2010, so that she
1. Select/click All Programs
can quickly access it. But she does not know the correct
2. Click Microsoft Office folder
sequence of steps required to follow to create a desktop 3. Click Desktop (create shortcut) option
shortcut. Help her by rearranging the given steps in the 4. Click on Start button
5. Right click
CORRECT order.
6. Go to Microsoft Word 2010
(A) 4 ൺ 1 ൺ 2ൺ 6ൺ 5ൺ 7ൺ 3 7. Select 'Send to' from the pop−up menu.

(B) 1 ൺ 2 ൺ 4ൺ 7ൺ 3ൺ 6ൺ 5
(C) 4 ൺ 3 ൺ 2ൺ 7ൺ 1ൺ 5ൺ 6
(D) 6 ൺ 1 ൺ 5ൺ 7ൺ 2ൺ 4ൺ 3
15. Identify the following.
− It is a device that converts textual data into spoken sentences.
− It is used to read the text information to blind persons.
− It translates the entered text into spoken words.

(A) (B) C)
(C) (D)

SAMP E ANSWER SHEET

1. Name: If your name is SAURAV GUPTA. then you shou
ould write
writ as
follo
ollows: S A U R A V G U P T A
2. Father’s Name: If your father’s name is DINESH
H PTA then
n you should write as follows:
G D I N E S H GU P T A
SCHOOL CODE 4. CLASS 5. ROLL NO.
M H O 5 4 7 3. SCHOOL CODE
Write your school code i.e. if If you are in Class 10 If your roll no. is 587,
A A 0 then you should then you should write
B B 1 0 0 0 your school code is MH0547
C C 2 1 1 1 darken as follows: and darken the circles
darken as follows:
D D 3 2 2 2 as follows:
E E 4 3 3 3
4 4 4 CLASS ROLL NO.
F F 5 5 5 5 1 0 5 8 7
G G 6 6 6 6 Darken the circle 0 0 0 0
H H 7 7 7 8 Darken the circle 1 1 1 1 1
I I 8 8 8 2 2 2 2 2
J J 9 9 9 9
K K 3 3 3 3 3
L L 4 4 4 4 4
M M 5 5 5 5
N N 6 6 6 6 6
O O 6. GENDER 7 7 7 7
P P If you are a boy then 8 8 8 8
Q Q darken Male circle 9 9 9 9 9
PM PUBLISHERS PVT. LTD.

R R
S S GENDER
T T

Z Z
U U
V V MALE FEMALE CORRECT WRONG 
W W way to darken  
X X way to darken
the circle the circle
Y Y
ZA Z

7. If your choice for Answer 1 is C, then you should darken the circle as follows: 1. A B D

MARK YOUR ANSWERS WITH HB PENCIL/BALL POINT PEN (BLUE/BLACK)

National Cyber Olympiad
1. A B C D 4. A B C D 7. A B C D 10. A B C D 13. A B C D
2. A B C D 5. A B C D 8. A B C D 11. A B C D 14. A B C D
3. A B C D 6. A B C D 9. A B C D 12. A B C D 15. A B C D

104
ANSWERS
1. (C) 2. (A) 3. (D) 4. (D) 5. (B) 6. (C) 7. (B) 8. (D) 9. (A) 10. (C) 11. (C) 12. (C)
13. (B) 14. (A) 15. (A)