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Vectors

The document outlines the objectives and fundamental concepts of vectors in physics, including their definitions, properties, and methods for addition. It explains the distinction between vector and scalar quantities, and provides a systematic approach for solving resultant vectors using both graphical and component methods. Key steps involve resolving vectors into components, adding these components, and determining the resultant vector's magnitude and direction.

Uploaded by

Lumogdang ,MicahJeremy B.
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© © All Rights Reserved
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6 views20 pages

Vectors

The document outlines the objectives and fundamental concepts of vectors in physics, including their definitions, properties, and methods for addition. It explains the distinction between vector and scalar quantities, and provides a systematic approach for solving resultant vectors using both graphical and component methods. Key steps involve resolving vectors into components, adding these components, and determining the resultant vector's magnitude and direction.

Uploaded by

Lumogdang ,MicahJeremy B.
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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PHYSICS FOR ENGINEERS

VECTORS
OBJECTIVE
• At the end of this weekly topic, you should be able to:

1. To acquire better understanding of vectors and simplify


multiple vectors into equivalent singular vector.

2. Compute the difference of vectors.

3. Solve the resultant vector using graphical (polygon method)


and component method.

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VECTORS AND MOTION
• In one-dimensional motion, vectors were used to a
limited extent
• For more complex motion, manipulating vectors will
be more important

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VECTOR AND SCALAR
• All physical quantities encountered will
be either a scalar or a vector
• A vector quantity has both magnitude
(size) and direction
• A scalar is completely specified by only
a magnitude (size)

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VECTOR NOTATION
• When handwritten, use an arrow:
• When printed, will be in bold print with an arrow:
• When dealing with just the magnitude of a vector
in print, an italic letter will be used: A
– Italics will also be used to represent scalars

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PROPERTIES OF
VECTOR
• Equality of Two Vectors
– Two vectors are equal
if they have the same
magnitude and the
same direction

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ADDING VECTOR
• When adding vectors, their directions must be
taken into account
• The resultant vector (sum) is denoted as

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ADDING VECTOR
• Vectors obey the Commutative Law of
Addition
– The order in which the vectors are added
doesn’t affect the result

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ADDING VECTOR
• When you have many vectors,
just keep repeating the “tip-
to-tail” process until all are
included
• The resultant is still drawn
from the origin of the first
vector to the end of the last
vector

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ADDING VECTOR
• Negative Vectors
– The negative of the vector is defined as the
vector that gives zero when added to the
original vector
– Two vectors are negative if they have the
same magnitude but are 180° apart
(opposite directions)

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ADDING VECTOR
• Special case of vector
addition
– Add the negative of
the subtracted vector

• Continue with standard


vector addition
procedure
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SOLVING RESULTANT VECTOR
USING COMPONENT
METHOD
Component method is a technique used to find the
resultant vector of two or more vectors by breaking
them down into their horizontal (x) and vertical (y)
components

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STEP 1
Resolve each vectors into its x and y components.

Vx= V cos(θ)
Vy= V sin(θ)

V is the magnitude of the vector


θ is the direction (angle) of the vector

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STEP 2
Add the x-components of all vectors

Rx= Vx1 + Vx2 + ... + Vxn

Add the y-components of all vectors

Ry= Vy1 + Vy2 + ... + Vyn

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STEP 3
Find the magnitude of the vector

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STEP 4
Find the direction of the vector

θ is a reference angle

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Note:
+Rx and +Ry , angle is on QI
-Rx and +Ry , angle is on QII
-Rx and -Ry , angle is on QIII
+Rx and -Ry , angle is on QIV

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EXAMPLE
• Find the resultant vector of the two given vectors

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EXAMPLE
• Find the resultant vector of the four given vectors

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EXAMPLE
• Find the resultant vector of the four given vectors

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