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Lesson 10

The document explains geometric sequences, which are sequences where each term is found by multiplying the previous term by a fixed non-zero number known as the common ratio. It provides examples of identifying geometric sequences, calculating the nth term, and finding the common ratio based on given terms. Additionally, it includes exercises to reinforce understanding of geometric sequences.

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17 views20 pages

Lesson 10

The document explains geometric sequences, which are sequences where each term is found by multiplying the previous term by a fixed non-zero number known as the common ratio. It provides examples of identifying geometric sequences, calculating the nth term, and finding the common ratio based on given terms. Additionally, it includes exercises to reinforce understanding of geometric sequences.

Uploaded by

audreyjaeangeles678
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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E Geometric A

Sequence

D B

C
When do we say that the
sequence is arithmetic?
If any two consecutive
numbers/terms has a common
difference.
1 1 3 1 3 5 7
1
2 2 4 2 4 6 8

How many equal parts do we have in a sheet of


paper if you fold and cut it at the center?

No. of fold/s(x) 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
No. of equal part/s(y) 1 2 4 8 16 32 64
𝟓 𝟑 𝟕
1, , , ,𝟐 10,5, 2.5, 1.25
𝟒 𝟐 𝟒

2, 6, 18, 54, 162, 486 5, 25, 125,625


𝟏, 10, 100, 1000 1, 8,27, 64, 125
9,18,27,36 4, 16, 64, 256, 1024
𝟑 𝟑 𝟑 𝟑
3, , , ,
𝟐 𝟒 𝟖 𝟏𝟔 3x, 9x, 15x, 21x
A
10,5, 2.5, 1.25
5, 25, 125,625
B
𝟓 𝟑 𝟕
2, 6, 18, 54, 162, 486 1, , , ,𝟐
𝟒 𝟐 𝟒
𝟏, 10, 100, 1000 1, 8,27, 64, 125
4, 16, 64, 256, 1024
𝟑 𝟑 𝟑 𝟑
9, 18, 27, 36
3, , , ,
𝟐 𝟒 𝟖 𝟏𝟔 3x, 9x, 15x, 21x
E Geometric A
Sequence

D B

C
GEOMETRIC SEQUENCE
A Geometric Progression, also
known as a Geometric Sequence, is a
sequence of numbers where each term
after the first is found by multiplying
the previous one by a fixed, non-zero
number called the common ratio.
Lesson #10

Objective
1. Identify a geometric sequence

2. Find the nth term of the geometric


sequence.
Examples
Determine whether the given numbers illustrate a geometric
sequence or NOT. If it is geometric sequence, identify the
common ratio.
a. 3,9,27,81… GS , 3 f) 2,-6,-18,-54,.. NOT
b. 1,4,9,16,25… NOT g) 72,24,8,8/3,.. GS, 1/3
c. 1/2,1/8,1/32… GS, 1/4 h) 2,10,50,250,.. GS, 5
d. 60,30,15,15/2… GS, 1/2 i) 2,2/9,2/27,.. NOT
e. 2,6,10,14,18… NOT j) 5,-15,45,-135,..GS,-3
What is the tenth term of the
sequence 1, 2, 4, 8, 16,…?
a1= 1 = 1 = 1 = 1(2)0 = 1(2) 1
(1-1)

a2= 2 = 1(2) = 1(2) = 1(2)1


1
= 1(2)(2-1)
2

a3= 4 = 1(2)(2) = 1(2)2 = 1(2)2 = 1(2)(3-1)


3

a4= 8 = 1(2)(2)(2) = 1(2)3 = 1(2)3 = 1(2)(4-1)


4

a5= 16 = 1(2)(2)(2)(2) = 1(2)4 = 1(2)4 = 1(2)(5-1)


5

an = a1 r(n–1)
The nth term or the General
rule for the geometric
sequence

a =arn 1
(n-1)
So, to find the 10
term of th

the sequence {1, 2, 4, 8,…}


a 10 = a1r
(n-1)

a10
= 1(𝟐) 𝟏𝟎−𝟏

a10 = 𝟗
1(𝟐)
a10 = 512
Write the first five terms of geometric
sequence whose first term is 3 and
common ratio is -3.
an= a1r(n-1) an= a1r(n-1) an= a1r(n-1) an= a1r(n-1)
a2 3(−𝟑)
= 𝟐−𝟏 a3= 3(−𝟑)𝟑−𝟏 a4= 3(−𝟑)𝟒−𝟏 a5= 3(−𝟑)𝟓−𝟏
a2 3(−𝟑)
= 𝟏 a3 3(−𝟑)
= 𝟐
a4 3(−𝟑)
= 𝟑 a5= 3(−𝟑)𝟒
a2= -9 a3= 27 a4= -81 a5= 243

3 , -9, 27, -81, 243


Determine the value of the 9 th

term of the geometric sequence


3, 6,r=12,…
2 a = a r(n-1)
n 1

a1= 3 a9 3(𝟐)
= 𝟗−𝟏

a9 3(𝟐)
= 𝟖

a9 = 768
768 is the 9th term of the sequence
In a geometric sequence, the first
term is ½ and the 6 term is 16. Find
th

the common ratio. 𝟏

a =ar
n
(n-1)
1
(32) = r
𝟓

16 =
𝟏
(𝒓) 𝟔−𝟏
𝟓
𝟑𝟐 = r
𝟐 2= r
𝟏
2 16= (𝒓)𝟓 2 r = 2
𝟏 𝟐 𝟏
𝟓

[32 = (𝒓) ] 𝟓 𝟓
1/2, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16
Which term is 1 458 in the
geometric sequence 2, 6, 18,…?
an = a1r(n-1) 6=n–1
a1 = 2 1458 = 2(3)(n-1) 7=n
r= 3 𝟏𝟒𝟓𝟖
=
2(3)(n−1) n=7
an = 1 458 𝟐 𝟐
1 458 is the
729 = 3(n−1)
n= ? 7 term
th
36 = 3(n−1)
Find the value of the 1st term of the
geometric sequence whose 5 and 8 th th

terms are 405 and 10 935 respectively.


an = a1r (n-1) 𝟏
𝟑 [27 = r3] 𝟑
𝟏
a1 = ? ( ) ( )

a5 = 405 10 935 = 405(𝐫) 𝟒−𝟏 𝟏

27 = r
𝟑

a8 = 10 935 𝟏𝟎 𝟗𝟑𝟓 405(𝐫)𝟑 𝟑


n=4 = 𝟐𝟕 = r
𝟒𝟎𝟓 𝟒𝟎𝟓 𝟑 = r
r=? 27 = r 3 r=3
Find the value of the 1st term of the
geometric sequence whose 5 and 8 th th

terms are 405 and 10 935 respectively.


a1 = ? an = a1r(n-1)
a5 = 405
a5 = 405 405 = a1(3)(5-1)
a8 = 10 935 405 = a1(81)
n=4 𝟒𝟎𝟓 a (81)
= a1 = 5
1
r=3
𝟖𝟏 81
Find the value of the 1 term of the
st

geometric sequence whose 5th and


8 terms are 405 and 10 935
th

respectively.
r = 3 , a1 = 5, a5 = 405, a8 = 10 935

5, 15, 45, 135, 405, 1215, 3 645, 10 935


GENERALIZATION
GEOMETRIC SEQUENCE
A Geometric Progression, also known as a
Geometric Sequence, is a sequence of numbers where
each term after the first is found by multiplying
the previous one by a fixed, non-zero number called
the common ratio.

an = a 1 r(n-1)

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