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ASSIGNMENT
1. List and explain how to import Excel into Charts
 Open the charting software: Launch the program where you want to create the chart (e.g.,
Microsoft Excel, Google Sheets, Power BI, etc.).
 Access the data import function:
o Excel: Go to the "Insert" tab, then select "Recommended Charts" or choose a specific chart type
depending on your data.
o Other software: Look for an option like "Import Data," "Upload File," or "Connect to Data
Source" in the menu.
 Select your Excel file:
o Browse to the location of your Excel file on your computer and select it.
 Choose the data range:
o In the import dialog box, specify which sheet and data range you want to use for the chart.
 Import the data: Click "Import" or "OK" to bring your Excel data into the chart software.
 Customize the chart:
o Once the data is loaded, you can adjust the chart type, axis labels, titles, colors, and other visual
elements based on your needs.

1. Explain in details what is meant to use formulas in Excel.

Using formulas in Excel means instructing the program to perform calculations on data within your
spreadsheet by writing a specific equation in a cell, which will automatically update the result based
on the values in other cells, allowing you to analyze and manipulate data without manually calculating
each value individually; essentially, it's a way to automate calculations within your spreadsheet using
predefined functions and cell references, always starting with an equal sign (=) to initiate a formula.

Key points about using formulas in Excel:

 Basic structure:
A formula always begins with an equal sign (=) followed by the calculation you want to
perform, which can include cell references, numbers, operators (+, -, *, /), and functions (like
SUM, AVERAGE, IF, VLOOKUP).
 Cell references:
When you reference a cell in a formula, you are telling Excel to use the value stored in that cell
for the calculation. For example, "=A1 + A2" would add the values in cells A1 and A2 and
display the result in the cell where the formula is entered.
 Functions:
Excel provides a wide range of built-in functions that perform specific calculations, like
summing a range of numbers (SUM), finding the average (AVERAGE), determining the
maximum value (MAX), or looking up data in a table (VLOOKUP).
Example of using a formula:
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 Calculating the total cost of items:
o Imagine you have a list of items with their individual prices in column A, and you want to
calculate the total cost in cell B1.
o You would enter the formula =SUM(A1:A5) in cell B1, which would add up the values in cells A1
to A5 and display the total in B1.
Benefits of using formulas:
 Efficiency: Automate complex calculations, saving time and effort.
 Accuracy: Reduce the risk of manual calculation errors.
 Flexibility: Easily update calculations by changing the data in the referenced cells.
 Data analysis: Perform advanced data analysis by combining different functions and cell
references.

2. Explain in full how to insert a row and how to delete a column from existing table

 To insert a new row in a spreadsheet program like Microsoft Excel or

Google Sheets, navigate to the row where you want the new row to
appear, right-click on the row number, and then select "Insert Row" from
the context menu; this will add a blank row directly above the selected
row.
Key steps:
 Locate the desired position: Click on the row number where you want to
insert the new row.
 Right-click: Right-click on the row number to open the context menu.
 Select "Insert Row": From the menu options, choose "Insert Row".

 To delete a column in Excel, you can select the column, right-click, and
then select Delete. You can also delete a column by selecting a cell in
the column and then selecting Delete.
Steps to delete a column in Excel
1. Open your spreadsheet
2. Find the column you want to delete
3. Click on the letter at the top of the column to highlight the column
4. Right-click anywhere in the highlighted column
5. Select Delete from the context menu
You can also delete a column by selecting a cell in the column and then
selecting Home > Delete.
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When you delete a column, the other columns automatically shift to the left.

3. Explain in details how to format a column?

To format a column in Excel, simply select the entire column by clicking on its header,
then right-click and choose "Format Cells"; from there, you can adjust the number
format, alignment, font, borders, and more depending on your needs.
Key steps:
o Select the column: Click on the column header to highlight the entire column.
o Access formatting options: Right-click on the selected column and choose "Format
Cells".
o Choose formatting options: Within the "Format Cells" dialog box, navigate to the
relevant tab (like "Number", "Alignment", "Font") to adjust the desired formatting.

Alternative methods:
o Use the Home tab: Select the column, then go to the "Home" tab on the ribbon, click
the "Format" button, and choose "Format Cells".
4. In details explain how to sort a payroll in order of seniority and how to sort ascending and
descending order.
To sort a payroll by seniority, you would typically use the "hire date" column
as the primary sorting criteria, with older hire dates appearing first (most
senior) - this is considered ascending order; to sort in descending order,
simply reverse the sorting to show the most recent hires first (least senior) on
a spreadsheet or payroll system.
Key points:
 Select the "Hire Date" column: When using a spreadsheet program like
Excel, highlight the "Hire Date" column in your payroll data.
 Access the Sort function: Navigate to the "Data" tab and select the "Sort"
option.
 Choose ascending or descending order:
o Ascending order (oldest to newest): Select "Sort Ascending" to arrange
employees from the earliest hire date to the latest.
o Descending order (newest to oldest): Select "Sort Descending" to arrange
employees from the latest hire date to the earliest.
Important considerations:
 Tiebreakers:
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If multiple employees have the same hire date, you might need to add a
secondary sorting criteria like employee ID or last name to break the tie.
 Payroll system specific features:
Most payroll systems will have built-in sorting options allowing you to select
the "Hire Date" field and choose ascending or descending order directly
within the system.
5. What do you understand by Wrap Text, explain how to wrap a text and how to merge
and center.
Wrap text is a formatting feature that automatically adjusts text to fit within a
given space. It's available in word processors, spreadsheets, and graphic
design software. It breaks text into lines so it fits within the width of a page or
cell, Prevents horizontal scrolling and Helps keep text neat and readable.
How to wrap a text?
1. Select the cell(s) you want to wrap
2. Go to the Home tab
3. In the Alignment group, select Wrap Text
4. The text will automatically wrap to fit the column width

Tips for wrapping text:

 Wrapping text allows readers to easily read and understand data
 If the wrapped text is not visible, the row might be set to a specific height
 To fix this, you can select the cell, go to the Home tab, click Format, and then
click AutoFit Row Height
 You can also set a specific row height by clicking Row Height and typing the
desired number
 If you change the column width, Excel will automatically adapt the wrapped
text to fit

How to merge and center:

 Select cells: Highlight the cells you want to merge together.

 Access the function: Navigate to the "Home" tab in your spreadsheet.
 Click "Merge & Center": Find the "Merge & Center" option within the
alignment group and click it.
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Important note: When merging cells, only the content from the top left cell
will be kept, so ensure important data is in that position before merging.

6. Explain how to print in micro soft excel and what are the steps to follow
before printing in Excel?
To print in Excel, simply go to the "File" tab, then select "Print" or use the
keyboard shortcut Ctrl + P; this will open the print dialogue box where you can
adjust settings before sending your document to the printer.
Key steps:
 Select the sheet(s) you want to print: Highlight the specific worksheets you
want to print within your workbook.
 Access the Print function: Click on "File" in the top left corner, then choose
"Print".
 Adjust settings (optional):
o Print area: Define a specific range of cells to print if needed.
o Page orientation: Choose landscape or portrait.
o Scaling: Adjust how the content fits on the page.
o Gridlines: Select whether to print gridlines on your spreadsheet.
 Click "Print": Once your settings are satisfactory, click the "Print" button to
send the document to your printer.

Steps to follow before printing in Excel

 Select the desired worksheet(s): Click on the sheet tab of the worksheet
you want to print.
 Access Print options: Go to the "File" tab and click "Print".
 Preview the document: Use the print preview window to check how your
data will appear on the printed page.
 Adjust print settings:
o Print area: Define a specific range of cells to print by selecting the "Print
Area" option.
o Page orientation: Choose between portrait or landscape layout depending on
your data.
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o Margins: Adjust the top, bottom, left, and right margins to fit your content.
o Scaling: Set scaling options to fit all your data onto a single page if needed.
o Paper size: Select the appropriate paper size for your printer.
 Choose your printer: Select the desired printer from the dropdown list.
 Check for errors: Double-check that your data is correct and formatted as
intended before printing.